2022/06/04

알라딘: [전자책] 평화의 나라 Stanley Hauerwas 1983

알라딘: [전자책] 평화의 나라
The Peaceable Kingdom: A Primer in Christian Ethics

The Peaceable Kingdom: A Primer in Christian Ethics

324 pages
9 hours

Description

Stanley Hauerwas presents an overall introduction to the themes and method that have distinguished his vision of Christian ethics. Emphasizing the significance of Jesus’ life and teaching in shaping moral life, The Peaceable Kingdom stresses the narrative character of moral rationality and the necessity of a historic community and tradition for morality. Hauerwas systematically develops the importance of character and virtue as elements of decision making and spirituality and stresses nonviolence as critical for shaping our understanding of Christian ethics.
RELEASED:
Aug 31, 1991













ePub소득공제
[eBook] 평화의 나라 
스탠리 하우워어스 (지은이), 홍종락 (옮긴이) 비아토르 2021-12-29

책소개
하우어워스는 이 고전에서 기독교 윤리학에 대한 그의 관점을 독특하게 만드는 주제와 방법론에 대한 전반적인 개론을 제시한다. 이 책에서 그는 윤리학자들의 사상을 소개하거나 윤리적 난제들을 깊이 파고들기보다는, 자신의 전작들에서 소개한 사상들을 체계적으로 정리하고 평화를 그리스도인의 삶의 특징으로 강조하면서 한 가지 기독교 윤리에 대한 하나의 단도직입적 해설을 시도한다.

그는 윤리적 삶을 형성하는 데 있어 예수의 삶과 가르침의 중요성을 강조하면서, 우리가 갈망하고 목말라하는 평화는 예수 그리스도의 생애, 죽음, 부활을 통해서만 결정되고 가능해진다고 주장한다. 또한 도덕적 합리성의 내러티브적 성격과, 도덕성에 있어 역사적 공동체와 전통의 필요성을 강조한다. 독자들은 이 책에서 매킨타이어와 요더, 바르트와 비트겐슈타인을 종합한 하우어워스의 비폭력주의를 만날 수 있다.
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목차


추천 서문: 데이비드 버렐
서문
도입
‘개론서’ 소개
나는 누구에게 어떤 영향을 받았는가
나의 교회적 노선

1장 파편화되고 폭력적인 세계에서의 기독교 윤리학
윤리학, 그리고 절대적인 것에 대한 요구
파편들 가운데 살아가기: 윤리학의 불충분함
종교의 사유화
기독교적 확신의 진실함

2장 한정된 윤리: 기독교 윤리학의 내러티브적 특성
한정 없는 윤리의 추상성
기독교적 확신의 내러티브적 성격

3장 역사적이라는 것에 관하여: 행위주체성, 성품, 죄
우리 성품에 책임을 지는 것에 관하여
성품과 자유
타자의 존재로서의 자유
우리의 죄악된 성품

4장 도중에 시작함에 관하여: 본성과 이성, 신학적 윤리학의 과제
기독교 윤리학의 과제
이성과 계시

5장 예수: 평화의 나라의 현존
예수의 윤리적 중요성
예수, 이스라엘, 그리고 하나님을 본받음
예수와 하나님 나라
부활: 용서와 평화의 나라의 수립
구원과 믿음의 윤리학

6장 섬기는 공동체: 기독교 사회윤리학
사회윤리학과 한정된 윤리학
교회가 사회윤리이다
덕의 공동체
교회의 ‘표지’
교회의 사회윤리학

7장 내러티브적 기술로서의 결의론
내러티브, 덕, 결의론
결정, 결정, 결정
결의론, 선택, 교회

8장 비극과 기쁨: 평화의 영성
아무 일도 하지 않기 위한 인내의 습득
비극과 평화로움
기쁨과 평화로움
한 가지 일을 하는 은혜에 관하여
역자 후기: 현실주의와 이상주의, 그 경계에 대하여

찾아보기
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책속에서
P.14
어떤 이들에게는 나의 입장이 어느 지점에서 상당히 보수적이고 다른 지점에서는 대단히 진보적으로 보이겠지만, 나는 그런 꼬리표에 전혀 관심이 없다. 그저 폭력적 세상에서 우리가 진리와 평화의 백성으로 살기를 원하시는 하나님의 성품에 충실하다고 내가 믿는 바를 말하기만 바랄 뿐이다. 윤리학을 고려할 때 신학은 창조와 구속에 관한 주장들에서 시작할 수 없고 하나님의 이스라엘 선택과 예수의 생애에서 출발해야 한다는 주장이 진보적인지 보수적인지는 모르겠다. 교회의 첫 번째 사회적 과제는 교회가 되는 일이고, 그러자면 인간의 모든 오만한 허세를 비판할 수 있는 공동체가 되어야 한다는 주장이 진보적인지 보수적인지도 모르겠다. 신학은 진보나 보수의 문제가 아니라 진리의 문제이다. 왜 그렇고, 어떻게 그런지 이 책이 조명해 줄 수 있기를 바란다.

P.45~46
오늘날 우리가 ‘윤리학’에 관해 많이 생각할 필요가 있다고 느끼는 것에는 올바른 요소가 분명히 있다. 하지만 관건은 우리가 생각할 필요가 있다는 것이 아니다. 모든 사회는 자체의 ‘윤리학’과 무관하게 최선의 행동법에 관한 모종의 비판적 숙고를 전개한다. 문제는 우리가 무엇에 관해서 생각해야 하느냐는 것이다. 현대윤리학은 다음과 같은 도덕적 난문제에 집중한다. 친구를 보호하기 위해 거짓말을 해야 하는가? 진실을 다 말하지 않는 것은 일종의 거짓말인가? 죽어가는 사람에게 그의 상태를 말해야 하나? 기타 등등. 이렇게 되면 ‘윤리학’이 모호한 상황과 어려운 결정에 주로 관심을 갖는 것처럼 보인다. 그런 ‘난문제’에 집중하면, 우리가 누구인지 말해 주는 신념에 비추어 생각할 때만 그런 문제들을 이해할 수 있다는 사실이 흐려진다. 우리의 가장 중요한 도덕적 확신들은 우리가 호흡하는 공기와 같다. 우리 생명이 거기에 달려 있기 때문에 알아채지 못하는 것이다. 이를테면 거짓말에 대한 우려는 우리가 진실해야 한다는 확신에서 나온다. 우리가 지금 경험하는 혼란스러운 느낌 배후에는 ‘우리가 호흡하는 공기’가 의문의 대상이 되고 있다는 사실이 놓여 있다. 우리에게 도덕적 안내자가 없어서가 아니라 오히려 너무 많아서 문제인 것 같다.

P.59
그리스도인인 우리는 평화가 우리 힘으로 성취해야 할 어떤 것이 아니라고 밤낮으로 주장해야 한다. 평화는 우리가 십자가에 못 박히신 구세주를 중심으로 하는 공동체로 존재할 때만 주어지는 하나님의 선물이다. 그 구세주는 참된 주님께 반역하는 이 세상에서 평화롭게 있는 법을 가르치신다. 하나님의 평화의 나라는 공통의 인간 도덕성을 상정함으로써가 아니라, 우리의 차이들을 두려워하지 않는 평화로운 공동체로 신실하게 살아감으로써 이루어진다.

P.65
우리는 윤리적 숙고가 파편들 사이에서 사는 모호함에서 우리를 건져줄 거라고 상정할 수 없다. 사실, 정직하고 신중한 윤리적 숙고는 파편화된 세상에서 도덕적 행위자가 겪는 더 미묘한 어려움들을 드러낼 가능성이 높다. 기독교 윤리학의 과제는 모호함을 없애는 것이 아니라 이 세상에서 살아간다는 것, 곧 확실성 없는 세상에서 진실하게 살아가는 것의 의미를 올바르게 이해하도록 돕는 것이다.

P.119
하나님의 이야기를 모르는 이들에게 그 이야기를 들려주는 것은 그리스도인들의 책임이자 특권이다. 그러나 ‘하나님의 이야기를 들려주는 것’은 문제를 너무 단순화한 표현이다. 우리는 하나님의 이야기를 전할 뿐 아니라 살아 내야 하기 때문이다. 우리는 이야기 그 자체에 반응하는 것이 아니라 다른 사람의 모습 때문에 그 이야기에 관심을 갖게 된다. 그 내러티브가 제공하는 ‘자유’는 이처럼 우리 바깥의 누군가의 형태로만 찾아오고, 다른 사람과 더불어 찾아와야 한다. 나는 타인에 의해 나 자신으로부터 깨어날 수 있는 만큼만 행위자일 수 있다.

