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Spirituality, Mind-Body, Gender, Ecology, Ageing, Peace, Scrapbook (in English and Korean)
2021/12/01
Isaac Asimov talks about superstition, religion and why he teaches ratio...
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Isaac Asimov talks about superstition, religion and why he teaches rationality
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Read [Sustainable Landscape Construction], Third Edition Online by Kim Sorvig and J. William Thompson | Books
Read Sustainable Landscape Construction, Third Edition Online by Kim Sorvig and J. William Thompson | Books
Sustainable Landscape Construction, Third Edition: A Guide to Green Building Outdoors
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Sustainable Landscape Construction, Third Edition: A Guide to Green Building Outdoors
By Kim Sorvig and J. William Thompson
1,329 pages
31 hours
Included in your membership!
at no additional cost
Description
Since the publication of the first edition in 2000, Sustainable Landscape Construction has helped to spur a movement towards resilient outdoor environments, in the U.S. and throughout the world. The third edition has been updated to include important recent developments in this landscape revolution. It remains essential reading for everyone with an interest in "green" design of outdoor spaces and infrastructures.
Like its predecessors, the new edition of Sustainable Landscape Construction is organized around principles, recognizing that built environments, and our work in them, pose both pragmatic and ethical challenges. Each chapter focuses on one overarching site goal, such as “Pave Less,” “Heal Injured Sites,” and “Consider Origin and Fate of Materials.” These principles of land sustainability are clearly articulated and developed through specific examples of more than 100 projects from around the world, reflecting both traditions and recent innovations. Expanded coverage of industry trends toward performance monitoring, and of lessons from project failures, form an important enhancement in this edition. New content also details the necessity to plan adaptively, not just preventively, for the realities of changing climate and intensifying weather. Some of the trends covered will shift how landscape architects and contractors will do business in challenging years ahead: to survive, many professionals and clients will focus on restoration projects, motivated by ecosystem services and social justice, and funded by innovative methods.
Sustainable Landscape Construction is part of the canon of landscape construction texts, and with this update, remains a visionary, one of a kind reference for professionals and students.
====
Since the publication of the first edition in 2000, Sustainable Landscape Construction has helped to spur a movement towards resilient outdoor environments, in the U.S. and throughout the world. The third edition has been updated to include important recent developments in this landscape revolution. It remains essential reading for everyone with an interest in "green" design of outdoor spaces and infrastructures.
Like its predecessors, the new edition of Sustainable Landscape Construction is organized around principles, recognizing that built environments, and our work in them, pose both pragmatic and ethical challenges. Each chapter focuses on one overarching site goal, such as “Pave Less,” “Heal Injured Sites,” and “Consider Origin and Fate of Materials.” These principles of land sustainability are clearly articulated and developed through specific examples of more than 100 projects from around the world, reflecting both traditions and recent innovations. Expanded coverage of industry trends toward performance monitoring, and of lessons from project failures, form an important enhancement in this edition.
New content also details the necessity to plan adaptively, not just preventively, for the realities of changing climate and intensifying weather. Some of the trends covered will shift how landscape architects and contractors will do business in challenging years ahead: to survive, many professionals and clients will focus on restoration projects, motivated by ecosystem services and social justice, and funded by innovative methods.
Sustainable Landscape Construction is part of the canon of landscape construction texts, and with this update, remains a visionary, one of a kind reference for professionals and students.
=====
Review
"The information collected in Sustainable Landscape Construction will help planners to better integrate the lofty goals of sustainability that are so easily bandied about, yet so hard to actually bring to fruition. Overall, this is an excellent and extremely practical book - highly recommended for the planning profession as a whole."
-- "Planning West" (12/2/2019 12:00:00 AM)
====
About the Author
Kim Sorvig is a research associate professor at the School of Architecture and Planning at the University of New Mexico, and co-author of the Sustainable Building Technical Manual, published by the U.S. Green Building Council.
J. William Thompson is the former editor-in-chief of Landscape Architecture, the magazine of the American Society of Landscape Architects.
Read The Shaman's Mind Online by Jonathan Hammond | Books
Read The Shaman's Mind Online by Jonathan Hammond | Books
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=======================================
The Shaman's Mind: Huna Wisdom to Change Your Life
By Jonathan Hammond
308 pages
6 hours
Also available as...Audiobook
Description
To learn to think like a shaman is to attune yourself to a magical spectrum of infinite possibilities, unseen truths, alternative realities, and spiritual support. When a shaman likes what’s happening, they know how to make it better, and when they don’t, they know how to change it. The Shaman’s Mind is a book that teaches the reader how to align and transform their own mind into one that sees the world through the lens of the indigenous healers of old. Based on the Omega workshop by the same name.
Body, Mind, & Spirit
All categories
PUBLISHER:
Monkfish Book Publishing
RELEASED:
Jul 7, 2020
ISBN:
9781948626224
FORMAT:
Book
=====
About the author
JHJonathan Hammond
Jonathan Hammond is a teacher, energy healer, shamanic practitioner, and spiritual counselor. A graduate of Harvard University and the University of Michigan, he is a certified master teacher in Shamanic, Usui, and Karuna Reiki as well as the advanced graduate studies advisor for Shamanic Reiki Worldwide. He teaches classes in shamanism, energy healing, spirituality, and Huna at Omega Institute and around the world. This is his first book.
Start reading
=======================================
The Shaman's Mind: Huna Wisdom to Change Your Life
By Jonathan Hammond
308 pages
6 hours
Also available as...Audiobook
Description
To learn to think like a shaman is to attune yourself to a magical spectrum of infinite possibilities, unseen truths, alternative realities, and spiritual support. When a shaman likes what’s happening, they know how to make it better, and when they don’t, they know how to change it. The Shaman’s Mind is a book that teaches the reader how to align and transform their own mind into one that sees the world through the lens of the indigenous healers of old. Based on the Omega workshop by the same name.
