2021/03/28

Encyclopedia of Buddhism - The University of Adelaide

Encyclopedia of Buddhism - The University of Adelaide

LIST OF ARTICLES

List of Articles
Abhidharma
Collett Cox

Abhidharmakośabhāṣya
Collett Cox

AbhijñĀ (Higher Knowledges)
Patrick A. Pranke

Abortion
George J. Tanabe, Jr.

Āgama/Nikāya
Jens-Uwe Hartmann

Ajaṇṭā
Leela Aditi Wood

Akṣobhya
Jan Nattier

Ālayavijñāna
John S. Strong

Alchi
Roger Goepper

Ambedkar, B. R.
Christopher S. Queen

Amitābha
Luis O. Gómez

Amulets and Talismans
Michael R. Rhum

Anagārika Dharmapāla
George D. Bond

Ānanda
Bhikkhu Pasadika

Ānanda Temple
Paul Strachan

Anāthapiṇḍada
Joel Tatelman

Anātman/Ātman (No-self/Self)
K. T. S. Sarao

Ancestors
Mariko Namba Walter

Anitya (Impermanence)
Carol S. Anderson

An Shigao
Paul Harrison

Anuttarasamyaksaṃbodhi (Complete, Perfect Awakening)
William M. Bodiford

Apocrypha
Kyoko Tokuno

Arhat
George D. Bond

Arhat Images
Richard K. Kent

Āryadeva
Karen Lang

Āryaśūra
Peter Khoroche

Asaṅga
John P. Keenan

Ascetic Practices
Liz Wilson

Aśoka
John S. Strong

Aśvaghoṣa
Peter Khoroche

Atisha
Gareth Sparham

Avadana
Joel Tatelman

Avadānaśataka
Joel Tatelman

Awakening of Faith (Dasheng qixin lun)
Ding-hwa Hsieh

Ayutthaya
Pattaratorn Chirapravati

BĀmiyān
Karil J. Kucera

Bayon
Eleanor Mannikka

Bhāvaviveka
Paul Williams

Bianwen
Victor H. Mair

Bianxiang (Transformation Tableaux)
Victor H. Mair

Biographies of Eminent Monks (Gaoseng zhuan)
John Kieschnick

Biography
Juliane Schober

Bka' brgyud (Kagyu)
Andrew Quintman

Bodh Gayā
Leela Aditi Wood

Page xii  |  Top of Article
Bodhi (Awakening)
Robert M. Gimello

Bodhicaryāvatāra
Paul Williams

Bodhicitta (Thought of Awakening)
Luis O. Gómez

Bodhidharma
Jeffrey Broughton

Bodhisattva(s)
Leslie S. Kawamura

Bodhisattva Images
Charles Lachman

Body, Perspectives on the
Liz Wilson

Bon
Christian K. Wedemeyer

Borobudur
John N. Miksic

Bsam yas (Samye)
Jacob P. Dalton

Bsam yas Debate
Jacob P. Dalton

Buddha(s)
Jan Nattier

Buddhacarita
John S. Strong

Buddhadāsa
Christopher S. Queen

Buddhaghosa
John S. Strong

Buddhahood and Buddha Bodies
John J. Makransky

Buddha Images
Robert L. Brown

Buddha, Life of the
Heinz Bechert

Buddha, Life of the, in Art
Gail Maxwell

Buddhānusmṛti (Recollection of the Buddha)
Paul Harrison

Buddhavacana (Word of the Buddha)
George D. Bond

Buddhist Studies
Jonathan A. Silk

Burmese, Buddhist Literature in
Jason A. Carbine

Bu ston (Bu tön)
Gareth Sparham

Cambodia
Anne Hansen

Candrakīrti
Roger R. Jackson

Canon
Paul Harrison

Catalogues of Scriptures
Kyoko Tokuno

Cave Sanctuaries
Denise Patry Leidy

Central Asia
Jan Nattier

Central Asia, Buddhist Art in
Roderick Whitfield

Chan Art
Charles Lachman

Chan School
John Jorgensen

Chanting and Liturgy
George J. Tanabe, Jr.

