2019/06/01

Amazon.com: An Odyssey: A Father, a Son, and an Epic: Daniel Mendelsohn



Amazon.com: An Odyssey: A Father, a Son, and an Epic (9780385350594): Daniel Mendelsohn: Books





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An Odyssey: A Father, a Son, and an EpicHardcover – Deckle Edge, September 12, 2017
by Daniel Mendelsohn (Author)
4.6 out of 5 stars 132 customer reviews






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Named a Best Book of 2017 by NPR, Library Journal, The Christian Science Monitor, and Newsday
Kirkus Best Memoir of 2017
Shortlisted for the 2017 Baillie Gifford Prize

From award-winning memoirist and critic, and bestselling author of The Lost: a deeply moving tale of a father and son's transformative journey in reading--and reliving--Homer's epic masterpiece.


When eighty-one-year-old Jay Mendelsohn decides to enroll in the undergraduate Odyssey seminar his son teaches at Bard College, the two find themselves on an adventure as profoundly emotional as it is intellectual. For Jay, a retired research scientist who sees the world through a mathematician's unforgiving eyes, this return to the classroom is his "one last chance" to learn the great literature he'd neglected in his youth--and, even more, a final opportunity to more fully understand his son, a writer and classicist. But through the sometimes uncomfortable months that the two men explore Homer's great work together--first in the classroom, where Jay persistently challenges his son's interpretations, and then during a surprise-filled Mediterranean journey retracing Odysseus's famous voyages--it becomes clear that Daniel has much to learn, too: Jay's responses to both the text and the travels gradually uncover long-buried secrets that allow the son to understand his difficult father at last. As this intricately woven memoir builds to its wrenching climax, Mendelsohn's narrative comes to echo the Odyssey itself, with its timeless themes of deception and recognition, marriage and children, the pleasures of travel and the meaning of home. Rich with literary and emotional insight, An Odyssey is a renowned author-scholar's most triumphant entwining yet of personal narrative and literary exploration.





Editorial Reviews

Review




“Subtle, profoundly moving . . . an intricately constructed, multidimensional journey of a father and son and their travails through life and love. Mendelsohn weaves his basket with many wands; the complexity seems natural, an account of the quality of life itself, a route to revelation. Mendelsohn explicates the Odyssey with exemplary and generous clarity. A book of shimmering, beautiful, dapple-skilled intelligence.” —Adam Nicolson, The New York Times Book Review

“Rich, vivid, a blood-warm book . . . a deeply moving tale of a father and son’s transformative journey in reading—and reliving—the Odyssey. Mendelsohn wears his learning lightly yet superbly. What catches you off guard about this memoir is how moving it is: it has many things to say not only about Homer’s epic poem, but about fathers and sons. Mendelsohn has written a book that’s accessible to nearly any curious reader. The book partakes of at least four genres: classroom drama; travel writing; biographical memoir; literary criticism. Revealing and funny . . . Mendelsohn makes Homer’s epic shine in your mind.” —Dwight Garner, The New York Times

“My favorite classicist once again combines meticulous literary investigation with warm and wrenching human emotion—books like these are why I love reading.” —Lee Child

“Poignant, tender, affecting. . . . Mendelsohn is one of the finest critics writing today; he’s also an elegant and moving memoirist. One of the pleasures of reading him in any genre is being in expert hands. Mendelsohn’s new book draws on all his talents as he braids critical exegeses into intimate reminiscences, to illuminate them both. In An Odyssey, a seminar at Bard College becomes a voyage of discovery, not just for his students but also for Mendelsohn. He is alert to ambiguities, aware that the path to any truth is a winding one; his defining skill is his ability to trace those paths in rich detail and intricate layers of revelations that build to a deeper understanding—of art, of life—that is humanly and artistically satisfying. Mendelsohn’s use of the classical Greek technique of ring composition perfectly captures the stop-and-start rhythms of his progress . . . Brilliant.” —Wendy Smith, The Washington Post

“When Daniel Mendelsohn’s mathematician father lands in his son’s Homer seminar at Bard, the older man sets in motion an odyssey both hilarious and heartfelt. Father and son start in the pages of an epic, board a ship to follow the hero’s path through the Mediterranean, and finally end where all our stories do. An Odyssey melds genius-level lit crit with gut-level moving memoir. Beautiful and wise.” —Mary Karr