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저자 소개
지은이: 스탠리 하우워어스
저자파일 신간알리미 신청
최근작 : <스탠리 하우어워스와의 대화>,<평화의 나라 : 예수 그리스도의 비폭력주의>,<그리스도 안에서 나이 듦에 관하여> … 총 182종 (모두보기)
<타임>지 선정 “미국 최고의 신학자” 하우어워스는 기독교 신학자이자 윤리학자이다. 미국 텍사스에서 태어나 사우스웨스턴대학교를 졸업하고, 예일대학교 신학대학원에서 신학과 윤리학을 공부하고 석사·박사학위를 받았다. 이후 어거스타나대학, 노터데임대학교를 거쳐 2013년 은퇴할 때까지 듀크대학교 신학대학원에서 가르쳤다.
하우어워스는 그리스도인의 삶의 본질을 이해하는 데 있어 덕의 중요성을 재발견하려고 노력하였고, 그 때문에 그리스도인의 존재를 이해할 때 내러티브와 함께 교회의 중요성을 강조하게 되었다. 윤리학과 정치신학으로 유명하지만, 그의 연구는 조직신학, 철학신학, 사회과학 철학, 법학, 교육, 생명윤리와 의료윤리 등과의 대화를 통해 학제 간 경계를 넘나든다. 

2001년에는 인문학 분야에서 최고의 영예로 여겨지는 영국 기포드 강연을 맡았으며, 에든버러대학교를 포함한 다수의 대학교에서 명예박사학위를 받았다.
주요 저서로 《교회됨》, 《교회의 정치학》, 《덕과 성품》, 《한나의 아이》, 《신학자의 기도》, 《십자가 위의 예수》, 윌리엄 윌리몬과 함께 쓴 《하나님의 나그네 된 백성》 등이 있다. 《교회됨》은 <크리스채너티 투데이>가 선정한 20세기 기독교 관련 100대 명저에, 그의 회고록 《한나의 아이》는 <퍼블리셔스 위클리> 2010년 종교 분야 최고의 책에 선정되기도 했다. 

덕 윤리 전통과 비폭력주의를 강조하면서 예수가 왜 그 둘의 온전한 토대가 되는지 보여 주는 《평화의 나라》는 <처치 타임즈>가 선정한 최고의 기독교 도서 100선에 꼽혔다.

기독교윤리학회Society of Christian Ethics 이사와 다수의 기독교 잡지와 정기 간행물의 편집장을 지냈다. 현재 듀크대학교 신학부 및 법학부의 길버트 로우 명예 교수로 저술과 강연 활동을 하면서, 여러 신학자의 관심과 연구 대상으로 주목받고 있다. 국내에는 마크 코피가 쓴 《스탠리 하우어워스》가 번역되어 있다.
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옮긴이: 홍종락
저자파일 신간알리미 신청
최근작 : <오리지널 에필로그>,<나니아 나라를 찾아서>,<햇살 한 숟가락> … 총 226종 (모두보기)
서울대학교에서 언어학과를 졸업하고, 한국해비타트에서 간사로 일했다. 2001년 후반부터 현재까지 아내와 한 팀을 이루어 번역가로 일하고 있으며, 번역하며 배운 내용을 자기 글로 풀어낼 궁리를 하며 산다.
저서로 《오리지널 에필로그》가 있고, 역서로는 《당신의 벗, 루이스》, 《순례자의 귀향》, 《피고석의 하나님》, 《세상의 마지막 밤》, 《개인 기도》, 《실낙원 서문》, 《오독》, 《이야기에 관하여》, 《현안》, 《영광의 무게》, 《폐기된 이미지》(이상 루이스 저서), 《C. S. 루이스와 기독교 세계로》, 《C. S. 루이스의 순전한 기독교 전기》, 《본향으로의 여정》(이상 루이스 해설서), 《C. S. LEWIS 루이스》, 《루이스와 잭》, 《루이스와 톨킨》(이상 루이스 전기), 그리고 루이스가 편집한 《조지 맥도널드 선집》과 루이스의 글을 엮어 펴낸 《C. S. 루이스, 기쁨의 하루》 등이 있다. 학생신앙운동(SFC) 총동문회에서 발행하는 〈개혁신앙〉에 ‘루이스의 문학 세계’를 연재했다. ‘2009 CTK(크리스채너티투데이 한국판) 번역가 대상’과 2014년 한국기독교출판협회 선정 ‘올해의 역자상’을 수상했다.
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출판사 제공 책소개

★ <처치 타임즈>가 선정한 최고의 기독교 도서 100선
비폭력은 기독교 윤리학을 이해하는 결정적인 요소다!

《평화의 나라》는 가장 영향력 있는 신학자 스탠리 하우어워스의 기독교 윤리학 입문서로, 그의 초기 작품에 해당한다. 저자가 도입부에서 밝히듯이, 이 책은 “교수님의 입장으로 인해 교수님이 기독교 윤리학 수업을 진행하는 방식이 어떻게 달라졌습니까?”라는 한 학부생의 질문에서부터 시작되었다. 그 질문에 대한 숙고 끝에, 기독교 윤리학을 어떻게 이해해야 하는지에 관한 그의 건설적 제안을 중심으로 강좌를 가르치기로 결심한 결과물이 이 책이다. 책의 제목은 에드워드 힉스의 그림들 <평화의 나라>에서 가져왔다.

책의 앞부분에서는 기독교 윤리학이 왜 신학의 한 방식인지 보여 주는 데 필요한 개념적 도구들을 제시한다. 저자는 기독교 윤리학의 한정된 성격(1장), 내러티브의 중요성(2장), 인간 행위주체성의 역사적 본질(3장), 인간의 죄성이라는 특성(4장)을 강조하고 나서, 예수의 윤리적 중요성(5장)을 설명한다. 

이전 저술들에서 소개한 바 있는 내러티브, 덕과 성품, 전통, 예수 생애의 중심성을 강조하면서도, 이전 저술들과는 차별적으로 비폭력주의를 강조한다. 비폭력은 기독교적 확신의 필수 요소로, 우리가 갈망하고 목말라하는 평화는 예수 그리스도의 생애, 죽음, 부활을 통해서만 결정되고 가능해진다고 주장한다. 

그러고 나서 기독교 윤리학의 필수 전제라고 할 수 있는 공동체, 곧 교회에 관해 이야기한다(6장). 그는 결의론을 세대를 뛰어넘어 하나님 나라에 충실하려 하는 백성에게 필요한 활동으로 규정하고(7장), ‘영성’에 관한 논의, 곧 비극과 기쁨에 관한 논의로 책을 마무리한다(8장).

저자는 이 책에서 그의 기독교 윤리관을 독특하게 만드는 주제들과 방법론을 전반적으로 안내한다. 윤리적 삶의 형성에서 예수의 삶과 가르침의 중요성을 강조하면서, 윤리적 합리성의 내러티브적 성격과 윤리성에 있어 역사적 공동체와 전통의 필요성을 강조한다. 하우어워스는 의사 결정과 영성의 요소로서 성품과 덕의 중요성을 체계적으로 발전시키고, 비폭력을 기독교 윤리학을 이해하는 데 결정적인 요소로 강조한다.
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인내와 소망, 등불처럼 빛나는 윤리
[탐독의 시간] 스탠리 하우어워스 <평화의 나라>(비아토르)
기자명 김영환  승인 2022.02.09 17:48 
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뒤로멈춤앞으로
들어가며: 어린이와 무지개
학부 시절 읽은 18세기 영국 시인 윌리엄 워즈워스의 '무지개'라는 시를 잊지 못합니다. 시의 화자는 무지개를 보며 가슴이 두근거리곤 했던 어린 시절을 추억하는데요. 그 결과 "어린이는 어른의 아버지"라는 유명한 시구가 남겨집니다. 무지개를 보며 두근거렸던 적이 언제였던가요. 어쩌면 무지개는 그저 '동심의 세계'에서나 향유할 수 있는 대상이었는지 모릅니다. 무지개가 상징하는 '소망'이나 '희망' 같은 말은 우리가 살아가는 현실에서 힘을 잃은 지 오래인 것 같습니다. 현실을 직시하고 각자 생존 전략을 굳건히 세우는 게 미덕인 시대에 무지개·소망·희망 따위의 꿈 같은 이야기가 다 무슨 소용일까요.