Chengguan
Mario Poceski

China
Mario Poceski

China, Buddhist Art in
Marylin Martin Rhie

Chinese, Buddhist Influences on Vernacular Literature in
Victor H. Mair

Chinul
Sung Bae Park

Chogye School
Jongmyung Kim

Christianity and Buddhism
James W. Heisig

Clerical Marriage in Japan
Richard M. Jaffe

Colonialism and Buddhism
Richard King

Commentarial Literature
Alexander L. Mayer

Communism and Buddhism
Jin Y. Park

Confucianism and Buddhism
George A. Keyworth

Consciousness, Theories of
Nobuyoshi Yamabe

Consecration
Donald K. Swearer

Conversion
Jan Nattier

Cosmology
Rupert Gethin

Councils, Buddhist
Charles S. Prebish

Critical Buddhism (Hihan Bukkyo)
Jamie Hubbard

Daimoku
Jacqueline I. Stone

Daitokuji
Karen L. Brock

Ḍākinī
Jacob P. Dalton

Dalai Lama
Gareth Sparham

Dāna (Giving)
Maria Heim

Dao'an
Tanya Storch

Daoism and Buddhism
Stephen R. Bokenkamp

Daosheng
Mark L. Blum

Daoxuan
John Kieschnick

Daoyi (Mazu)
Mario Poceski

Death
Mark L. Blum

Decline of the Dharma
Jan Nattier

Deqing
William Chu

Desire
Luis O. Gómez

Page xiii  |  Top of Article
Devadatta
Max Deeg

Dge lugs (Geluk)
Georges B. J. Dreyfus

Dhammapada
Oskar von Hinüber

Dhāraṇī
Richard D. McBride II

Dharma and Dharmas
Charles Willemen

Dharmadhātu
Chi-chiang Huang

Dharmaguptaka
Collett Cox

Dharmakīrti
John Dunne

Dharmarakṣa
Daniel Boucher

Dhyāna (Trance State)
Karen Derris

Diamond Sūtra
Gregory Schopen

Diet
James A. Benn

Dignāga
John Dunne

Dīpaṃkara
Jan Nattier

Disciples of the Buddha
Andrew Skilton

Divinities
Jacob N. Kinnard

Divyāvadāna
Joel Tatelman

Dōgen
Carl Bielefeldt

Dōkyō
Allan G. Grapard

Doubt
Robert E. Buswell, Jr.