“A happy homecoming of another kind. Dread of the alien thrums through [Homer’s] Odyssey; for Mendelsohn, the ancient tale becomes an occasion not only to explore his relationship with his father, but to transform it. He recounts the progress of the seminar he teaches, in which his father is a lively (often obstreperous) presence. The students are invigorated. In acknowledging the power of the Homeric poem to bring depth to human relations, Mendelsohn’s father is acknowledging the value of his son’s world and expertise. The recognition leaves Mendelsohn free to see through his father’s hardness—his ‘exacting standards for everything’—to the vulnerable fighter within: a scrappy, strategizing Odysseus from the Bronx. What solace or despair resides in the unexpected relevance of this ancient poem, its encounters with Otherness thrown into high relief by the xenophobia of our time? Three millennia later, we have yet to habitually turn to the bedraggled stranger and take note of his tears. . . . Poignant.” —Rebecca Newberger Goldstein, The Atlantic

“Tender . . . complex and moving: a book that has much to say about fathers and sons. On one level, An Odyssey elegantly retells the story of Mendelsohn’s Odyssey course, complete with all the gags, competition, and good cheer of an intergenerational bromance. [But] it dives deeper, excavating a portrait of Mendelsohn’s special student, his father: his lonely childhood, his early brilliance, his forfeiture of Latin for a life of numbers. Why a man so warm could be so cold. As Mendelsohn unpeels the layers of his father’s life and education, he dramatizes the beauty—and tedium—of the classroom. The reality of instruction is messy; Mendelsohn happily shows us how difficult the transference of passion can be. In this way, the students become supporting characters to the book’s hero, Mendelsohn’s father, who lurks in the corner like a hero in disguise. There is but one ending to the book; within a year, Jay would die, and so Mendelsohn’s journey—indeed like Homer’s—would be undertaken after the fact, when something remained to be learned. It is a remarkable feat of narration that such a forbiddingly erudite writer can show us how necessary this education is, how provisional, how frightening, how comforting.” —John Freeman, The Boston Globe

“By turns family memoir, brilliant literary criticism, and a narrative of education. Most of all, An Odyssey is a love story. Mendelsohn makes his way through the text of the Odyssey, but also tells a larger, personal story—of his family. Both odysseys focus on quests, recognitions, homecomings. The book asks: How can you really know anyone else? A truth everywhere acknowledged in Mendelsohn’s odyssey is that everyone has a story, just as every hero has a flaw, and that everyone needs stories to get through life. Mendelsohn is the professor every college kid dreams about: learned, sympathetic, encouraging and challenging in equal measure. Like Homer, Mendelsohn makes us grateful for journeys, and the companions—especially our families—who accompany us along our individual and collective paths. . . . In An Odyssey, he reels us in with a storyteller’s strongest gifts: passion, clarity, and timing.” —Willard Spiegelman, Wall Street Journal

“Fascinating. . . intensely moving. There are many moments to cherish in this tangled and passionate investigation. Mendelsohn’s exploration is [both] a personal family memoir and a critical report on Homer’s epic, and the two facets illuminate each other. Mendelsohn is an imaginative teacher, and the discussion of the Odyssey sparkles. The Mediterranean cruise that father and son take pays off in surprising ways; we get a haunting glimpse of the fear that the end of your journey means finis, the hope residual in permanent postponement. Best of all are the various small recognitions that combine to build the late-blossoming intimacy between father and son. This is an honest, and loving, account of the improbable odyssey that gave them this one last deeply satisfying adventure together.” —Peter Green, The New York Review of Books

“Heartfelt, touching . . . a dazzlingly rich story of identity and recognition from an exacting critic and award-winning memoirist. . .When his father enrolled in Mendelsohn’s undergraduate seminar, Mendelsohn didn’t know his father would only have a year to live. The course, and the cruise retracing Odyssey’s voyage to Ithaca a few months later, set in motion an emotional journey neither man could have anticipated. With each new foray in his oeuvre, Mendelsohn discovers deeper truths about those we think we know, including ourselves. Mendelsohn’s intelligence glitters on the page.” —Rajat Singh, Los Angeles Review of Books

