Reading THE BODY KEEPS THE SCORE Part 1-2

 Bessel Van Der Kolk

THE BODY KEEPS THE SCORE Content table [total pages 421]

PROLOGUE: FACING TRAUMA

PART ONE: THE REDISCOVERY OF TRAUMA
1. LESSONS FROM VIETNAM VETERANS
2. REVOLUTIONS IN UNDERSTANDING MIND AND BRAIN
3. LOOKING INTO THE BRAIN: THE NEUROSCIENCE REVOLUTION

PART TWO: THIS IS YOUR BRAIN ON TRAUMA
4. RUNNING FOR YOUR LIFE: THE ANATOMY OF SURVIVAL
5. BODY-BRAIN CONNECTIONS
6. LOSING YOUR BODY, LOSING YOUR SELF

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PART THREE: THE MINDS OF CHILDREN [22%, 102]
7. GETTING ON THE SAME WAVELENGTH: ATTACHMENT AND ATTUNEMENT
8. TRAPPED IN RELATIONSHIPS: THE COST OF ABUSE AND NEGLECT
9. WHAT'S LOVE GOT TO DO WITH IT?
10. DEVELOPMENTAL TRAUMA: THE HIDDEN EPIDEMIC

PART FOUR: THE IMPRINT OF TRAUMA [37%, 168]
11. UNCOVERING SECRETS: THE PROBLEM OF TRAUMATIC MEMORY
12. THE UNBEARABLE HEAVINESS OF REMEMBERING

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PART FIVE: PATHS TO RECOVERY [44%, 203]
13. HEALING FROM TRAUMA: OWNING YOUR SELF
14. LANGUAGE: MIRACLE AND TYRANNY
15. LETTING GO OF THE PAST: EMDR
16. LEARNING TO INHABIT YOUR BODY: YOGA
17. PUTTING THE PIECES TOGETHER: SELF-LEADERSHIP [61%, 277]

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18. FILLING IN THE HOLES: CREATING STRUCTURES [65,296]
19. REWIRING THE BRAIN: NEUROFEEDBACK
20. FINDING YOUR VOICE: COMMUNAL RHYTHMS AND THEATER
EPILOGUE: CHOICES TO BE MADE

APPENDIX: CONSENSUS PROPOSED CRITERIA FOR DEVELOPMENTAL TRAUMA DISORDER[79%,356]
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RESOURCES [80%, 363]
FURTHER READING
NOTES
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1부 트라우마의 재발견
1장 베트남전 참전 군인들이 알게 해 준 교훈
2장 마음과 뇌의 이해, 그 혁신적 변화
3장 뇌 속을 들여다보다: 신경과학의 혁명

2부 트라우마 상태의 뇌
4장 필사적인 도주: 생존의 해부
5장 신체와 뇌의 유대
6장 몸을 잃으면 자기self를 잃는다
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3부 아이들의 마음
7장 애착과 조율: 동일한 파장을 일으키다
8장 관계의 덫: 학대와 방임의 대가
9장 사랑과는 거리가 먼
10장 발달 과정의 트라우마: 숨겨진 유행병

4부 트라우마의 흔적
11장 비밀의 발견: 트라우마 기억의 문제점
12장 참을 수 없는 기억의 무거움

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5부 회복으로 가는 길
13장 트라우마로부터의 회복: 트라우마의 치유
14장 언어, 기적이자 고통
15장 과거를 떠나보내는 방법: 안구 운동 민감소실 및 재처리 요법EMDR
16장 내 몸에서 살아가는 법을 배우다: 요가
17장 조각 맞추기: 나를 리드하는 기술

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18장 틈새 메우기: 새로운 구조 만들기
19장 뇌 회로의 재연결: 뉴로피드백
20장 잃어버린 목소리 찾기: 공동체의 리듬, 연극 치료

닫는 글 | 선택 앞에서
감사의 글
부록 | 트라우마 발달 장애 진단 기준에 관한 합의안
참고 자료
더 읽을거리
주석
======

PROLOGUE: FACING TRAUMA

PART ONE: THE REDISCOVERY OF TRAUMA

1. LESSONS FROM VIETNAM VETERANS

- Almost a third of couples engage in violence at some point durin their relationship.

Trauma and loss of self

Numbing

The reorganization of perception

Stuck in trauma

Diagnosing postramautic stress

Framework of PTSD emerges

the biology of traumatic memories of VA

female depression pationts - experience of sexual abuse as children

incest statistics wrong

12 million women ictims of rape. before 15.

ten times the veerans number

A new understanding

trauma results in a fundamental reorganisation of the way mind and brain manage perceptions.

For real change to take place, the body needs to lean that the danger has passed.