Dreams
Alexander L. Mayer

Duḥkha (Suffering)
Carol S. Anderson

Dunhuang
Roderick Whitfield

Economics
Gustavo Benavides

Education
Mahinda Deegalle

Engaged Buddhism
Christopher S. Queen

Ennin
David L. Gardiner

Entertainment and Performance
Victor H. Mair

Esoteric Art, East Asia
Cynthea J. Bogel

Esoteric Art, South and Southeast Asia
Gail Maxwell

Ethics
Barbara E. Reed

Etiquette
Eric Reinders

Europe
Martin Baumann

Evil
Maria Heim

Exoteric-Esoteric (Kenmitsu) Buddhism in Japan
James C. Dobbins

Faith
Luis O. Gómez

Famensi
Roderick Whitfield

Family, Buddhism and the
Alan Cole

Fanwang jing (Brahmā's Net Sūtra)
Eunsu Cho

Faxian
Alexander L. Mayer

Faxiang School
Dan Lusthaus

Fazang
Jeffrey Broughton

Festivals and Calendrical Rituals
Jonathan S. Walters

Folk Religion: An Overview
Stephen F. Teiser

Folk Religion, China
Philip Clart

Folk Religion, Japan
Ian Reader

Folk Religion, Southeast Asia
Michael R. Rhum

Four Noble Truths
Carol S. Anderson

Gāndhārī, Buddhist Literature in
Richard Salomon

Ganjin
William M. Bodiford

Gavampati
François Lagirarde

Gender
Reiko Ohnuma

Genshin
James C. Dobbins

Ghost Festival
Stephen F. Teiser

Ghosts and Spirits
Peter Masefield

Gyōnen
Mark L. Blum

Hachiman
Fabio Rambelli

Hair
Patrick Olivelle

Hakuin Ekaku
John Jorgensen

Han Yongun
Pori Park

Heart Sūtra
John R. McRae

Heavens
Rupert Gethin

Hells
Stephen F. Teiser

Hells, Images of
Karil J. Kucera

Hermeneutics
John Powers

Himalayas, Buddhist Art in
Roger Goepper

Page xiv  |  Top of Article
Hīnayāna
John S. Strong

Hinduism and Buddhism
Johannes Bronkhorst

History
John C. Maraldo

Hōnen
James C. Dobbins

Honji Suijaku
Fabio Rambelli

Hōryūji and Tōdaiji
Karen L. Brock

Huayan Art
Henrik H. Sørensen

Huayan jing
Mario Poceski

Huayan School
Mario Poceski

Huineng
John R. McRae

Huiyuan
Mark L. Blum

Hyesim
A. Charles Muller

Hyujŏng
Sungtaek Cho

Icchantika
Robert E. Buswell, Jr.

Ikkyū
Sarah Fremerman

India
Richard S. Cohen

India, Buddhist Art in
Gail Maxwell

India, Northwest
Jason Neelis

India, South
Anne E. Monius

Indonesia and the Malay Peninsula
Robert L. Brown

Indonesia, Buddhist Art in
John N. Miksic

Indra
Jacob N. Kinnard

Ingen Ryūki
A. W. Barber

Initiation
Ronald M. Davidson

Inoue Enryō
Richard M. Jaffe

Intermediate States
Bryan J. Cuevas

Ippen Chishin
William M. Bodiford

Islam and Buddhism
Johan Elverskog

Jainism and Buddhism
Paul Dundas

Japan
Carl Bielefeldt

Japan, Buddhist Art in
Karen L. Brock

Japanese, Buddhist Influences on Vernacular Literature in
Robert E. Morrell

Japanese Royal Family and Buddhism
Brian O. Ruppert

Jātaka
Reiko Ohnuma

Jātaka, Illustrations of
Leela Aditi Wood

Jātakamālā
Peter Khoroche

Jewels
Brian O. Ruppert

Jiun Onkō
Paul B. Watt

Jo khang
Andrew Quintman

Juefan (Huihong)
George A. Keyworth

Kailāśa (Kailash)
Andrew Quintman

Kālacakra
John Newman

Kamakura Buddhism, Japan
James C. Dobbins

Karma (Action)
Johannes Bronkhorst

Karma pa
Andrew Quintman

Karuṇā (Compassion)
Roger R. Jackson

Khmer, Buddhist Literature in
Anne Hansen

Kihwa
A. Charles Muller

Kingship
Pankaj N. Mohan

Klong chen pa (Longchenpa)
Jacob P. Dalton

Kōan
Morten Schlütter

Kōben
George J. Tanabe, Jr.