“Mendelsohn is a force. His sentences are freighted with knowledge, observation, and feeling. Both the classroom experience—where Mendelsohn’s father Jay serves as a counterpoint to Mendelsohn’s sharp reading of the story—and the boat excursion they take offer opportunities: his father slowly sheds his carapace and gives himself over to the adventure, revealing a side that we—and his son—may not have seen before. Mendelsohn is an encouraging teacher with enthusiasm and wonderful energy. But perhaps most significantly, readers come to understand him as a man with long-borne emotions, for his relationship with his father has not been the easiest. [This] father-son journey with Homer as guide [is] no buddy story, but a hard-fought, hard-won, late-life conciliation.” —Peter Lewis, Christian Science Monitor

“Fascinating . . . Mendelsohn expertly examines the Odyssey with depth and classical acumen, extracting meaning from even its most subtle moments. He explores [its] historical importance with the comfortable clarity of someone who has spent decades immersed in Greek literature. He details his own relationship with the ancient poem, and he culls from the narrative many insights into his own familial bonds, specifically with his father. But the most entertaining part may be the classroom scenes. By the end of the semester, Mendelsohn’s father had become part of the class and his presence leads to a revealing and dramatic moment. An Odyssey is a journey worth taking.” —Jonathan Russell Clark, San Francisco Chronicle

“Moving . . . a surprising piece of art—a masterful memoir of reading, teaching and learning; a book as full of twists and turns as its subject, often beautiful too. The Homeric questions about fidelity, heroism and survival are elevated from Mendelsohn’s seminar by the relationship between the two men. This is a story of reconciling a scientist and an artist; Jay, the man of calculus, comes to influence both his son and his fellow pupils. As well as a contribution to the art of memoir, An Odyssey is a vivid defence of the close rereading of a classical text, the tiny questions from which bigger pictures become clear.” —Peter Stothard, The Financial Times

★ “Enlightening—engaging, gripping and deeply moving . . . Mendelsohn explores the enduring relevance of Homer’s Odyssey through a memoir tracing the complex relationship between father and son.” —Library Journal (starred review)

“Beguiling. . . in this memoir, Mendelsohn recounts a freshman class on the Odyssey he taught at Bard College with his father, an 81-year-old computer scientist, sitting in. … Mendelsohn gradually unwraps layers of timeless meaning in the ancient Greek poem; Homeric heroes offer resonant psychological parallels to a modern family. Mendelsohn weaves trenchant literary analysis and family history into a luminous whole. A gem.” —Publishers Weekly

★ “Sharply intelligent. . . A frequent contributor to the New Yorker and the New York Times Book Review, Mendelsohn is also a classics scholar. His father, a retired mathematician, had been interested in the classics during his school days and decided to continue his education by studying with his son . . . Ultimately, this book [is] about what they learn about each other—and what they can never know about each other. The author uses a close reading of the epic to illuminate the mysteries of the human condition; he skillfully, subtly interweaves textual analysis [with] the lessons of life outside it . . . A well-told story that underscores the power of storytelling.”—Kirkus, starred review

“There are a handful of books that have captured the pleasure and romance of [the classics]. Donna Tartt’s The Secret History was one. This is another. What happens in this book isn’t really its point; it’s more about the telling than the tale. And the telling is breathtaking. Homer has a phrase for those who can speak bewitchingly: they have ‘wingèd words’. Mendelsohn has wingèd words.” —Catherine Nixey, The Times (UK)

“Radiant . . . a candid, majestic book on the art of teaching, and the push-pull relationship between professor and student, especially if the student is one’s father. At the book’s center is [Mendelsohn’s father] Jay, whose presence in the classroom bewilders and charms the other students and his son . . . Mendelsohn artfully allows Jay to define himself through bluster and unexpected moments of tenderness. With skill and passion [Mendelsohn] underscores how and why Homer still resonates today. Intimate connections between Greek myths and our own lives reveal the author at his singular best. With this graceful and searching memoir, we all drink from the cup of knowledge proffered by one of our leading philosopher-writers.” —Hamilton Cain, Star Tribune