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2. REVOLUTIONS IN UNDERSTANDING MIND AND BRAIN

Trauma before dawn.

sylvia case - helping or gang rape

Making sense of suffering

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저자의 선생, Elvin Samrad 교수가 말하기를

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치료사의 임무는 사람들이 즐거움과 비탄을 다 포함한 삶의 현실을 인정하고, 경험하고, 견디게 도아주는 것이다.  

"우리 고통의 가장 큰 원인은 우리가 스스로에게 하는 거짓말"이다. 우리는 우리 경험의 모든 측면에 대해 스스로에게 정직해야 한다고 

그가 종종 말한다: 사람들은 그들이 아는 것과 그들이 느끼는 것을 모르면 절대 나아질 수 없다.

저명한 하버드 교수의 이런 고백을 듣고 놀랐던 기억이 있다. 그가 밤에 잠들을 때 아내의 엉덩이를 만지고 얼마나 위안을 받았지.

자신의 그런 단순한 인간의 욕구를 스스로 공개함으로서 그는 우리가 그것들이 얼마나 인간에게 기본적인지 인식하도록 도왔주었다.

존재라도 우리의 생각이나 세상적인 성취가 아무리 고상하더라도 이런 것들에 주의를 기울이지 않으면 우리의 삶은 정체된 존재가 될 것이다. 

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development of chemical - emoton approach

chemical imbalance

use of antipsychotic drugs result in reduction of people living in mental hospitals

from 500,000 in 1955, to 100,000 in 1966

Inescapable shock

Animal studies

Adicted to trauma

Soothing the brain

The triaumph of pharmacology

the drug revolution may have done as much harm as good

deflect attention from dealing with the underlying issues.

One in ten Americans now take antidepressants.

Adaptation or desease?

The brain dsease model overlooks four fundamental truths:

our abiity

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3. LOOKING INTO THE BRAIN: THE NEUROSCIENCE REVOLUTION
Speechless horror

Shifting to one side of the brain

Stuck in fight or flight

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PART TWO: THIS IS YOUR BRAIN ON TRAUMA

4. RUNNING FOR YOUR LIFE: THE ANATOMY OF SURVIVAL

2011 5 year old Noam Saul

During disasters young children usually take their cues from thei parents.

Taking an active role

Organised to survive

<cognitive brain> vs <animal brain> (more primitive)

psychological  related to physical

emotion

neuroplasticity

If you feel safe and loved, your brain becmes specialised in exploration, play, and coopation;

if you are frightened and unwanted, it specialises in managing feelings of fear and abandonement.

<emotional brain> vs <rational brain>

emotional brain: programmed

Nerve-chemicals-brain-body

The brain from bottom to top

Mirrorring each other: interpersonal neurobiology

Emphathy - our aility to feel into someone else.

mirror neurons - neural wifi

emphasy, imitation, development of language

trauma almost invariably involved not being see,

not being mirrored, and not being taken into account.

harmonious relationship with other human beings

relaising that other people think and fell differnetly from us is a huge developmental step for 2-3 year olds. 

Indentifying dager: the cook and the smoke detector

trauma increasses the risk of misinterpreting whether a particular situation is dangerous or safe.

Controlling the stress response: The watch tower

IN PTSD the critical balance between the amygdala (smoke detector) and the MPFC (watchtower) shifts radically, which makes it much harder to control emotions and impulases.

The rider and the horse

rational brain  and emotional brain

competent rider and unruly horse

이성적인 두뇌와 감성적인 두뇌 

유능한 기수와 제멋대로인 말

Stan and Ute's brain on trauma.

Dissociation and reliving

The smoke detector goes on overdrive

The timekeeper collapses

The thalamus shuts down

Depersonalisation: split off the self

Learning to live in the present

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5. BODY-BRAIN CONNECTIONS

A window into the nervous system

The neural love code

Polivagal theory - biology of safety and danger

interplay betweenthe visceral experiences of our body and the voices and faces of people around us.

Kowing that we are seen and heardby the important people in our lives can make us feel calm and safe.

socal relationships important to trauma.

New approaches to healing.

Safety and reciprocity

Being able to feel safe with other people is probably the single most important aspect of mental health.

Neuroception - capacity to evaluate relative danger and safety in one's environment.

The levels of safety

1.

2.

3.

Fight or flight versus collapse

How we become human

Defend or relax?

New approaches to treatment

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6. LOSING YOUR BODY, LOSING YOUR SELF

Losing your body

How do we know we are alive?

The self sensing system

The feeling of what happens  Damasio

The self under threat

Agency: Owning your life

Alexithymia: No wonder for feelings

Depersonalisation

Befriending the body

Connecting with yourself, Connecting with others

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