Konjaku Monogatari
William M. Bodiford

Korea
Hee-Sung Keel

Korea, Buddhist Art in
Youngsook Pak

Korean, Buddhist Influences on Vernacular Literature in
Jongmyung Kim

Kuiji
Alan Sponberg

Kūkai
Ryūichi Abé

Kumārajīva
John R. McRae

Kyŏnghŏ
Henrik H. Sørensen

Laity
Helen Hardacre

Lalitavistara
John S. Strong

Lama
Alexander Gardner

Language, Buddhist Philosophy of
Richard P. Hayes

Languages
Jens-Uwe Hartmann

Laṅkāvatāra-sūtra
John Powers

Page xv  |  Top of Article
Laos
Justin McDaniel

Law and Buddhism
Rebecca French

Lineage
Albert Welter

Local Divinities and Buddhism
Fabio Rambelli

Logic
John Dunne

Longmen
Dorothy Wong

Lotus Sūtra (Saddharmapuṇḍarīkasūtra)
Jacqueline I. Stone

Madhyamaka School
Karen Lang

Ma gcig lab sgron (Machig Lapdön)
Andrew Quintman

Mahābodhi Temple
Leela Aditi Wood

Mahākāśyapa
Max Deeg

Mahāmaudgalyāyana
Susanne Mrozik

Mahāmudrā
Andrew Quintman

Mahāparinirvāṇa-sūtra
John S. Strong

Mahāprajāpatī Gautamī
Karma Lekshe Tsomo

Mahāsāṃghika School
Paul Harrison

Mahāsiddha
Andrew Quintman

Mahāvastu
John S. Strong

Mahāyāna
Gregory Schopen

Mahāyāna Precepts in Japan
Paul Groner

Mahīśāsaka
Collett Cox

Mainstream Buddhist Schools
Collett Cox

Maitreya
Alan Sponberg

Maṇḍala
Denise Patry Leidy

Mantra
Richard D. McBride II

Māra
Jacob N. Kinnard

Mar pa (Marpa)
Andrew Quintman

Martial Arts
William Powell

Mātṛceṭa
Peter Khoroche

Medicine
Kenneth G. Zysk

Meditation
Luis O. Gómez

Meiji Buddhist Reform
Richard M. Jaffe

Merit and Merit-Making
George J. Tanabe, Jr.

Mijiao (Esoteric) School
Henrik H. Sørensen

Mi la ras pa (Milarepa)
Andrew Quintman

Milindapañha
Peter Masefield

Millenarianism and Millenarian Movements
Thomas DuBois

Mindfulness
Johannes Bronkhorst

Miracles
John Kieschnick

Mizuko Kuyō
George J. Tanabe, Jr.

Modernity and Buddhism
Gustavo Benavides

Mohe Zhiguan
Brook Ziporyn

Monastic Architecture
Nancy Shatzman Steinhardt

Monasticism
Jeffrey Samuels

Monastic Militias
William M. Bodiford

Mongolia
Patricia Berger

Monks
John Kieschnick

Mozhao Chan (Silent Illumination Chan)
Morten Schlütter

Mudrā and Visual Imagery
Denise Patry Leidy

Mūlasarvāstivāda-vinaya
Gregory Schopen

Murakami Senshō
Richard M. Jaffe

Myanmar
Patrick A. Pranke

Myanmar, Buddhist Art in
Paul Strachan

Nāgārjuna
Paul Williams

Nara Buddhism
George J. Tanabe, Jr.