뒤로멈춤앞으로
이런 맥락에서 '세상이 (긍정적으로) 바뀔 것'이라는 기대 역시 지나치게 순진무구한 말에 불과할지 모릅니다. 스무 살에 신학교에 입학해 서른 살인 지금도 신학을 배우고 있는 제게 "지금이라도 늦지 않았으니 후회하지 말고 신학 그만두라"고 조언하는 여러 선배 목사님을 보면, 교회 상황도 별반 다르지 않은 것 같습니다. 교회와 사회를 막론하고 변화를 기대하기 어려운 오늘날, 순진무구하게도 '변화의 당위성'을 주장하는 이가 있습니다. 미국의 기독교윤리학자 스탠리 하우어워스(Stanley Hauerwas, 1940~)입니다. 하우어워스는 그리스도인이라면 '자아'가 필연적으로 변화해야 하고, 그 변화된 자아는 공동체를 이뤄 사회를 바꿔 나가는 '교회'로 존재해야만 한다고 말합니다.

'무엇을, 어떻게 해야 하는가'
질문하기 전에
하우어워스의 <평화의 나라>(비아토르)는 기독교윤리학 입문서 또는 개론서입니다(18쪽). 하지만 여느 개론서와는 사뭇 다릅니다. 해당 학과 내 다양한 분과와 연구사를 중심으로 각 학자와 이론을 요약·평가하는 것이 보통의 개론서라면 말이지요. 물론 하우어워스는 책을 시작하기에 앞서 '영향사'를 서술하기는 합니다. 칼 바르트(K. Barth)를 시작으로 니버 형제(Niebuhrs), 존 하워드 요더(J. H. Yoder)를 넘어 알래스데어 매킨타이어(A. MacIntyre)와 복음서 속 제자도, 하나님나라, 특히 베트남전쟁 등 시대적 문제까지 다양한 인물·사건·텍스트가 등장합니다. 하지만 이는 '윤리학' 혹은 '기독교윤리학'이라는 일반적인 학과의 연구사가 아닌 어느 '학자'의 계보가 되겠지요.

<평화의 나라 - 예수 그리스도의 비폭력주의> / 스탠리 하우어워스 지음 / 홍종락 옮김 / 비아토르 펴냄 / 340쪽 / 2만 원 
<평화의 나라 - 예수 그리스도의 비폭력주의> / 스탠리 하우어워스 지음 / 홍종락 옮김 / 비아토르 펴냄 / 340쪽 / 2만 원 
더욱이 하우어워스는 일반적인 관점에서의 도덕관·윤리관에 문제를 제기합니다. 흔히 '윤리학'이라고 했을때 나올 법한 "무엇을, 어떻게 해야하는가"(42~45쪽)라는 질문은 넘어갑니다. 폭력이 만연하고 파편화한 오늘날의 도덕적 문제를 다루기에는 불충분한 질문이기 때문이지요. 그래서 하우어워스는 종래의 "도덕적 신념"(44쪽)이 아닌 새로운 토대와 기초를 쌓아야 한다고 말합니다. "기독교윤리학의 관심사가 우리가 무엇을 하는지보다 우리가 누구인지에 있음을 밝혀"(98쪽)야 한다는 말도 이러한 맥락에서 이해할 수 있습니다.

하우어워스가 마련한 새로운 대안은 "기독교적 확신(신념)"(66~67쪽)입니다. 기독교적 확신(신념)이 파편화한 시대에 큰 의의를 가질 수 있는 이유는, 기독교윤리학의 과제가 "모호함을 없애는 것이 아니라 이 세상에서 살아간다는 것, 곧 확실성 없는 세상에서 진실하게 살아가는 것의 의미를 올바르게 이해하도록 돕는 것"(65쪽)이기 때문입니다. 즉 오늘날의 도덕적 문제를 풀어 가기 위해서는 모호함을 인정하는 기독교적 확신(신념) 위에 새롭게 세워진 기독교윤리학이 필요합니다. 그에 따르면 '무엇을 어떻게'에 대한 관심 이전에 '우리는 누구인가'라는 물음이 필요합니다. 이 물음의 시작이 '기독교적 확신(신념)'입니다.

기독교적 확신(신념)과
내러티브의 검증 가능성
하우어워스가 말하는 새로운 '도덕적 기초'란 단순히 ‘자연법’ 같은 종교적 맥락에서 도덕을 논하는 것 이상의 일입니다. 가령 "인간이 존엄한 까닭은 천부인권 때문"이라는 말이 그러합니다. 하우어워스는 자연법을 강조한 전통이 "도덕적 삶의 종교적 측면들을 더 높은 도덕 또는 도덕의 동기부여적 요소"로 격하했다고 평가합니다. 다시 말해 "기독교적 신념의 도덕적 힘"을 상실하게 됐다는 것입니다. 따라서 하우어워스는 하나님나라가 "공통의 인간 도덕성을 상정함으로" 이뤄지지 않는다고 말합니다. 하나님나라는 자연법과 같은 보편적·일반적 도덕을 세우는 것보다는 "차이들을 두려워하지 않는 평화로운 공동체로 신실하게 살아감으로써"(59쪽) 이룰 수 있기 때문입니다.

핵심은 '차이'를 두려워하지 않는 것입니다. 기독교적 확신(신념)의 중심부에는 생생한 '내러티브'가 있기 때문입니다. 이 내러티브는 다양한 역사적 맥락 속에서 형성된 만큼, 차이 또는 모호함을 인정할 수 있는 토대가 됩니다. 기독교적 확신(신념)을 통해서 세워진 '자아'는 변화를 추구하는 존재가 됩니다. 내러티브는 "자아를 변화"(67쪽)시키는 토대입니다.

말이 좋아 '내러티브'지 이것이 '기독교윤리학'이라는 학문의 기초가 될 수 있을지 의문을 제기하는 분도 있으리라 생각합니다. 일찍이 오귀스트 콩트(A. Conte)가 "우리는 과학 시대에 도달했으며 과학 시대에는 더 이상 이야기(신화)가 필요하지 않다고 지적"(83쪽)한 것과 마찬가지로 말이지요. 확실히 하우어워스도 이 점을 잘 알고 있습니다. 그래서 그는 신학의 "검증 가능성"(27쪽)에 대한 물음이 타당하다고 말합니다. 하지만 이와 동시에 하우어워스는 콩트가 내러티브에 제기하는 질의는 "오독"(84쪽)이라고 말합니다. 오히려 내러티브는 신학(특히 조직신학)이 받아 온 학문성 검증에 대안이 됩니다. 과학이 도전하는 것은 검증 불가능한 보편성·일반성에 대한 것이기 때문입니다.

따라서 문제는 내러티브가 아니라 내러티브를 잃어버린 짧은 교리적 언술, 거칠게 말하자면 '조직신학'이라고 볼 수 있습니다(27쪽). 그렇기에 하우어워스에게 내러티브는 신학에 제기된 '검증 가능성'에 대한 질문의 대답이자 대안입니다. 다시 말하지만, 내러티브란 어느 시대에나 적용되는 보편적(교리적) 진술이 아니기 때문입니다. 오히려 역사성을 갖고 전체의 이야기에 포함된 하나의 부분이지요. 그래서 내러티브는 역사적이며 또 한편으로는 의존적입니다.

하우어워스는 우리 인간이 "역사 바깥, 말하자면 허공에 서 있을 수 없다"(91쪽)고 말합니다. 한마디로 인간이 추구하는 객관성은 허구에 불과하다는 것이지요. 이러한 허구성을 드러내는 것이 '내러티브'입니다. 기독교적 확신(신념)의 중심에 있는 내러티브는 인간이 피조물이기에 갖는 '의존성'을 인정합니다. 따라서 인간이 추구하는 객관성은 오히려 인간의 유한성·제한성을 외면한 '오만함'이 됩니다. 이런 맥락을 따른다면 특정 교리적 진술을 탈맥락화해 객관화·일반화·보편화하는 것은 인간의 죄성을 여실히 드러내는 대표적인 '오만함'의 예가 될 수 있습니다.