Body, Mind, & Spirit
All categories
PUBLISHER:
Monkfish Book Publishing
RELEASED:
Jul 7, 2020
ISBN:
9781948626224
FORMAT:
Book
=====
About the author
JHJonathan Hammond
Jonathan Hammond is a teacher, energy healer, shamanic practitioner, and spiritual counselor. A graduate of Harvard University and the University of Michigan, he is a certified master teacher in Shamanic, Usui, and Karuna Reiki as well as the advanced graduate studies advisor for Shamanic Reiki Worldwide. He teaches classes in shamanism, energy healing, spirituality, and Huna at Omega Institute and around the world. This is his first book.
===
Rooted in ancient Hawaiian teachings, this book will provoke the reader into new ways of seeing themselves and the world.
To learn to think like a Shaman is to attune yourself to a magical spectrum of infinite possibilities, unseen truths, alternative realities, and spiritual support. When a Shaman likes what's happening, they know how to make it better, and when they don't, they know how to change it. The Shaman's Mind is a book that teaches the reader how to align and transform their own mind into one that sees the world through the lens of the indigenous healers of old. Based on the Omega workshop by the same name.
===
Top reviews from other countries
Well-meaning
3.0 out of 5 stars Language manual
Reviewed in the United Kingdom on 14 April 2021
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Although there are some, and they're interesting, I'd have liked to read more anecdotes - examples of practical application of Hawaiian wisdom.
The first half of the book is about the author's life which was too long really for a book with this title. The middle is the 7 principles of Huna which was the most intriguing part. However, the message was obfuscated by constant references to the Hawaiian language, including entire sentences. An editor's pen should have deleted 99% of those; they add nothing to the book's message and just make reading a clunky experience (unless you're Hawaiian I suppose). The final section is a set of meditations. I couldn't find anything truly original in here, but that's probably because I've read too much spiritual literature over the years.
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Brian J Walsh
5.0 out of 5 stars Down to Earth and Practical Wisdom
Reviewed in the United States on 11 August 2020
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If you are looking for applicable and practical steps to take to improve the quality of your life, look no further. Jonathan transmits ancient Huna wisdom in easy to understand and, more importantly, easy to apply concepts. The book describes a spiritual practice that exists throughout our lives and empowers us to utilize this wisdom on a daily basis to create the experience we most desire.
Jonathan describes Hawaii and the wisdom of its land and people with a kind of mystical enchantment that transports the reader to the lush forest of their inner selves that mirrors those of the Hawaiian rain forests. The stories of waterfalls, mountains, beaches, and rich skies not only illuminate the Shamanistic wisdom featured in the book but reminds us that the same deeply connected wisdom is available to us all, at any time, in any place, if only we dare to look.
Both simple and deeply complex, as most spiritual paths tend to be, this book provides the reader with practices suitable for beginners and are capable of intense depth. After reading the book, I have already begun to think of the Huna principles regularly in my interactions and daily routines.
I suspect that future readings of the book will reveal ever deepening levels of wisdom. I can not wait to explore its depths just as one might explore the crater of an active volcano - and because the world is what I think it is - I know that I will be breathing with the Earth in that crater.
Reading this book felt like a breath of fresh air and I recommend it to anyone looking to connect more deeply to themselves, their planet, and their communities.
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Brette G.
5.0 out of 5 stars Simply amazing.
Reviewed in the United States on 26 November 2020
Verified Purchase
I have never bought a book for so many people. This book is so incredible that I’ve sent it to at least 15 people.
Hawaiian Shamanism, who knew?
It has been over 25 years since I was in school, but I found myself studying this amazing book with a notebook and highlighter. It’s filled with incredible Huna wisdom: how to discern your purpose and direction and create the life that is aligned with your soul’s journey, how to forgive yourself and others, how to discover, develop, and stay in your power and intuition, and how to thrive in love and happiness.
Hammond also breaks down the Ku, Lono and Kane; the Hawaiian concepts of body, mind, and spirit. These chapters had a massive impact on me. I currently experience chronic pain and inflammation. After reading Hammond’s book I have a deeper insight into how to heal. The body remembers - especially what it felt the most intensely - and it has no concept of time and quite a long memory. It can also be at odds with your conscious mind, the Lono. The Ku is the child, and it needs to know it’s loved and safe. It needs to be guided, or it will continue to repeat patterns, something I’m sure we can all relate to. The Kane harnesses the spiritual and creative energies that manifest our inspired vision. It can help to create a life that is much bigger than we ever imagined. This incredible book teaches us how to parent our inner child; lovingly paying attention, empowering and showing the child how to create the life they want, as there are infinite possibilities available to it.
The final chapter of the book is about Ho’oponopono, a Hawaiian forgiveness practice. Ho’oponopono is all about “letting go or erasing the memory patters helps in our unconscious mind that are harmful and do not serve us.” Ho’oponopono consists of four simple phrases that communicate with the bodychild who unfortunately learned and currently believes mistaken things about themselves. These are the hurt parts. The addictive parts. The sick parts. Sometimes we don’t take very good care of ourselves. The Ku - the child - has had enough. It’s time to do right by it. Ho-oponopono - and this book - teaches us how to see, forgive, love, and practice compassion towards ourselves.
Jonathan Hammond has a big Harvard brain and a big Huna heart. I feel lucky and grateful to have read this book and shared it with others. Filled with modern wit and ancient wisdom, it is a must-read for those who want to discover, guide, and love themselves towards their wildest dreams.
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3 people found this helpful
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Emily
5.0 out of 5 stars This Book Will Truly Change Your Life!
Reviewed in the United States on 12 August 2020
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The Shaman's Mind is a deeply healing and unbelievably empowering book. It inspires you to not just read the material but to live it.
The first line of the preface is, "This book is about becoming a finder and not a seeker." (No spoilers but) Jonathan Hammond more than delivers on that promise. I found SO much wisdom in this book and it's many practices. And call it a coincidence, but by applying the information and exercises to my own circumstances and beliefs, every single area of my life has improved. This work helped me to heal many old wounds and has changed the way I use my mind, which has allowed me to step fully into my power and move my life into alignment with my purpose. It rocks.