Nāropa
Andrew Quintman

Nationalism and Buddhism
Pori Park

Nenbutsu (Chinese, Nianfo; Korean, Yŏmbul)
James C. Dobbins

Nepal
Todd T. Lewis

Newari, Buddhist Literature in
Todd T. Lewis

Nichiren
Jacqueline I. Stone

Nichiren School
Jacqueline I. Stone

Nine Mountains School of Sŏn
Sungtaek Cho

Nirvāṇa
Luis O. Gómez

Nirvāṇa Sūtra
Mark L. Blum

Nuns
Karma Lekshe Tsomo

Page xvi  |  Top of Article
Oṃ maṇi padme hūṃ
Alexander Gardner

Ordination
John R. McRae

Original Enlightenment (Hongaku)
Jacqueline I. Stone

Oxherding Pictures
Steven Heine

Padmasambhava
Jacob P. Dalton

Pāli, Buddhist Literature in
Oskar von Hinüber

Panchen Lama
Gareth Sparham

Paramārtha
Daniel Boucher

Pāramitā (Perfection)
Leslie S. Kawamura

Parish (Danka, Terauke) System in Japan
Duncan Williams

Paritta and Rakṣā Texts
Justin McDaniel

Path
William Chu

Persecutions
Kate Crosby

Philosophy
Dale S. Wright

Phoenix Hall (at the Byōdōin)
Karen L. Brock

Pilgrimage
Kevin Trainor

Platform Sūtra of the Sixth Patriarch (Liuzu tan jing)
John R. McRae

Poetry and Buddhism
George A. Keyworth

Politics and Buddhism
Eric Reinders

Portraiture
Karen L. Brock

Potala
Andrew Quintman

Prajñā (Wisdom)
Roger R. Jackson

Prajñāpāramitā Literature
Lewis Lancaster

Prātimokṣa
Karma Lekshe Tsomo

Pratītyasamutpāda (Dependent Origination)
Mathieu Boisvert

Pratyekabuddha
Ria Kloppenborg

Pratyutpannasamādhi-sūtra
Paul Harrison

Prayer
José Ignacio Cabezón

Precepts
Daniel A. Getz

Printing Technologies
Richard D. McBride II

Provincial Temple System (Kokubunji, Rishōtō)
Suzanne Gay

Psychology
Luis O. Gómez

Pudgalavāda
Leonard C. D. C. Priestley

Pure Land Art
Eugene Y. Wang

Pure Land Buddhism
Daniel A. Getz

Pure Lands
Luis O. Gómez

Pure Land Schools
A. W. Barber

Rāhula
Bhikkhu Pasadika

Realms of Existence
Rupert Gethin

Rebirth
Bryan J. Cuevas

Refuges
John Clifford Holt

Relics And Relics Cults
Brian O. Ruppert

Reliquary
Roderick Whitfield

Rennyo
James C. Dobbins

Renwang jing (Humane Kings Sūtra)
A. Charles Muller

Repentance and Confession
David W. Chappell

Ritual
Richard K. Payne

Ritual Objects
Anne Nishimura Morse

Rnying ma (Nyingma)
Jacob P. Dalton

Robes and Clothing
Willa Jane Tanabe

Ryōkan
David E. Riggs

Saichō
David L. Gardiner

Saṃdhinirmocana-sūtra
John Powers

Samguk yusa (Memorabilia of the Three Kingdoms)
Richard D. McBride II

Saṃsāra
Bryan J. Cuevas

Sāñcī
Leela Aditi Wood

Saṅgha
Gareth Sparham

Sanjie Jiao (Three Stages School)
Jamie Hubbard

Sanskrit, Buddhist Literature in
Andrew Skilton

Śāntideva
Paul Williams

Śāriputra
Susanne Mrozik

Sarvāstivāda and Mūlasarvāstivāda
Collett Cox

Sa skya (Sakya)
Cyrus Stearns

Sa skya Paṇḍita (Sakya Paṇḍita)
Ronald M. Davidson

Satipaṭṭhāna-sutta
Patrick A. Pranke

Satori (Awakening)
Robert M. Gimello

Page xvii  |  Top of Article
Sautrāntika
Collett Cox

Scripture
José Ignacio Cabezón

Self-Immolation
James A. Benn