“Lucid textual analysis [of Homer’s the Odyssey], and a profound meditation on the inherent unknowability of the men who raise us. More than that, An Odyssey is a moving portrait of the father Mendelsohn comes to know in the last years of his father’s life—[a] quest that is the beating heart of the book. I came away with a renewed and deepened sense of the rewards found in a close reading of the Odyssey. The poem is about life itself: marriage, fidelity, homecoming, fatherhood, sonship, duty, honor, love, and in true Greek style, preparation for death. To encounter the poem, and to read it deeply, is to encounter ourselves.” —Thomas Jacobs, America Magazine

“Spellbinding . . . multi-layered, inclusive. . . With bardic capacity, Mendelsohn tells a story that is heroic in scope yet distinctly humble in manner. Mendelsohn's keen, penetrating observations plumb the micro-emotions of the several stories interwoven here. Slowly, painstakingly and with abiding, warm humor, Mendelsohn pursues reconciliation with his prickly father, who becomes a cantankerous student in Mendelsohn’s seminar at Bard College. The book’s magic is in moving from topic to topic, setting to setting, insight to insight, ancient to modern over what is sometimes no more than a paragraph break, and with no creaking of the narrative machinery. A meditation on filial love as candid, tender and in its own way ruthless as its counterparts in the Bible, Shakespeare and Homer . . . written with style as remarkable and flexible as the Odyssey, with sentences Proustian in complexity yet lucid and balanced . . . both dense and fleet, and wholly captivating.” —Tim Pfaff, The Bay Area Reporter

“It’s hard to pierce a legend, even when it’s just generation-old family lore . . . As author-professor, Mendelsohn doesn’t lecture; his storytelling leaves room for other teachers — including his current students, his former professors and relatives who decode multi-layered family myths. All of these relationships yield an emotional bounty, nourished by memories, loyalty, love or some combination of the three. Equal parts lit-crit class, language lesson and memoir, An Odyssey create[s] its own unique and compelling sub-genre. Each element of Mendelsohn’s story is buffed to perfection . . . Brilliant.” —Alison Buckholtz, Florida Times-Union

“A memorable mixture of literature and life. . . One of the students in Mendelsohn's spring undergraduate seminar on Homer's Odyssey was quite different from the others: Mendelsohn's own father. Classroom discussions of Odysseus’ long, wandering journey home to Ithaca led father and son to undertake a real-life Mediterranean cruise retracing the Greek warrior’s travels. Mendelsohn begins to see his father in a new light even while the older man challenges the basic tenets of Homer’s epic. . . [It is] a journey of understanding they undertake together. Interesting and instructive.” —Bridget Thoreson, Booklist

“Brimming with longing and heartbreak . . . A noted memoirist and venerable contributor to a myriad of respected periodicals, Daniel Mendelsohn doesn’t hold back. In this memoir, he turns his attention to two men who have influenced a large portion of his life: Homer, and his own father. An Odyssey carefully unpacks details from Homer’s epic poem, with the author taking the stance of a vigilant observer. Witnessing his father’s guileless rediscovery of the ancient text, Mendelsohn’s life’s work as a classicist is turned on its head. The revelations and thoughts of the central characters of Homer’s Odyssey serve as portals to deeper understanding of contemporary relationships. Studying (and essentially mirroring) Homer’s legendary work allowed both the Mendelsohn father and son to find new dimensions for their love of one another. While the events of An Odyssey conclude with Jay passing away, the vibrant stamp he left behind on his son is evidenced by the profundity of the memoir’s pages. It’s an epic reconciliation, albeit a quiet one, focused on all that he’d been given by his father, celebrating their mutual love and respect.” —Michael Raver, The Huffington Post

“Family memoirs are often chronicles of estrangement and rapprochement, typically seeking to wring meaning from the haze of grief or regret. In this quest, Mendelsohn transcends the demands of the genre with his customary blend of linguistic elegance and narrative panache. He dares readers to engage with the complexities of [Homer’s] epic poem and apply its lessons to their own lives. As the memoir unspools, Mendelsohn’s narrative grip tightens, and the son’s search for his father becomes poignant and powerful.” —Julia M. Klein, The Forward