This book really is absolutely AMAZING. I have read other books on this subject and, while the teachings of Huna have always been incredible, they have never been explained in such a clear, relatable, and engaging way. The Shaman's Mind is beautifully written, delightfully personal, and makes major, mind-expanding, life-changing concepts completely accessible and practical. If everyone could read this book, I believe the world would be a better place. That's why I've already purchased multiple copies for friends (you know you love a book when you won't let anyone borrow yours)!
Long story short: Jonathan Hammond is a brilliant teacher and his book reflects that fact in every way. This work has changed my life and it will change yours, too.
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Rachel
5.0 out of 5 stars I couldn't put this book down! A must read.
Reviewed in the United States on 19 August 2020
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If you are reading this review contemplating ordering Jonathan's book - it is calling you. This is your sign. I haven't read a book this quickly in ages, as I could barely put it down. This is one of the most important and significant books I have read to help ground me in my journey and reprogram my mind to the truth - which is Aloha! Jonathan's storytelling and framing kept me on the edge of my seat while simultaneously teaching priceless tools. The consistent interweaving and honoring of Hawaiian culture while teaching Huna was a wonderful way to learn. So beautifully written - and I am deeply moved. Thank you for bringing this into the world at a time that we need it the most.
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Tony Ortega
Jul 28, 2020Tony Ortega rated it it was amazing
The only thing I would say even remotely negative (and it has nothing to do with the book) is that I wish it had been around 7 years ago when I started my spiritual journey as I would have saved thousands of dollars in other books, courses, seminars, and master classes. This book has everything you need to lead a more enlightened life. The way it is presented is only vaguely woo woo and not love and light (which unfortunately we see too much of in the market today). For a spiritual book, it is so down to earth and accessible. I can't wait to god into it again and again. The only other book of this nature that marveled me as much was A Return to Love. Definitely one of my top 2 spiritual books I have ever read. Thank you Jonathan. (less)
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Grady
Jul 07, 2020Grady rated it it was amazing
‘Give yourself your own paradise.’
New York author Jonathan Hammond earned his degrees from Harvard University and the University of Michigan, worked successfully as an actor on Broadway and television, and now is committed to his work as an energy healer, shamanic practitioner, and spiritual counselor. He teaches classes and gives lectures in Shamanism, Energy Healing, Spirituality and Huna at One Spirit Learning Alliance and the Omega Institute in New York City and in other venues globally. He is committed to empowering and healing people by bringing indigenous Earth wisdom to the modern world in spiritual retreats through his company, The Living Project.
For clarity, a Shaman is a religious practitioner who is believed to interact with a spirit world through altered states of consciousness, electing to direct these spirits or spiritual energies into the physical world for healing. Jonathan Hammond is a Shaman and in this book focuses on Huna – the esoteric knowledge and philosophy of Hawaii. In his preface he states, ‘This book is about becoming a finder and no longer a seeker. It’s about truly healing. It’s about learning to love yourself; to think straight; to step into wellness, prosperity, and love; and to feel the inner satisfaction of these attainments to such a degree that the inevitable response is to give yourself back to the world…The wisdom contained in this book transcends the culture from which it came [Hawaii] because it points to universal truths that open us to love, and as we open, so does the world…’
After sharing his story of how he came to embrace Hawaii and Huna, Jonathan opens the windows of Huna in a manner that not only elucidates the Huna principles, but also encourages us to interact in the various aspects of that thinking that results in spiritual growth. ‘Where we place our focus and attention creates the energetic influence that manifests things into being.’
THE SHAMAN’S MIND is one of the more successful spiritual healing guides, not only because it is so well written and accessible, but also because of the very obvious true caring of the author that encourages our learning. Very highly recommended. (less)
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Julie
Jan 01, 2021Julie rated it really liked it
Shelves: nonfiction
I really enjoyed and got a lot out of this book. I love that the author gave concrete and practical steps for connecting with the material. I can’t wait to read more from this author because I connected to and understand his message in a way that I haven’t connected to with other books on the topic. I bought the book without even reading the description on the back and was rather surprised at the content when I began... that has to mean something. However, I’m not sure I agree with the author that it is ok for a white person to tell the story of ancient Hawaiian spirituality- especially after he says that this is not how they would have passed down this information. I’m still wrestling with how that all sits with me. To be clear, it’s not his practice of those spiritual beliefs but his sharing of them and the manner in which he shares them that I am not entirely comfortable with. (less)
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Antoinette
Oct 11, 2021Antoinette rated it liked it
It was fine. Didn’t wow me. I liked the author’s personality and appreciate his life experience. I think the most valuable part to me was the take on ho opono ono. I don’t think I’ll do all the other practices because they seem exhausting.
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2021/11/30
제 2 과 성 경
제 2 과 성 경
제 2 문 하나님께서 무슨 규칙을 우리에게 주사 어떻게 자기를 영화롭게하고 즐거워할 것을 지시하셨습니까?
답 신구약 성경에 기록된 하나님의 말씀은1) 어떻게 우리가 그를 즐거워하고 영화롭게 할 것을 지시하는 유일한 규칙입니다. 2)
1) "모든 성경은 하나님의 감동으로 된 것으로 교훈과 책망과 바르게 함과 의로 교육하기에 유익하다" (딤후 3:16).
2) "내가 이 책의 예언의 말씀을 드는 각인에게 증거하노니 만일 누구든지 이것들 외에 더하면 하나님이 이 책에 기록된 재앙들을 그에게 더할실 터이요, 또 누구든지 이 예언의 책에 기록된 말씀에서 무엇을 제하여 버리면 하나님께서 이 책에 기록된 생명나무와 그 거룩한 성에 참예함을 제하여 버리실 것이라" (계 22:18,19) I. 인간 스스로 알 수 없는 놀라운 세계
이 세상은 알면 알수록 모르는 것이 더 많다는 것을 알아갑니다.