그렇기 때문에 하우어워스는 내러티브가 '한정적'이라고 말합니다. 하우어워스가 기존의 윤리학적 논의(목적론·의무론)를 넘어 '내러티브'를 바라보라고 말하는 까닭입니다. 당장 어떠한 객관적 기준 또는 원리에 따라 선택을 내리기 이전에 인간의 오만한 현실을 인지해야 새로운 차원의 '변화'를 도모할 수 있기 때문입니다. 그런 의미에서 하우어워스는 "윤리학의 주된 관심사는 규칙과 원칙이 아니라, 자아가 어떻게 변화되어야 세상을 참되게 볼 수 있느냐에 있다"(97쪽)고 말합니다.

참 길었는데요. 여기까지가 하우워스가 제시하는 '변화 가능성'의 토대입니다. 이렇게 길게 기독교적 확신과 내러티브를 소개한 이유는 이 기초 위에 세워질 건물 때문입니다. 웬만한 기초가 아니고서는 감당하기 어려운 건물입니다.

스탠리 하우어워스(Stanley Hauerwas, 1940~). 사진 출처 플리커
스탠리 하우어워스(Stanley Hauerwas, 1940~). 사진 출처 플리커
내러티브가 가리키는
예수와 평화의 나라
"기독교윤리학의 한정된 성격, 내러티브의 중요성, 인간 행위주체성의 역사적 본질, 우리 죄악됨의 특성을 강조한 것은 예수의 생애, 죽음, 부활의 도덕적 의미를 이해하도록 도와줄 틀을 확립하려는 시도였다." (168쪽)

'미안하다. 이거 보여 주려고 어그로 끌었다'까지는 아니지만 실제로 하우어워스는 다음과 같이 말합니다. "지금까지 내가 이 책에서 한 모든 일은 이번 장을 위한 준비 작업이었다."(168쪽) 내러티브에 의해 세워진 기독교적 확신(신념)은 '하나의 규칙', '일반적인 원칙'이라는 인간의 오만함을 깨닫게 함으로 '변화'를 촉구합니다. 그 변화의 방향성이 바로 예수입니다. 엄밀하게 말하자면 복음서 속 예수의 내러티브와 그 예수가 가리키는 하나님나라입니다(185.쪽) 복음서 속 예수는 하나님나라를 미래적 차원으로만 전하지 않으셨습니다. 그분은 오히려 하나님나라를 "현재의 실제로 선포"(185쪽)하셨지요. 하나님나라가 현실이라는 것은 '가능성'의 문제와 연결됩니다. 즉 하나의 이상, 미래와 도래한 현실로 이해하는 것은 '변화 가능성'에 있어 큰 차이를 갖습니다.

그렇다면 '현재의 실제'인 하나님나라가 가리키는 것은 무엇일까요. 바로 '비폭력'입니다. 예수의 죽음은 폭력과 오만 그 자체인 세상에서 예상 가능한 결과였습니다(194쪽). 폭력과 오만의 결과인 죽음에 맞선 것이 부활이며, 부활은 생명에 대한 보호이자 비폭력을 의미합니다(196쪽). 즉 변화된 한 개인이, 부활을 경험하며 추구해야할 것은 죽음이 아닌 생명(비폭력)을 추구하는 것입니다. 하우어워스는 이를 위해 자아가 끊임없이 성장해야 한다고 말합니다. 여기서 다시 한번 '자아의 변화'를' 강조하는 것은 하우어워스가 줄곧 말해 온 맥락과 유사하게 "개별적 행동들의 성화가 아니라 자아가 비폭력적으로 성화되는 것"(207쪽)을 중요시하기 때문입니다. 그리스도인의 자아는 예수의 내러티브로 재형성되며, 그 결과 예수가 보여 준 '비폭력'을 지향할 수밖에 없습니다.

교회, 비극을 흡수하는 공동체
그리스도인에게 공동체와 교회가 필요한 이유는 변화한 자아가 실제로서의 하나님나라와 비폭력주의를 추구하더라도 아직 그 나라는 오지 않았기 때문입니다. 실제성을 연료 삼아 온전한 하나님나라의 성취를 갈망하기 위해서는 끊임없이 '인내'해야 하는데, 이를 위해서는 교회가 필요합니다. 우리가 품은 소망에 인내가 없다면, 교회가 없다면 우리는 "너무나 쉽게 광신주의나 냉소주의로"(222쪽) 바뀔 수 있습니다. 그래서 그리스도인에게 교회는 선택이 아닌 필수입니다. 하우어워스는 교회를 다음과 같이 표현합니다.

"하지만 그런 삶이 유지되려면 공동체가 있어야 한다. 그것도 하나님이 빚으셔서 자기기만과 폭력으로 끊임없이 기우는 우리의 성향을 계속 제어할 수 있는 공동체가 있어야 한다. 라인홀드 니버가 말한 대로, 평화로움이 자라기 위해서는 다른 이들에게 그에 따르는 필연적 비극의 부담을 지우지 않으면서 그 비극을 흡수할 수 있는 공동체가 있어야 한다." (292쪽)

변화한 개인이 끊임없이 '평화의 나라'를 소망하며 변화를 추구할 수 있는 이유는 교회가 비극을 품어주는 공동체이기 때문입니다. 교회는 변화된 자아가 모여 비폭력성을 닦아 가는 곳이자, 세상에서 평화로움을 추구할 때 생기는 여러 부담과 비극을 흡수하는 곳입니다. 비록 오늘날 우리의 현실은 이렇지 않더라도 하우어워스가 제안하는 교회는 세상의 대안이자 대척점으로 "세상이 자신의 모습을 이해하도록 돕는"(217쪽) 역할을 수행합니다.


나가며: 우리는 소망할 수 있을까
어떤 분은 하우어워스를 통해 그리스도 중심의 내러티브를, 또 다른 분은 근대성에 대한 비판을 만나게 되시리라 생각합니다. 이 책에 대한 반응도 가지각색이지 않을까 싶습니다. '신앙고백적'으로 보이는 문장들에서 은혜를 받을 수도 있고, '모호함'과 '차이'에 대한 강조에서 다소 진보적인(?) 통찰을 받을 수도 있을 겁니다. 하우어워스도 이 점을 알고 "어느 지점에서 상당히 보수적이고 다른 지점에서는 대단히 진보적으로"(24쪽) 보일 수 있다는 이야기를 합니다. 하지만 보수와 진보를 떠나 하우어워스가 말하고자 하는 바는 분명합니다.

"십자가에 못 박힌 하나님이 중심이 되는 전통을 섬길 때, 우리의 상상력에 가해지는 지속적 도전을 피하기란 불가능하다." (24쪽)

하우어워스의 이야기를 들으며 '좋은데, 너무 현실과는 동떨어진 것 아닐까' 하는 생각이 들기도 합니다. 동시에 윌리엄 워즈워스의 '무지개'를 떠올려 봅니다. 나이가 들어 눈이 침침해지고 하늘을 올려다보기보다는 발등을 내려다보는 게 더 편해졌다면, 그래서 더 이상 무지개에 두근거리지 않는다면, 그것이 우리의 거부할 수 없는 현실이라고 인정해 버린다면 우리는 예수님의 다음 말씀을 상기해 볼 필요가 있습니다.

"내가 진실로 너희에게 이르노니 누구든지 하나님의 나라를 어린아이와 같이 받들지 않는 자는 결단코 그 곳에 들어가지 못하리라 하시고" (마가복음 10장 15절)

무지개를 바라보는 어린아이가 되는 것, 현실주의의 유혹 속에서도 상상력을 품고 살아가는 것, 변화의 가능성을 붙잡고 '모호함' 속에서 새로운 길을 모색하는 것은 결코 쉽지 않은 일입니다. 그래서 하우어워스는 인내와 소망을 한 쌍으로 제시합니다. 소망을 품는 일에는 인내가 수반되기 때문이지요. 하우어워스는 확실히 이야기합니다. 우리 그리스도인들은 인내와 소망 위에서 "등불처럼 빛나는 윤리를 가진 사람"(99쪽)이 될 수 있고, 또 되어야 한다고 말입니다.

김영환 / 스물 다섯에 죽어서 여든에 묻힌다는 말이 크리티컬하게 다가오는, 이제 막 서른이 된 전도사.