Sengzhao
Tanya Storch

Sentient Beings
Daniel A. Getz

Sexuality
Hank Glassman

Shingon Buddhism, Japan
Ryūichi Abé

Shinran
James C. Dobbins

Shintō (Honji Suijaku) and Buddhism
Fabio Rambelli

Shōbōgenzō
Carl Bielefeldt

Shōtoku, Prince (Taishi)
William M. Bodiford

Shugendō
Paul L. Swanson

Shwedagon
Paul Strachan

Śikṣānanda
Chi-chiang Huang

Silk Road
Jason Neelis

Sinhala, Buddhist Literature in
Ranjini Obeyesekere

Skandha (Aggregate)
Mathieu Boisvert

Slavery
Jonathan A. Silk

Sōka Gakkai
Jacqueline I. Stone

Sŏkkuram
Junghee Lee

Soteriology
Dan Cozort

Southeast Asia, Buddhist Art in
Robert L. Brown

Space, Sacred
Allan G. Grapard

Sri Lanka
John Clifford Holt

Sri Lanka, Buddhist Art in
Benille Priyanka

Stūpa
A. L. Dallapiccola

Sukhāvatīvyūha-sūtra
Mark L. Blum

Sukhothai
Pattaratorn Chirapravati

Śūnyatā (Emptiness)
Roger R. Jackson

Sūtra
John S. Strong

Sūtra Illustrations
Willa Jane Tanabe

Suvarṇaprabhāsottama-sūtra
Natalie D. Gummer

Suzuki, D. T.
Richard M. Jaffe

Syncretic Sects: Three Teachings
Philip Clart

Tachikawaryū
Nobumi Iyanaga

Taiwan
Charles B. Jones

Taixu
Ding-hwa Hsieh

Takuan Sōhō
William M. Bodiford

Tantra
Ronald M. Davidson
Charles D. Orzech

Tathāgata
John S. Strong

Tathāgatagarbha
William H. Grosnick

Temple System in Japan
Duncan Williams

Thai, Buddhist Literature in
Grant A. Olson

Thailand
Donald K. Swearer

Theravāda
Kate Crosby

Theravāda Art and Architecture
Bonnie Brereton

Thich Nhat Hanh
Christopher S. Queen

Tiantai School
Brook Ziporyn

Tibet
Ronald M. Davidson

Tibetan Book of the Dead
Bryan J. Cuevas

Tominaga Nakamoto
Paul B. Watt

Tsong kha pa
Georges B. J. Dreyfus

Ŭich'ŏn
Chi-chiang Huang

Ŭisang
Patrick R. Uhlmann

United States
Thomas A. Tweed

Upagupta
John S. Strong

Upāli
Susanne Mrozik

Upāya
Roger R. Jackson

Usury
Jamie Hubbard

Vajrayāna
Ronald M. Davidson

Vaṃsa
Stephen C. Berkwitz

Vasubandhu
Dan Lusthaus

Vidyādhara
Patrick A. Pranke

Vietnam
Cuong Tu Nguyen

Vietnamese, Buddhist Influences on Literature in
Cuong Tu Nguyen

Vijñānavāda
Dan Lusthaus

Page xviii  |  Top of Article
Vimalakīrti
Andrew Skilton

Vinaya
Gregory Schopen

Vipassanā (Sanskrit, Vipaśyanā)
Patrick A. Pranke

Vipaśyin
Jan Nattier

Viṣṇu
Jacob N. Kinnard

Viśvantara
Reiko Ohnuma

War
Michael Zimmermann

Wilderness Monks
Thanissaro Bhikkhu (Geoffrey DeGraff)

Women
Natalie D. Gummer

Wŏnbulgyo
Bongkil Chung

Wŏnch'ŭk
Eunsu Cho

Wŏnhyo
Eunsu Cho

Worship
Jacob N. Kinnard

Xuanzang
Alexander L. Mayer

Yakṣa
Jacob N. Kinnard

Yanshou
Albert Welter

Yijing
Alexander L. Mayer

Yinshun
William Chu

Yixuan
Urs App

Yogācāra School
Dan Lusthaus

Yujŏng
Sungtaek Cho

Yun'gang
Dorothy Wong

Zanning
Albert Welter

Zen, Popular Conceptions of
Juhn Ahn

Zhanran
Linda Penkower

Zhao lun
Tanya Storch

Zhili
Brook Ziporyn

Zhiyi
Brook Ziporyn

Zhuhong
William Chu

Zonggao
Ding-hwa Hsieh

Zongmi
Jeffrey Broughton