"그 때에 예수께서 성령으로 기뻐하시며 이르시되 천지의 주재이신 아버지여 이것을 지혜롭고 슬기 있는 자들에게는 숨기시고 어린 아이들에게는 나타내심을 감사하나이다 옳소이다 이렇게 된 것이 아버지의 뜻이니이다"(눅 10:21)
예수님의 말씀입니다. 이상하게도 주님은 "이것을" 지혜롭고 슬기있는 자들에게는 숨기시고 어린아이들에게는 나타내셨다고 말씀하신 적이 있습니다.
"이것"이란 무엇을 말하나요? 그것은 참 진리를 말하는 것입니다.
즉 하나님의 참 진리를 진정 알아야 할 지성인들이 사실상 그 참 진리를 알지 못하고 깨닫지 못하고 있다는 뜻입니다.
그 말은 인간의 지성이 하나님의 참 진리를 자동적으로 알게 하는 것은 아니라는 말이지요. 오히려 그 지식의 교만으로 참 지식을 보는 눈을 잃어 버릴 수도 있다는 뜻입니다. 그리고 그들의 지성이 아무리 뛰어난다 하더라도 한계가 있음을 말하는 것입니다.
그런데 위의 예수님의 말씀은 동시에 교육도 잘 받지 못한 아주 평범한 사람들일지라도 그 가운데 어떤 이는 참 진리를 아는 참 지혜를 가졌다는 것을 시사하는 것이기도 합니다.
인간은 스스로 진리를 아는 지식에 이를 수 없기 때문에, 남의 도움 없이 자신의 힘으로 스스로 노력하여 배우면 배울수록 점점 더 미지의 세계를 만나게 되는 것이 현실입니다.
풍선을 불면 불수록 사방으로 팽창되듯이 인간의 학식도 배우면 배울수록 하나님의 창조와 섭리의 경이스럽고 끝없는 신비에 직면하게 되는 것입니다.
예를 들면, 별의 신비를 연구하기 위해서 새롭고, 보다 성능이 좋은 망원경을 발명했다고 합시다. 어떤 결과가 생길까요?
아마도 인간이 또 다시 연구해야 될 수백만의 새로운 별들을 발견하게 될 것입니다.
그렇기 때문에 과학 이론은 부단히 변할 수 밖에 없습니다. 인간이 발견하면 할수록 알지 못하는 더 많은 것들이 있음을 발견하게 되는 것입니다.
이와 같이 인간은 모든 것을 다 알 수 없고, 모르는 것이 더 많기 때문에 결국 만족하지 못하며, 또한 어떤 것도 온전하게는 알 수 없음을 깨닫게 되는 것입니다. 그것은 신학 뿐 아니라 철학, 의학, 인문학, 수학 등 모든 경지가 마찬가지입니다.
인간이 모든 것들을 완전히 알 수 없는 이유는 하나님께서 인간 자력으로 모든 것을 알 수 있도록 만들지 않았기 때문입니다.
그리고 그 참 진리를 알 수 있는 능력도 죄로 인하여 마음이 부패하고 희미하여 짐으로 인하여 다 잃어 버리고 말았기 때문입니다.
그래서 우리는 하나님의 계시가 필요합니다. 하나님이 주시는 지식이 필요하다는 것입니다.
II. 오직 하나님만이 주실 수 있는 참 지식
인간은 모든 것을 알 수가 없습니다. 오직 하나님만이 처음부터 모든 것을 아시며, 하나님만이 모든 것의 확실한 지식을 인간에게 주실 수 있습니다.
그래서 하나님은 전지전능하신 분이라 부릅니다. 그리고 전지전능하신 분이 아니라면 우리는 그 분을 하나님이라 부를 수가 없지요. 그런데 하나님이 주시는 이 지식은 태초부터 두 가지 방법으로 인간에게 왔습니다.
1) 자연계시
하나님이 자신을 드러내시는 첫번째 방법은 흔히 말하는 자연계시입니다.
“하늘이 하나님의 영광을 선포하고 궁창이 그 손으로 하신 일을 나타내는도다” (시
19:1).
“창세로부터 그의 보이지 아니하는 것들 곧 그의 영원하신 능력과 신성이 그 만드신 말물에 분명히 보여 알게 되나니 그러므로 저희가 핑계치 못할지니라” (롬 1:20).
즉 모든 만물, 그의 피조물 세계에 하나님은 당신의 모습을 계시하셨습니다. 자신의 위대함, 자신의 섬세함, 자신의 능력과 사랑, 그리고 창조주이심을 나타내셨습니다.
불행하게도 인간이 범한 죄로 인하여 인간의 마음과 양심은 전적으로 부패하게 되었고, 하나님을 알 수 있는 영은 죽은 상태가 되고 말았습니다.
결국 스스로 이 자연계시를 통하여 하나님을 알 수 없는 상태로 떨어진 것입니다. 하나님의 계시가 부족해서가 아니라 그것을 받아 보는 인간의 시력이 더 이상 사실을 바로 볼 수 없는 상태로 떨어졌다는 것이지요.
2) 특별계시
결국 하나님으 인간에게 특수한 방법으로 자신과 자신의 뜻을 나타내시기를 원하셨습니다. 그것을 우리는 하나님의 특별하신 계시라고 해서 특별 계시라고 부릅니다. 그래서 하나님이 자신을 드러내시는 두 번째 방법은 특별계시입니다.
하나님은 낙원에서도 아담에게 말씀하셨습니다. 아담은 하나님의 피조물들과 어울러 그의 말씀도 가졌습니다. 아담은 자연을 봄으로 많은 것을 알 수 있었습니다.
그러나 물론 그가 모든 것을 알 수 있었던 것은 아닙니다. 예를 들면, 그는 아직 일어나지 않은 것은 알 수 없었습니다.
그러기 때문에 나무에서 과일을 따먹는 것 같은 아주 간단한 일을 확실히 알기 위해서 아담은 “하나님 말씀의 빛 아래서” 자연의 현상들을 해석하는 것이 필요하였습니다.
아담이 마귀의 유혹을 받을 때 그 결과에 대하여 하나님의 말씀을 통하여 인식하고 행동을 결정하여야 하였습니다. 그러나 그는 그렇게 하지 않고, 뱀의 말을 받아들였고, 그것이 마치 사실인 것처럼 인식하였습니다. 즉 하나님의 말씀이 아닌 다른 지식을 근거로 판단을 내린 것입니다.