===

The Peaceable Kingdom: A Primer in Christian Ethics Kindle Edition
by Stanley Hauerwas (Author) Format: Kindle Edition

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Stanley Hauerwas presents an overall introduction to the themes and method that have distinguished his vision of Christian ethics. Emphasizing the significance of Jesus’ life and teaching in shaping moral life, The Peaceable Kingdom stresses the narrative character of moral rationality and the necessity of a historic community and tradition for morality. Hauerwas systematically develops the importance of character and virtue as elements of decision making and spirituality and stresses nonviolence as critical for shaping our understanding of Christian ethics.

208 pages

Editorial Reviews
Review
“Hauerwas has written a deeply challenging book that anyone seriously concerned with the authenticity of Christian ethics must read.” ―Christian Century --This text refers to an alternate kindle_edition edition.
About the Author
Stanley Hauerwas is Gilbert T. Rowe Professor of Theological Ethics at Duke University. He is the author of numerous books, including Christians among the Virtues, In Good Company, Suffering Presence, Character and the Christian Life, and A Community of Character: Toward a Constructive Christian Social Ethic (all published by the University of Notre Dame Press), the latter selected by Christianity Today as one of the 100 most important books on religion of the twentieth century. All are published by the University of Notre Dame Press. --This text refers to an alternate kindle_edition edition.
Review
“Hauerwas has written a deeply challenging book that anyone seriously concerned with the authenticity of Christian ethics must read.” ―Christian Century --This text refers to an alternate kindle_edition edition.

Print length ‏ : ‎ 208 pages

Customer Reviews: 4.3 out of 5 stars 52 ratings

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Tyler
5.0 out of 5 stars Christian Ethics for Christians
Reviewed in the United States on February 18, 2006
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Stanley Hauerwas is without a doubt one of the most influential theologians if not the most influential of the contemporary theological milieu. The Peaceable Kingdom, is an excellent starting point for those wanting to dive into Hauerwas. This is one of his earlier works and written at an accessible level. Much of what he says is restated in his immensely popular work co-authored with William Willimon in Resident Aliens, which is a must read as well. Hauerwas's engagement with such a variety of disciplines provides a profound work on what it means to be a Christian. His most noticeable influences being Karl Barth, John Howard Yoder, Alasdair MacIntyre, and Ludwig Wittgenstein among others (see xix). Whether or not you agree with Hauerwas you have to engage him. His writing is exceptionally readable and spiritually challenging. If you're not a Christian his work won't make sense, that's part of the point. If you are a Christian after reading this book you will pray.
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Neeta Blair
5.0 out of 5 stars One of My Greatest Finds
Reviewed in the United States on December 23, 2014
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This book gave me the nudge I needed to develop processes to exercise the power of conscious storytelling. I purchased this book in 2013 for a course I was taking and while I utilized the entire book as a major resource for my assignments, I became enthralled with the idea of God's cover story. This led to research into the idea of cover stories we as humans commonly apply in shaping our experiences. As I made my inquiries, I found ways to help individuals examine their stories to see how they were unwittingly impacting their neurobiology and devised a means by which to consciously rewire their brains. This feature of the cover story was so exciting and so expansive. One of my greatest finds.
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George Thompson
5.0 out of 5 stars Jesus Was a Pacifist
Reviewed in the United States on December 10, 2013
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Jesus was a pacifist. This is an embarrassment to most Christians but is a beginning place for Christian theology in the thinking of Stanley Hauerwas. This Christian classic should jump off the shelf with relevance in a world that desperately needs local faith communities of peace and small groups of disciples that are magnets of hope in a culture of violence. -- George Thompson
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Chris11
4.0 out of 5 stars .
Reviewed in the United States on October 26, 2010
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Enjoyed the book. I went into with a hunch that I would already agree with most of it, but it did present some new and compelling ideas. I specifically enjoyed his critique of our culture's tendency to view independence, autonomy, and individual freedom as the ultimate goal of human life. Also in classic Hauerwas style, he was always sure to emphasize the importance of narrative for ethics.


It was a good "warm-up"/introduction in the field of Christian ethics. I would also warn those conservative war supporting evangelicals out there to go into with an open mind as Hauerwas places non-violence as being central to Christian ethics.
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MKMM
4.0 out of 5 stars Great intro to Hauerwas
Reviewed in the United States on April 2, 2014
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Hauerwas is an expert in Christian Ethics and this book is one of the most influential books in that field. This is an accessible read that provides a great introduction to peaceableness and pacifism.
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PAD
5.0 out of 5 stars Christian Ethics on point
Reviewed in the United States on December 2, 2015
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Good book and very precise information. It made me think
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Jackie Cook
4.0 out of 5 stars widening knowledge
Reviewed in the United States on March 18, 2014
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it is well written and enables the reader to broaden the debate on ethics. Whilst I do not agree with all that Hauerwas says he does at least allow the reader the opportunity to think and question their own ethical stance.
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Vincent Harris
1.0 out of 5 stars One Star
Reviewed in the United States on December 7, 2017
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Hard to read
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Breconmary
5.0 out of 5 stars USeful
Reviewed in the United Kingdom on March 30, 2014
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Bought as a reference book for my daughter at 'vicar school' this was on her reading list and proved very useful.
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David Cherry
5.0 out of 5 stars Five Stars
Reviewed in the United Kingdom on September 30, 2016
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I wish I had read it when it first came out my sermons would have been that much better
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MR S J TOMLIN
5.0 out of 5 stars Very fast
Reviewed in the United Kingdom on June 6, 2019
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Great thanks!
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V. Miles
4.0 out of 5 stars Enlightening Perspective
Reviewed in Canada on June 9, 2020
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I found the book to be enlightening overall but did not find it to offer a definitively convincing argument for a theology of non-violence. It felt like steps were missing on the route to the conclusion.
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===

The Peaceable Kingdom: A Primer In Christian Ethics
Want to Read

by Stanley Hauerwas

4.16 · Rating details · 655 ratings · 33 reviews
Stanley Hauerwas presents an overall introduction to the themes and method that have distinguished his vision of Christian ethics. Emphasizing the significance of Jesus’ life and teaching in shaping moral life, The Peaceable Kingdom stresses the narrative character of moral rationality and the necessity of a historic community and tradition for morality. Hauerwas systematically develops the importance of character and virtue as elements of decision making and spirituality and stresses nonviolence as critical for shaping our understanding of Christian e

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Ian Caveny
May 23, 2017Ian Caveny rated it it was amazing
Shelves: theology
Stanley Hauerwas writes with that stubborn formal-informality that immediately signifies a serious and radical academic mind-at-work. What begins as a promise of a fresh take of Christian ethics delivers far more, overturning every concept of morality - Christian and secular - that has been proposed for the past centuries, with not a glance to classical ethics nor a moment to spare for Immanuel Kant's Enlightenment project.


The result is an atomic bomb on the entire world of ethics. No, Hauerwas' nonviolence would bemoan such an appellation; the better metaphor would be an earthquake.


One has the feeling that Hauerwas is taking the room in which one stands and turning it upside down, only for you to realize that you've been standing on he ceiling the entire time: he is that convincing, and he writes with such a well-informed conviction on the values of Christ and His Kingdom.


The sixth and seventh chapters are particularly replete with wisdom and theological interventions, but the book as a whole unworks so many uncritical presuppositions we assume regarding ethics, violence, and Christian morality that it would be dizzying to read too quickly. A chapter a day is a fine pace.


Most compelling is how Hauerwas establishes a firm, narrow, and provocative Christian ethic that takes no prisoners, gives no ground, and demands nothing less than the values of the Kingdom. It is a Puritan (in the good sense) vision that nonetheless has the palpability of communal Christian life, the pragmatism of Christian hospitality, and commitment to God's Kingdom purposes.


It is a masterwork of the field, and entirely swallows the postmodern ethical quandaries by redescribing the "quandary" itself as a product of modernity. Hauerwas' narrative theology does the work that do many (secretly) modernist evangelical works have not the power to accomplish. In this one stroke, he deconstructs ethics and constructs (vividly) a thorough description of Christian ethics. It is brilliant. (less)
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Spencer
Sep 19, 2016Spencer rated it really liked it
I supervised a course on Christian Ethics at Thorneloe University, and I read this as part of my ongoing reflection about Christian ethics.