그러니까, 아담이 하나님을 거슬러 범죄했을 때 그는 하나님의 말씀도 거절하게 된 것입니다.
그는 하나님이 그때에 어떤 것이 옳은가를 말해 줄 필요가 없는 것처럼 행동 하였습니다.
대신에 그는 진리를 발견하려는 소위 “과학적 방법”, 즉 시행 착오의 방법을 시도하려고 결정했습니다.
그때부터 지금까지 아담과 모든 그의 후손들, 예수 그리스도를 통하여 구원에 이르는 자들 외에는 흑암 속을 헤매게 되었습니다.
이것은 하나님의 계시가 불완전하여 어떤 “어둠”이 있기 때문이 아닙니다. 하나님의 “빛”은 아직도 그가 만드신 만물에 밝게 비치고 있습니다.
범죄하기 전, 죄 없는 아담도 하나님의 말씀의 “빛”없이는 자연의 “빛”을 이해할 수 없었을진대 하물며 오늘 우리는 어떠하겠습니까?
범죄한 후의 우리 인간은 더욱 하나님의 말씀의 빛이 필요할 것입니다. 아니 절대적으로 필요할 것입니다.
특별히 죄로부터 구원을 받을 수 있는 유일한 길은 오직 성경에만 계시되어 있습니다. 자연 가운데 나타난 하나님의 계시가 인간을 그 상태대로 버려 둔다 해서 부족한 것은 없습니다. 자연 계시는 인간이 하나님을 경배하고 섬기도록 참 하나님의 영광을 나타냅니다.
그러나 특별계시인 성경에서만이 인간이 죄로부터 구원 받기 위해서는 믿어야 할 것과 하나님을 섬기기 위해서 해야 할 것이 무엇인가를 실제로 배울 수 있는 것입니다.
하나님은 인간의 구원을 위하여 특별계시를 주신 것입니다. 그러니까 특별계시는 하나님의 특별한 사랑의 표현인 것입니다. 그리고 그것은 바로 하나님의 말씀입니다. III. 무오한 하나님의 기록된 말씀
이 특별계시는 기록된 하나님의 말씀, 곧 성경입니다. 그런데 하나님께서는 그 기록 과정에서 하나님의 전능하신 능력을 발휘하셨습니다.
구약은 선지자를 통하여, 신약은 여러 사도들을 통하여 기록하셨습니다. 그러나 그들의 인격과 성격, 삶의 배경을 전혀 무시하지 않고 활용하시면서도 무오한 하나님의 말씀을 기록케 하셨습니다. 그리고 그것은 성령 하나님을 통하여 가능케 하셨습니다.
"모든 성경은 하나님의 감동으로 된 것으로 교훈과 책망과 바르게 함과 의로 교육하기에 유익하다" (딤후 3:16).
40여명이 넘는 저자들이 1600년에 걸쳐서 기록하였습니다. 그리고 그들의 배경은 너무나도 달랐습니다. 무식자, 유식자, 농부, 어부, 군인, 왕, 학자, 의사 등 참으로 다양하였습니다. 그럼에도 놀라운 것은 마치 한 사람이 기록한 것 같음을 느낍니다. 그것은 당연합니다. 저자가 한 분이시기 때문이지요. 성령님이십니다.
그런데 이러한 하나님의 말씀의 무오하심을 반대하는 사람들이 나타났습니다.
자신의 이성과 합리주의를 근거로 이해가 되는 것은 하나님의 말씀으로 받아 들이지만 기적과 같은 것은 받아 들일 수 없는 신화와 같은 것이라는 것입니다.
이러한 사람들을 우리는 자유주의 신학자들이라고 합니다.
이들의 말을 통하여 정리하자면 성경에서 남는 것은 도덕적인 교훈 몇가지와 성경 껍데기만 남습니다. 왜나햐면 성경은 처음부터 전능하신 하나님의 초자연적인 역사로 가득차 있기 때문입니다.
또 소위 신정통주의자, 또는 바르트주의라고도 하는데, 이 사람들은 "성경이 인간이 기록한 것이고 오류가 당연히 많지만, 우리 마음 속에 감동으로 다가올 때에 하나님의 말씀일 된다(to become)"라고 주장합니다.
이러한 주장은 복음주의 교회 내에서 많이 영향을 미치고 있는 것입니다.
그들은 말하기를 사람들이 이 인간의 말인 성경을 읽을 그때, 하나님은 이 인간의 말을 통하여 그들 자신의 마음에 하나님의 참된 말씀을 받도록 하기 위하여 인간의 말인 성경을 아무튼 사용하신다고 말합니다.
성경의 어떤 부분은 하나님의 말씀이 인간에게 임하는 수단이기는 하지만 갑에게는 성경의 한 부분만이 말씀하고, 을에게는 성경의 저 부분만이 말씀으로 되어진다는 것이다. 그러나 성경은 분명히 경고하십니다.
"내가 이 책의 예언의 말씀을 드는 각인에게 증거하노니 만일 누구든지 이것들 외에 더하면 하나님이 이 책에 기록된 재앙들을 그에게 더할실 터이요, 또 누구든지 이 예언의 책에 기록된 말씀에서 무엇을 제하여 버리면 하나님께서 이 책에 기록된 생명나무와 그 거룩한 성에 참예함을 제하여 버리실 것이라"(계 22:18,19)
우리가 믿는 견해를 개혁주의적 견해라고 하는 데, 그것은 하나님 말씀은 하나님 말씀이므로 우리가 이해를 지금 잘하든 못하든 관계없이 낱말 하나까지 무오한 말씀임을 믿습니다. 그리고, 모든 말씀이 성령의 영감으로 기록된 성경의 증거를 그대로 받아 들입니다. 설령 설령 불신자가 성경을 읽는다 하더라도, 또는 우리가 일시적으로 그 말씀을 잘 이해하지 못한다 할지라도 모든 성경은 그대로 변함없이 하나님의 말씀인 것입니다. 성경의 한 구절 한 구절이 모두 하나님의 말씀인 것입니다. IV. 하나님의 믿음과 삶의 유일한 규칙으로서의 하나님 말씀
성경이 하나님의 말씀이며, 그리스도인들이 어떻게 하나님을 영화롭게 하고 살아갈 것인지를 바르게 가르쳐 주시는 유일한 계시의 말씀입니다.