Hauerwas often does not say anything original. Much of what he says presupposes Yoder, MacIntyre, and others. Hauerwas, however, distinguished himself because of his ability to communicate difficult concepts succinctly and beautifully. In this little primer, he hits key topics (freedom, character, nature, grace, etc.) leading into Jesus and the church with a level of depth and brevity that reveals his mastery of the material. No comprehensive account of Christian ethics is intended here in this 150 page book (indeed if he did, it would be so cursory and dry it would be worthless), but he hits the major issues in just the right way to give a person a "primer."


There are things that the primer does not deal or insufficiently deals with. I really liked what he said about character and agency, but I still wanted him to say more about the nature of free will. I think the power of narrative is true as well, but that leads any evangelical to think: What about the narratives of the Old Testament that seem morally regressive? Hauerwas did not seem interested in offering a hermeneutic of Scripture for Christian ethics that I think would be essential to a primer. (less)
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Abby
Nov 06, 2020Abby rated it really liked it
Shelves: christianity, nonfiction
“The nature of Christian ethics is determined by the fact that Christian convictions take the form of a story, or perhaps better, a set of stories that constitutes a tradition, which in turn creates and forms a community. Christian ethics does not begin by emphasizing rules or principles, but by calling our attention to a narrative that tells of God’s dealing with creation. To be sure, it is a complex story with many different subplots and digressions, but it is crucial for us at this point in the book to see that it is not accidentally a narrative.”




Unflinching and clear. Just the kind of primer I had been looking for. (less)
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William
Feb 19, 2017William rated it really liked it
Shelves: theology, ethics
This is a good primer on Christian ethics. Hauerwas doesn't present much that's original. He seems mostly to be presenting and building on the work of Alisdair MacIntyre and John Howard Yoder. It's a 150 page primer, so Hauerwas doesn't go into much detail, but he hits the high points pretty well. I particularly appreciate his thoughts on the importance of narrative and community and the way the Church *is* an ethic rather than the place where ethics are worked out in the abstract. (less)
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Nate Pequette
Feb 07, 2020Nate Pequette rated it it was amazing
Hauerwas continues to be one who speaks to the church in powerful ways especially in this season of our country and life. He helps keep me sane. Christian ethics is not just a list of does and don'ts or a game of "what would I do if..?"...Christian ethics is more about who we are and what narrative we are choosing to live in. As Christians, we are living in the story of the God of Israel and Jesus' life, death, and resurrection. And it is a community living in this story that forms us, which has to be a community of peace. He says the number one Christian ethic is patience. Like Jesus who went to the cross and died by the hands of those who were against him, the empire, we must not use violence to stop injustice. We just live into being places of living out what justice looks like in the story of Jesus death and resurrection. We need to have the imagination and trust that God uses this kind of community to work out justice in the world. We often don't have the patience to watch the crucifixion, we try to stop it no matter what the cost. But without that, we don't get the resurrection. Do we actually believe in this story and this God? Lord in our day today, help my unbelief and help us, your church, to live in your story. (less)
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Patrick
Apr 13, 2007Patrick rated it it was amazing
Shelves: philosophy-theology
This is an early work of Hauerwas' (early 80s) which draws heavily from the moral philosophy of Alisdair MacIntyre and the social ethics of John Howard Yoder. Here, he depicts the task of Christian ethics in terms of the particularity of the community of faith, moving away from foundationalst axioms/universals/etc. and toward a communal understanding of the "good" and the "true". While this certainly leaves the reader feeling quite uneasy, I can't help but resonate with Hauerwas' thoughts. He wants to say (and, I think, rightly so) that "goodness" is a contingent category. That is to say, we cannot understand goodness as an ideal set of right or wrong actions, positions, etc. that universally appeals to the consciences of all people. Instead, he argues that the Church is the community wherein right knowing and true goodness can exist, not by virtue of its superior rationality, but instead by virtue of its association with the Truth, that is Jesus. Goodness is not a category that makes sense outside of the Church's accordance with the Triune God manifest in the life of Christ. It is a relational, communal set of virtues.


Readers may be frustrated by the lack of clear lines of argumentation, namely because this book is a presentation of his position rather than a thorough defence of it. As such, Hauerwas' emphasis on peaceableness as the governing virtue of the Church or the unsubstantiated appeals to narrative left me feeling like I really needed to sit down with him to hash out these ideas. (less)
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Steve Irby
Jul 03, 2021Steve Irby rated it really liked it
Shelves: 2020
Quarantine-Book #51:


I just finished "The Peaceable Kingdom: A Primer in Christian Ethics," by Stanley Hauerwas.


I've been sold on Hauerwas since "Resident Aliens."


Hauerwas does something I've seen only a few do: he gives a background review of the people who influenced his thought and how. Mainly he speaks to how Yoder challenged him to take the life--not just death and resurrection--of Jesus serious.


"And the less sure we are of the reasons of our beliefs, the more dogmatically we hold to themas our only still point in a morally chaotic world," p 5.


"Christianity is defended not so much because it is true, but because it reinforces the 'American way of life'," p 12.


"A 'truth' that must use violence to see its existence cannot be truth," p 15.


Basic information in the first chapter is that there is no unqualified ethic; an ethic demands a qualifier. The following chapter demands that this qualifier be "Christian." The qualifier is the narrative which encompasses "ethic."


Christian ethics is not primarily about thou shall and thou shall nots but rather about how to properly envision the world. We require a story and if we doubt the story we can doubt the thou shall and thou shall nots.


We become a citizen of the Kingdom in God's history upon salvation and the ethic of this is less about what one does than who one is, or the doing and being should be the natural reflection of the church. Our being which drives our doing is found in the narrative of our story: the life and death of Jesus. The being > doing is simple and provocative if one thinks on it. The story of God is not simply told; we've messed that up. One assumes the Jesus Narrative and lives into that as witness to the world and uses words, but the story lived into (being) preceed the spoken story (doing).


Hauerwas says that ethics are dependent on context and tradition. I think I'm tracking with him. Just as we shouldn't separate theology (doctrine) and ethics, and every tradition and context ends up with different doctrine then we can expect the ethic to change. (Thinking about the view of tobacco use in Westcoast churches and the view of alcohol use in Southern churches.)


Hauerwas speaking on rights is so me: basically if many see a universal right as the highest good but some are too obtuse to get on board then they should be forced to get on board. This forced egalitarianism is antithetical to peace. Waiting to see if he goes so far as "all rights are negative." I doubt he will.


Within three pages of the halfway point he ends with the philosophical framework for a Jesus ethic and begins on the Jesus ethic. Admittedly too because if its not framed right then holes can be imagined so that one thinks the Jesus ethic not bind them. And it is just here that Hauerwas' writers voice changes from shoring up his ethical methodology (which is quite dry) to writing about his King beautifully.


"Without the resurrection our concentration on Jesus would be idolatry, but without Jesus' life we would not know what kind of God it is who has raised Him from the dead," p 79.


This second half of the book is a thing of beauty which should have forced the subtitle to have "Nonviolence" in it, though that is a shame because "Christian" should be known as nonviolent. Hauerwas pulls a good deal from Yoder and it ends up being a wonderful work. Read this.


#StanleyHauerwas #Hauerwas #ThePeaceableKingdom #ChristianEthics #KingdomEthics #Ethics (less)
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Austin Mathews
Oct 19, 2019Austin Mathews rated it it was amazing
Shelves: favorites, ministry-bookshelf, peace-theology
"The task of the Christian people is not to seek to control history, but to be faithful to the mode of life of the peaceable kingdom." (106)


Stanley Hauerwas frames the study of ethics in light of its qualifier; in Christian ethics, 'Christian' determines the way of life. A Christian ought to be shaped and influenced by the Christian narrative, the story and witness of Israel and the church. The Christian must not ask "What do I do?" but "What is going on?" The Christian ought not to use 'effectiveness' as the aim of the ethical life, but instead faithfulness to God. And as Hauerwas argues, the central nature of God is nonviolence.