그러므로 우리는 이 말씀에 대한 전적이고 무한한 신뢰를 가져야 합니다. 그러한 신뢰를 위하여 우리가 알아야 할 것들이 있습니다.
1) 우리는 성경이 무오(無誤)함(Infallibility)을 믿습니다.
이 말은 성경이 말하는 모든 것이 진리라는 의미입니다.
물론 문맥이나 말들의 상황을 떠나서 성경의 모든 진술을 진리로 받아들일 수 있다는 뜻은 아닙니다.
예를 들자면, 시편 53:1에는 “하나님이 없다.”란 말이 있는데, 이 말은 단지 진술의 한 부분에 불과한 것이지요. 그 말만 꺼내어서 이것이 진리이다라고 한다면 그것은 거직입니다. 성경이 무오하다는 것은 성경 전체를 놓고 볼 때에 그 부분은 진리이다라는 말입니다.
그 진술의 모두를 읽자면, “어리석은 자는 그 마음에 이르기를 하나님이 없다 하도다.”입니다.
성경 전체를 읽고 그것이 무엇을 의미하는가를 이해 할 때 우리는 성경의 모든 진술이 무오함을 알 수 있습니다.
2) 성경은 명료(Clarity)하다.
성경은 평범한 사람들이 이해할 수 있도록 기록되었습니다. 특별히 성경적 훈련이나 교육을 받은 사람만 이해할 수 있는 말씀이 아닙니다.
하나님은 어린아이들에게까지도 직접 말씀하십니다.(엡 6:1-3).
어떤 교회는 이것을 부인하면서, 성경을 이해할 수 있는 자들은 사제나 학자들만이라고 합니다. 그리고는 알반 사람들에게 성경을 마음대로 읽는 것을 금합니다.
물론 성경에는 우리가 이해하지 못할 많은 것이 있음은 사실입니다. 그것은 박식한 학자라 할지라도 마찬가지일 것입니다.
그러나 하나님께서는 그의 성령님으로 평범한 사람들이 구원을 받는 데 알아야 할 필요가 있는 것들을 아주 분명히 이해하도록 인도하실 수 있고, 또 인도하십니다.
구원의 길을 보일 뿐 아니라, 구원받은 사람이 어떻게 하나님을 기쁘시게 하며 살아야 하는지를 분명히 보여 주는 것입니다.
3) 성경은 충족(Sufficiency)하다.
그리고, 우리가 구원을 위해 알아야 될 바를 알기 위해서 성경 외에 어떤 것도 필요하지 않다는 사실도 강조하여야 합니다.
오늘날 종교다원주의가 이것을 부인합니다. 그리고 많은 그릇된 혼합주의적 종교가 이것을 부인합니다. 성경외에도 다른 계시가 필요하다고 주장합니다.
로마 카토릭에서는 성경을 믿지만, 마찬가지로 교회의 전통과 교황의 공적 말을 믿어야 한다고 말합니다. 현대주의자들은 성경과 아울러 ‘과학의 발견’이 필요하다고 말합니다. 그러나 예수님은 성경만으로 충분하다고 말씀하셨다 (계 22:18-20).
성경은 스스로 말하기를 성경을 가진 자들은 “모든 선한 일을 하기에 온전하다.”고 말합니다.(딤후 3:15-17).
그러면 신조나 신앙 고백, 개혁주의 교회의 교리서 등은 어떻게 생각하여야 합니까?
당연히 우리는 이것들이 성경보다 훨씬 아래에 있음을 항상 기억해야 합니다. 이것들은 어떤 방법으로든지 성경과 동등시 되어서는 안 되며, 또 되려고 의도되지도 않았습니다.
우리는 이것들을, 성경을 가르침에 있어서 편리한 요약으로 사용 할 뿐이며, 주석과 같이 성경을 이해하는데 도움을 줄 뿐입니다.
그리고 우리는 “교리 문답만을 믿는다.”고 말한다거나 그것에 결코 만족해서도 안됩니다.
그리고 우리 개개인은 성경을 읽고 연구함으로써 교리 문답의 가르침이 올바르다고 입증됨을 항상 확신해야 합니다. 그래야만 우리의 신앙은 인정될 수 있고 안전하게 되는 것입니다.
[질 문]
1) 교육을 많이 받은 현자는 교육을 받지 않은 범인, 즉 보통 사람들보다 하나님의 진리를 아는 데 더 나은가요? 그 이유는 무엇입니까?
2) 자연계시와 특별계시가 무엇인지를 설명하여 보십시오. 왜 우리에게 특별계시가 필요한지를 함께 설명하여 주세요.
3) 하나님의 "말씀의 빛" 아래서 사물을 판단하였던 인간이 이제 실험과 시행착오의 과정을 거치는 "과학적 방법"을 채택하게 됩니다. 여러분들의 생각에 무엇이 문제라고 생각하십니까?
4) 자유주의 와 신정통주의, 그리고 개혁주의 성경관에 대하여 차이점을 간단히 설명하여 보세요.
5) “성경이 무오하다.” “성경이 명료하다.” “성경이 충족하다.”란 뜻이 무엇인지를 설명하여 보세요. 그리고 누가 이것을 부인하는지 말해 보세요.
6) 성경이 충족성을 가졌다면 왜 교리 문답이 필요한가?
New book shines light on abuse and racist discrimination of Catholic nuns
New book shines light on abuse and racist discrimination of Catholic nuns
New book shines light on abuse and racist discrimination of Catholic nuns
'The Veil of Silence,' a new book by Vatican reporter Salvatore Cernuzio, details the racism, abuse and discrimination faced by nuns in female Catholic congregations.