Thus faithfulness to God (rather than 'accomplishing' and 'controlling') is the Christian ethic, and nonviolence is a way of being in the present, unfulfilled peaceable kingdom. Being Christian means finding alternatives to violence. It means challenging our practices in light of our story ('casuistry'). It means imagining an adventurous world of the Other, the stranger God, where violence is never a lesser evil. Hauerwas does not shy away from detractors' most common arguments against the 'irrationality' and 'irresponsibility' of nonviolence as a lifestyle, and through brilliant turns of intellect he convinced me that nonviolence is the way of the Lord, because God rules the world on the cross. Such peace disrupts the world's normative violence, and provokes further violences upon us and our loved ones; yet this only motivates us to serve and care for the victims of our ever-violent world. Knowing that it is not our mission to change the world, but simply to testify to a loving God, we gain the freedom to wait and the joy of realizing that life itself is not inherently defective, but rather our human proclivity to sinfulness. The kingdom is one of radical peace, not one that waits for a better tomorrow or forces an idealistic utopia, but challenges violence as a possibility with peace as a necessity born out of the life, death, and resurrection of Jesus Christ. (less)
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Amy
Dec 16, 2020Amy rated it really liked it
As other reviewers have noted, this book takes flight beginning in Chapter 5, when Hauerwas begins to focus on the life, death, and resurrection of Jesus as the fulcrum of his explication of Christian ethics. "Christian ethics is not first of all an ethics of principles, laws, or values," he writes, "but an ethic that demands we attend to the life of a particular individual—Jesus of Nazareth." To be like Jesus means that we must commit to nonviolence, refusing to treat power and coercion as necessary means to a better end.


I find Hauerwas's description of a follower of Jesus both exciting and challenging because I often feel so far from it in my life. "Jesus proclaims peace as a real alternative," he writes, "because he has made it possible to rest—to have the confidence that our lives are in God's hands." Hauerwas repeatedly calls on Christians to give up the illusion of control that is both alluring and destructive.


I am a writer and a journalist, one who loves narrative and storytelling. Hauerwas's centering of the story of our lives as told by our Christian community strikes the right chords for me. Still, having first read his memoir "Hannah's Child," which detailed his difficult first marriage to a woman who had extreme mental illness, I couldn't help but wonder if Hauerwas's experiences colored his perception that we are, and should be, defined by others, and that there is little clear distinction between what we choose to do and what happens to us. "I am free just to the extent that I can trust others to stand over against me and call my own 'achievements' into question," he writes. This sounds so much like an echo of his description of how his first wife belittled his work that it makes me feel uncomfortable that it becomes for Hauerwas a universal precept. The risk of relationship and community—set against its potentially great rewards—is always that we become defined by others in ways that are untrustworthy.


I find it difficult to read Hauerwas without having a grounding in the other theologians he frequently cites, and I might get more out of his work if I spent more time with the Niebuhrs (both Reinhold and Richard) and John Howard Yoder. Still, since this book is meant to be "a primer in Christian ethics," it would be helpful if more of the analysis could stand on its own. (less)
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Jonathan
Mar 02, 2021Jonathan rated it really liked it · review of another edition
Shelves: theology, christian-spirituality-living, ethics
Not since I read The Divine Conspiracy: Rediscovering Our Hidden Life in God have I read a book so simultaneously intellectually and spiritually/practically (for lack of a better phrase) challenging. Although his discussion carries with it great depth in an academic vein, Hauerwas never hovers too far above the earthy reality of the Church that concretely manifests itself in “budgets, buildings, parking lots and potluck dinners” (p. 107). His refusal to separate theology, ethics and spirituality made for a truly edifying (if demanding) read. Hauerwas has challenged me in my own understanding of ecclesiology, the necessity of non-violence, and having a holistic vision of theological reflection that impacts the life of the Church. (less)
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Joey
Oct 20, 2017Joey rated it it was amazing
Shelves: two-thousand-and-seventeen
Loved this book. True, I spent the first 50 pages with google in hand, looking up every other word. However, once I got a feel for the vocabulary, and Hauerwas' argument started coming together, I was hooked. In a nutshell, this book is about letting go, realizing that control is an illusion and that virtually every conflict in our lives comes when something or someone threatens our illusion of control and we struggle to restore it. This books speaks about choosing to embrace your place in the Christian narrative and is saturated with scripture encouraging community, selflessness, and being joyful in the midsts of life's surprises. I know it is easy to celebrate a book that reaffirms your own leanings, but I can assure you that this book challenged me in so many ways, and the time it took me to parse through the big words was so very worth it. (less)
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Nathan
Mar 08, 2019Nathan rated it really liked it
As I worked through this title, it felt a bit overwhelming with the amount of foundation Hauerwas laid before really digging in. That said, I really appreciated the back half of the book. Concepts like Jesus as the not merely the shining example of virtue but the physical embodiment of God & the true nature of nonviolence being sourced with the heart rather than the action abound here. While these may be taken for granted in circles where this book may be considered, I found Hauerwas' process for arriving at such positions helpful. It has certainly prompted more thought & prayer around the "why" behind active/passive moral, political, & spiritual decisions. (less)
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Daniel Crouch
Aug 22, 2020Daniel Crouch rated it really liked it
Not much of a primer, but The Peaceable Kingdom provides a rich introduction to Hauerwas’s theology and postliberalism in general. Its most resonate discussions include an explanation of the shortcomings of conservative and liberal discourse, the narrative and communal underpinnings to character building, the role of revelation in understanding the kingdom, and the acknowledgement of tragedy needed to live out a nonviolent life.
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Victoria
Jun 09, 2020Victoria rated it really liked it · review of another edition
Enlightening Perspective


I found the book to be enlightening overall but did not find it to offer a definitively convincing argument for a theology of non-violence. It felt like steps were missing on the route to the conclusion.
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Imogen
Aug 04, 2010Imogen rated it it was amazing
Shelves: favourites, theology
This book is a huge influence on my ethical thinking and general theological approach and really one of those things that one should not be able to escape a more than cursory education on Christianity without reading. Hauerwas lays out a concise, powerful case for a commitment to absolute non-violence and is refreshing for a theologian in being eminently clear and readable.


Hauerwas takes a brief but reasonably thorough tour through the history of Christian ethical thought and the various philosophical approaches underlying it to come round to his proposition that rather than being either truly situational or deontological, a proper Christian ethic is narrative, in that it sees ethics as not being a matter of rules and decisions but of the kind of person we are and the life of the community in which we situate ourselves. He sets this firmly against a Biblical backdrop and particularly that of the Gospels- I won't get all Biblical scholar on this and expand on his point as much as I am often wont to, but the purpose of the Gospels is that it is the story of Jesus we need, not just disjointed soundbites and grandiose theological reflections on his death and resurrection.


It is in such context that he argues that the kind of people Christians are called to be are people who are opposed to any and all kinds of violence, and who refuse to appropriate violence for short-term ends, because to be a Christian is to know that it is not our job to "make the world come out right". This is not to say that Christian peaceableness is merely sitting on our hands- rather, a commitment to non-violence means recognising that, in our sin and our violent culture, we are all deeply prone to violence and need to go out of our way to dig the seeds of it out of our hearts in radical acts of peace. However, there is no situation in which it is "in character" for Christian people to be soldiers rather than martyrs, to dehumanise others in being violent towards them and so belie our declaration that God's love is wholly indiscriminate and that the universe is not inclined towards death but resurrection.


The book is, however, not without its problems. Nearly three decades after its publication it does show its age more than a little, not least in the angle of its address towards USAmericans facing down global nuclear war under the Reagan presidency. The real failure within Hauerwas's argument might also be attributable to age, but it is still far from excusable: essentially, it is extraordinarily problematic to cry peace from a position of privilege which makes one much less likely to be a victim of our society's most pervasive forms of violence. Hauerwas is a white, middle class, able-bodied man, who I believe is in a heterosexual marriage, and he makes no attempt in The Peaceable Kingdom to address this this undeniable and inherent problem in his position.


Actually, the reverse is quite true- his discussion of abortion bothered me the first time I read the book, but perhaps even more so now. It is truly worrying to find such an influential book baldly state such blatant untruths as "societies which prohibit abortion do so out of a commitment to their children". I think he would find with a little basic research and, uh, thought that the opposite is true- that such societies value children about as much as the women who "incubate" them, that both are objects and property used violently by a pervasive and hegemonic system of patriarchy.