Nuns follow Pope Francis as he recites the Angelus noon prayer from the window of his studio overlooking St.Peter's Square, at the Vatican, Sunday, Aug. 16, 2020. (AP Photo/Andrew Medichini)
November 29, 2021
By
Claire Giangravé
VATICAN CITY (RNS) — In a newly published book, a Vatican journalist details the mental and physical abuse, oppression and racism experienced by religious sisters. Their treatment is often considered one of the most hidden issues within the Catholic Church.
The book, “The Veil of Silence: Abuses, Violence and Frustrations in Female Religious Life,” is written by Salvatore Cernuzio, a Vatican reporter from Italy, after he began to hear the stories of abuse and belittlement that exist in many female religious congregations.
Cernuzio tells the story of 11 nuns from different backgrounds and from countries all over the world who experienced forms of abuse — verbal, physical and sexual — while in a religious congregation. The stories differ in terms of who perpetrated the abuse, the reactions of the victims and the cultural context. But the stories share a common approach from the hierarchy, the book argues.
“They chose to ‘protect’ the good name of the institution by sacrificing the victim,” Cernuzio writes in the introduction to his book. “The abused nun is transferred, accused of seducing the priest, and the priest stays at his place, continuing his predatory activity undisturbed.”
The Italian cover of “The Veil of Silence: Abuses, Violence and Frustrations in Female Religious Life” by Salvatore Cernuzio. Courtesy image
When the abuse comes from a woman, the alleged victims are laughed off, Cernuzio wrote. Most of the stories in the book do not involve sexual abuse but, rather, cases of psychological abuse and abuse of power that have left a deep mark in the lives of the nuns. The fact that instances of abuse in female congregations vary widely makes them “even more difficult to recognize and address,” Cernuzio writes.
The issue of racism emerges several times in the book, often experienced by women from Africa, India and the Philippines who are more vulnerable because they lack social support. “Many claim to have been evaluated based on the color of their skin or their country of origin, regardless of their qualities and formation,” Cernuzio wrote.
A Black nun in the book, referred to as Anne-Marie, spent every morning clearing snow during the winter in Minnesota while the other nuns watched from inside. She also felt like she was never listened to during the community meetings, “especially because I was foreign, and worse still, African.”
Every nun who spoke to Cernuzio asked to remain anonymous, a clear sign of the “climate of fear” that Cernuzio believes to be the “most dangerous and challenging obstacle to possible reform efforts.”
Many of the nuns saw their congregations and even the Vatican turn their back on them once they decided to leave their communities and were left alone to address the mental health issues they developed as a result of their experiences.
“They forgot that behind the habit there were people,” said the nun, Marcela, in the book, adding that many in her congregation suffered from stress and burnout. Another nun said she was forced by her superiors to leave the congregation after being diagnosed with depression.
In 2019, on his flight back from an apostolic visit to the Middle East, Pope Francis acknowledged the reality of abuse experienced by many religious sisters, which he described as an “ongoing problem” and a “scandal.” He told reporters that some clergymen had already been suspended as a result and that the church was “working on it.”
That same year, Pope Francis issued a decree known as a motu proprio, called “Vos Estis Lux Mundi,” meaning “You are the light of the world.” The document introduced new procedures to combat sexual abuse, making it mandatory for priests and nuns to report cases of abuse to the competent authorities.
Salvatore Cernuzio. Courtesy photo
A nun in the book, going by the name Elizabeth, said she was stopped from reporting the abuse of a fellow nun by her superior general, despite Pope Francis’ decree. In the book, she talked to Cernuzio about religious sisters being “kept in captivity.”
Another nun, Sister Aleksandra, claimed she was sexually abused by a priest with whom she collaborated for a project to support young women wishing to become nuns. When she reported the fact to her superior general, she was told there had been previous reports and that “obviously, if it happened, it’s because us nuns provoked the priests.”
Nearly 4% of religious congregations have been put under investigation by the Vatican due to abuse allegations, according to data from the Vatican Congregation for Institutes of Consecrated Life, but Cernuzio believes this is “just the tip of the iceberg.”
Numerous cases of abuse of nuns have been reported all over the world, and in India a bishop was arrested in 2018 for having allegedly abused a nun 13 times over the span of two years. In July 2020, the Jesuit-run magazine “Civiltà Cattolica” published a report on the cases of sexual abuse of nuns. A 2018 investigative report by the Associated Press found that the abuse of nuns “is global and pervasive, thanks to the universal tradition of sisters’ second-class status in the Catholic Church and their ingrained subservience to the men who run it.”
RELATED: Pope Francis and Macron meet at the Vatican amid clergy abuse scandals in France
Religious orders are at their worst “when they are interpreted and enacted in such a way to infantilize, oppress or even manipulate and destroy people,” wrote Sr. Nathalie Becquart, the undersecretary of the General Secretariat for the Synod of Bishops, in the preface to the book.
According to Becquart, the abuse of nuns in the Catholic Church must be addressed in the wider context of synodality, referring to Pope Francis’ effort to reform the power structures within the institution through “listening and the participation of everyone and taking joined responsibility.”
Lucetta Scaraffia, the former editor of “Women, Church, World,” a monthly magazine published alongside the Vatican newspaper L’Osservatore Romano, resigned in 2019, claiming that the Vatican had tried to stop her from publishing stories on the abuse of nuns.
In an interview with Religion News Service, Scaraffia said the abuse of nuns in the church is a “much more complex” issue, because in some cases priests who committed the abuse are also responsible for procuring abortions if the nun is pregnant. The Catholic Church is vocally opposed to abortion and considers it a sin, meaning such cases create “a crisis of credibility of the church that goes beyond sexual weakness.”
“Since there are loads of reports by religious sisters at the Vatican, they don’t want to consider them as believable voices,” Scaraffia said. “If you don’t think the reports of abuse are believable it implies that you don’t think that anything coming from women is believable, for me these two things are connected.”
“The Veil of Silence” is currently only available in Italian.
New book shines light on abuse and racist discrimination of Catholic nuns
'The Veil of Silence,' a new book by Vatican reporter Salvatore Cernuzio, details the racism, abuse and discrimination faced by nuns in female Catholic congregations.
Nuns follow Pope Francis as he recites the Angelus noon prayer from the window of his studio overlooking St.Peter's Square, at the Vatican, Sunday, Aug. 16, 2020. (AP Photo/Andrew Medichini)
November 29, 2021
By
Claire Giangravé
VATICAN CITY (RNS) — In a newly published book, a Vatican journalist details the mental and physical abuse, oppression and racism experienced by religious sisters. Their treatment is often considered one of the most hidden issues within the Catholic Church.
The book, “The Veil of Silence: Abuses, Violence and Frustrations in Female Religious Life,” is written by Salvatore Cernuzio, a Vatican reporter from Italy, after he began to hear the stories of abuse and belittlement that exist in many female religious congregations.
Cernuzio tells the story of 11 nuns from different backgrounds and from countries all over the world who experienced forms of abuse — verbal, physical and sexual — while in a religious congregation. The stories differ in terms of who perpetrated the abuse, the reactions of the victims and the cultural context. But the stories share a common approach from the hierarchy, the book argues.
“They chose to ‘protect’ the good name of the institution by sacrificing the victim,” Cernuzio writes in the introduction to his book. “The abused nun is transferred, accused of seducing the priest, and the priest stays at his place, continuing his predatory activity undisturbed.”
The Italian cover of “The Veil of Silence: Abuses, Violence and Frustrations in Female Religious Life” by Salvatore Cernuzio. Courtesy image
When the abuse comes from a woman, the alleged victims are laughed off, Cernuzio wrote. Most of the stories in the book do not involve sexual abuse but, rather, cases of psychological abuse and abuse of power that have left a deep mark in the lives of the nuns. The fact that instances of abuse in female congregations vary widely makes them “even more difficult to recognize and address,” Cernuzio writes.
The issue of racism emerges several times in the book, often experienced by women from Africa, India and the Philippines who are more vulnerable because they lack social support. “Many claim to have been evaluated based on the color of their skin or their country of origin, regardless of their qualities and formation,” Cernuzio wrote.
A Black nun in the book, referred to as Anne-Marie, spent every morning clearing snow during the winter in Minnesota while the other nuns watched from inside. She also felt like she was never listened to during the community meetings, “especially because I was foreign, and worse still, African.”
Every nun who spoke to Cernuzio asked to remain anonymous, a clear sign of the “climate of fear” that Cernuzio believes to be the “most dangerous and challenging obstacle to possible reform efforts.”
Many of the nuns saw their congregations and even the Vatican turn their back on them once they decided to leave their communities and were left alone to address the mental health issues they developed as a result of their experiences.
“They forgot that behind the habit there were people,” said the nun, Marcela, in the book, adding that many in her congregation suffered from stress and burnout. Another nun said she was forced by her superiors to leave the congregation after being diagnosed with depression.
In 2019, on his flight back from an apostolic visit to the Middle East, Pope Francis acknowledged the reality of abuse experienced by many religious sisters, which he described as an “ongoing problem” and a “scandal.” He told reporters that some clergymen had already been suspended as a result and that the church was “working on it.”
That same year, Pope Francis issued a decree known as a motu proprio, called “Vos Estis Lux Mundi,” meaning “You are the light of the world.” The document introduced new procedures to combat sexual abuse, making it mandatory for priests and nuns to report cases of abuse to the competent authorities.
Salvatore Cernuzio. Courtesy photo
A nun in the book, going by the name Elizabeth, said she was stopped from reporting the abuse of a fellow nun by her superior general, despite Pope Francis’ decree. In the book, she talked to Cernuzio about religious sisters being “kept in captivity.”
Another nun, Sister Aleksandra, claimed she was sexually abused by a priest with whom she collaborated for a project to support young women wishing to become nuns. When she reported the fact to her superior general, she was told there had been previous reports and that “obviously, if it happened, it’s because us nuns provoked the priests.”
Nearly 4% of religious congregations have been put under investigation by the Vatican due to abuse allegations, according to data from the Vatican Congregation for Institutes of Consecrated Life, but Cernuzio believes this is “just the tip of the iceberg.”
Numerous cases of abuse of nuns have been reported all over the world, and in India a bishop was arrested in 2018 for having allegedly abused a nun 13 times over the span of two years. In July 2020, the Jesuit-run magazine “Civiltà Cattolica” published a report on the cases of sexual abuse of nuns. A 2018 investigative report by the Associated Press found that the abuse of nuns “is global and pervasive, thanks to the universal tradition of sisters’ second-class status in the Catholic Church and their ingrained subservience to the men who run it.”
RELATED: Pope Francis and Macron meet at the Vatican amid clergy abuse scandals in France
Religious orders are at their worst “when they are interpreted and enacted in such a way to infantilize, oppress or even manipulate and destroy people,” wrote Sr. Nathalie Becquart, the undersecretary of the General Secretariat for the Synod of Bishops, in the preface to the book.
According to Becquart, the abuse of nuns in the Catholic Church must be addressed in the wider context of synodality, referring to Pope Francis’ effort to reform the power structures within the institution through “listening and the participation of everyone and taking joined responsibility.”
Lucetta Scaraffia, the former editor of “Women, Church, World,” a monthly magazine published alongside the Vatican newspaper L’Osservatore Romano, resigned in 2019, claiming that the Vatican had tried to stop her from publishing stories on the abuse of nuns.
In an interview with Religion News Service, Scaraffia said the abuse of nuns in the church is a “much more complex” issue, because in some cases priests who committed the abuse are also responsible for procuring abortions if the nun is pregnant. The Catholic Church is vocally opposed to abortion and considers it a sin, meaning such cases create “a crisis of credibility of the church that goes beyond sexual weakness.”
“Since there are loads of reports by religious sisters at the Vatican, they don’t want to consider them as believable voices,” Scaraffia said. “If you don’t think the reports of abuse are believable it implies that you don’t think that anything coming from women is believable, for me these two things are connected.”
“The Veil of Silence” is currently only available in Italian.
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