The question of abortion also leads onto another difficulty implicitly raised by but not even touched upon within the book- what do we actually mean by "violence"? His oft-cited example of nuclear weaponry is obviously clear-cut, and one could draw many more from current global events, but given his insistence on the need for what one might call "micro-peaceableness"- that is, a commitment to peaceful relationships on the most minor scales by Christian communities- one has to ask where the line must be drawn. It would obviously be violent for me to punch Professor Hauerwas in the face, but what if I were to sharply interrupt him and dress him down for his display of gender privilege? May we be more "violent" with our language than we are otherwise? What about situations where one can legitimately argue that there is no alternative that is not violent- abortion is perhaps a pertinent example here, since any other situation in which a person might be forced through months of increasing pain and discomfort culminating in a life-threatening physical ordeal would absolutely be considered violent.


Essentially this is an immensely valuable book, and still terrifically pertinent as those who would appropriate and blaspheme the gospel for nationalist and militaristic ends seem only to multiply, but it is not without its problems. I appreciate that many of the issues I've raised go beyond Hauerwas's stated remit of "a primer in Christian ethics", but it does not to any harm to the clarity and precision of one's argument to acknowledge that the matters discussed go further and wider than can be encompassed in a single book. (less)
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John Shelton
Jan 20, 2018John Shelton rated it really liked it
While Hauerwas is at his best in the essay (“A Community of Character” is my favorite collection), this is nevertheless a strong monograph with much worth mulling over.
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Van Jones
Oct 07, 2019Van Jones rated it it was amazing
Hard for me to read. Full of great at references.
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Parker Friesen
Apr 18, 2022Parker Friesen rated it it was amazing
Read it for a paper, and unfortunately had to read through quite quickly. Nonetheless it was an excellent book which I will undoubtedly return to for a closer read.
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Harry Allagree
Jul 17, 2016Harry Allagree rated it liked it
Two statements in this book, published in 1983, state the basic question which Stanley Hauerwas addresses. "Who will help me decide what to do?" (From the Foreward by David B. Burrell, CSC) and "As H. Richard Niebuhr noted [re: catastrophic events in the country & the world], we can pass regulations, write our congressmen, but the frustrating thing is that there seems nothing constructive we can do. And the question becomes what are we to make of our lack of constructive activity and what kind of people must we be not to let our inactivity corrupt us into accepting the world and its violence as normal..." (p. 141)


Written from an entirely Christian ethical viewpoint, Hauerwas suggests as part of the answer to the basic question learning "to locate our lives within God's life, within the journey that comprises his [peaceable] kingdom." This, he says, "involves nothing less that learning to be like God." And that learning comes from living as Jesus did. He says that early Christians became followers of Jesus because they "rightly saw that what Jesus came to proclaim, the kingdom of God as a present and future reality, could be grasped only by recognizing how Jesus exemplified in his life the standards of that kingdom."


Hauerwas outlines how this is best developed in relations with other persons [for him, primarily the Church] & bears the fruit of peace as the result of patience and hope, & learning to forgive others in a context of radical truthfulness which helps one shed one's personal illusions.


This is, unfortunately, very bare-bones summary of Hauerwas' richly amplified explanation of his thesis. Interestingly, the book grew out of a question he was asked by an undergraduate at a lecture/seminar in Arkansas, about what difference his position made for how he taught his courses in Christian ethics. (less)
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Tony Seel
Feb 20, 2017Tony Seel rated it really liked it
This is a good place to start with Hauerwas. His ethics are clearly laid out in this work.
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Trevor
Aug 27, 2010Trevor rated it liked it
Shelves: 2011
Hauerwas sees ethics not as a universal grouping of rules to be followed by all people in all places at all times. Nor does he see ethics as guidance for decisions to be made in a pinch ("quandry ethics"). He sees ethics as particular ways of learning, belonging, and becoming in the midst of (and in accordance with) the narrative-shaped communities in which we live, move, and have our being.


I like what he says about the particularity of Christian ethics (a subject that is explained at a more popular level in his book Resident Aliens, whick he co-authored with William Willimon). He draws on the thinking of John Howard Yoder and critiques the conclusions of Reinhold Niebuhr, while presenting his own position of active non-violence in the way modeled by Jesus. What else would be proper for the followers of the one who was crucified?


Of course, the energy and ability to take on such a call (and to live such a life) is the Christian eschatological hope of resurrection. Therefore, it's assumed those who don't have this particular hope will not inclined to practice this particular brand of ethics which are rooted in this particular hope.


That makes sense to me, but, in the end, I'm not sure how well it accounts for the multi-cultural world we have. Lots to think about here.


Note: Samuel Wells' book called Improv: The Drama of Christian Ethics draws on some of the same themes as Hauerwas introduces in this book. (less)
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Stephanie
Jan 12, 2010Stephanie added it · review of another edition
We read everything but part of the introduction. I don't know how to rate this textbook ... our professor made the content much more understandable than Hauerwas. It has some very interesting ideas about Judaism and Christianity as ethics based on Narrative (i.e., the 10 Commandments and other mandates are only make sense within the story of the exodus, that ethics/virtue is grounded in the kind of person and community one is as opposed to "absolutes" or natural law, which he doesn't believe really exist: all ethics must be qualified ... for example, as "Christian ethics" or "American ethics" because just "ethics" does not exist.) But you have to work to access the subtleties of his ideas and logic; whether because they're just complicated or the writing style is, he's not a tenth as accessible as C.S. Lewis.


Stylistically: dense. Thematically: intriguing and radical. (less)
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Nick Klagge
Jan 08, 2011Nick Klagge rated it really liked it
The final book (for now) in my recent Hauerwas "tear", this work finds Hauerwas specifically orienting his theological position toward an ethic of nonviolence (or "peaceability"). I am glad to have read this shortly before MLK day, and it certainly has helped me appreciate the deep training in virtue that is a necessary prerequisite for the successful practice of nonviolence. Hauerwas (even if somewhat reluctant personally) takes up nonviolence as the epitome of Christian virtue, and also outlines the deep challenges that are involved in the acceptance of that. This is a book that I have thought about quite a bit as I've started going to church regularly again. (less)
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Bobbettylou
Jun 09, 2012Bobbettylou rated it really liked it · review of another edition
The first four (of eight) chapters are a bit tedious, as only a text book can be tedious. If you are familiar with theological/ethical jargon you could even skip them.


But the book becomes much moore readably on page 72 (of 160) with chapter five: "Jesus: The Presence of the Peaceable Kingdom." And I found myself underlining and pledging to remember and put into practice the practical theology of peace.


I had read the first (1983) edition back in the 80s but it is worth a reread. ...more
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Brandon
May 12, 2007Brandon rated it really liked it · review of another edition
Shelves: spirituality
This book is not issue focused (chapter on war, politics, etc.) but is centered around the community of Christ ... and because of this I think non-Christians may not find this book compelling. Hauerwas promotes a radically different view of what it means to be a Christian that some may find refreshing. This was my introduction to Hauerwas and I found it to be a quick read.
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Ron
May 31, 2008Ron rated it it was amazing
Shelves: theology
Hauerwas is a very conservative protestant theologian and ethicist who makes the issues facing our country and world today, and how we respond to them, a matter of understanding our past and who we are. He wants us to know why it's important and necessary to know our story as christians so that we can respond appropriately to those issues. (less)
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wes Goertzen
Aug 09, 2008wes Goertzen rated it really liked it
Shelves: thought
I like listening to Hauerwas more than I like reading him. I don't like his style but his ideas and passion resonate with me. I don't really see why his ethic has often been dismissed as sectarian. "Let the church be the church" seems like a good idea to me. He's one writer that is not afraid to talk about the possibility of martyrdom as part of the Christian witness. (less)
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Steffi Greeff
Sep 18, 2013Steffi Greeff rated it really liked it
Very good read with a lot of substance. I love Hauerwas' outlook on Christian ethics and his honesty is refreshing. To my opinion he tended to take some leaps between chapters without sufficient bridging, which sometimes made it hard to read and follow systematically. But apart from that, I thought it was brilliant. A must read for any thinking Christian. (less)
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Chris
Apr 07, 2012Chris rated it liked it · review of another edition
A non-beligerent/irrational approach to Christian ethics. It is still rife with assumptions, but that is to be expected. As far as recommendations from reasonably intelligent Christian friends goes: this one at least recognizes the importance of philosophic proof.
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Ben Gosden
Dec 26, 2013Ben Gosden rated it it was amazing
Shelves: theology-ethics
Tremendous theological work. It will continue to serve as a major influence on my personal faith, the way I view and help shape the community of faith, and my view of the active and always challenging God found in Jesus Christ.
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