“Compelling . . . a memorable journey through worlds both ancient and contemporary. As I read Mendelsohn’s wonderfully precise textual analysis of Homer, I couldn’t help but think how similar his interpretative method is to the ways in which Biblical scholars parse the Torah for deeper understanding. With each reading, there is also more to glean. So, too, does Mendelsohn gain more insight into his father, and thus himself, at every step along the way. An Odyssey is a multi-layered tale; a lesson in learning through the journey of life.” —Diane Cole, Jewish Week

“Deeply personal. . . Mendelsohn traces his emotional, intellectual and physical journeys with his father, which he weaves with Homer’s epic poem about Odysseus’ long journey home from battle.” —Robert Nagler Miller, J Weekly

“Enjoyable. . . An Odyssey describes a son’s touching mission to understand his father. In a thoroughly Odyssean conceit, Mendelsohn questions what it takes to recognise the qualities of one’s kin. The appeal of the book lies in the lacunae between Mendelsohn’s understanding of his father and ours. Teaching his father initially seems to teach Mendelsohn only how little they have in common, [but] if any subject can dissolve their differences, it is Classics. Everyone who embarks on an Odyssean quest must fail in his own way. The author doesn’t fail to achieve Odysseus’s heroism. Can a son ever know his father at all? It is to Mendelsohn’s credit that he poses the question before it is too late.” —Daisy Dunn, The New Statesman

“A rich and richly textured book . . . a tour de force. Combining an in-depth literary analysis with a personal narrative is a bold enterprise. An Odyssey could have been, in the hands of a lesser writer, grandiose. It isn’t. It is so well written that every page makes you feel more alert and alive. The brilliance of An Odyssey lies in the insightfulness of the writing, as Mendelsohn immerses himself in the text of Homer’s Odyssey: lives it, breathes it, and presses it for meaning. He is particularly good at physical descriptions; he is also good at demonstrating how difficult it is to understand our parents, the small ways in which we hurt one another, and the tender moments. The ending is heartbreaking. Through Homer, Mendelsohn has created a memorial his father: an extraordinary act of ­filial love.” —Helen Morales, Times Literary Supplement (UK)

“Mendelsohn is an artful storyteller whose skills are equal to the task of weaving Homer’s poem into his own life. In this insightful, tender book, Mendelsohn gracefully marries literary criticism and memoir to describe an intellectual and personal journey that becomes one of profound discovery for both [father and son]. Most impressive are his transitions from scholarly con­sideration of ‘The Odyssey’ to intimate stories of his family life, as when the class discussion flows effortlessly into a magical moment, witnessing [his father] Jay as he offers a heartbreakingly beautiful tribute to his wife… [There are] many wise lessons to be gleaned from this lovely book.” —Harvey Freedenberg, BookPage

“Fascinating . . . by turns cerebral, lively and poignant. Mendelsohn has achieved an enviable renown as essayist, literary critic and author of autobiographical explorations undergirded by insights from classic texts. In Homer’s Odyssey, Telemachus, now 20, is searching for the father he has never known; likewise, while teaching a course on the Odyssey, Mendelsohn discovers that the classroom becomes a way to better understand his cantankerous father. In lesser hands, this sort of parallelism would seem gimmicky, but not here. It’s clear that Mendelsohn’s Socratic method of teaching (via dialogue rather than lecture) forces everyone, including himself, to see things with fresh eyes. Every step of the way, An Odyssey charts a remarkable journey made indelible by Mendelsohn’s elegant prose. —Dan Cryer, Newsday

“Rich. . . surprising, seamless. Mendelsohn is perhaps the most accessible contemporary ambassador of the classics; An Odyssey makes his most convincing case to date for their vital necessity. The book argues that Homer’s classic may be, more than anything else, a family saga. In An Odyssey Mendelsohn places himself in the Telemachus role to ponder his relationship to his own father, who, like many fathers seems to have at some point drifted away. This book is as much tribute to the magic that can occur in the classroom as an unlikely tale of a father and son’s spiritual reunion. It is an adventure in criticism and in familial reckoning, telling the story of how Daniel and his father get to know each other in the last year of his father’s life. Mendelsohn takes us through the Odyssey alongside his class, meanwhile drawing comparisons between his and his father’s journeys, and those of Odysseus and Telemachus. Mendelsohn has honed a method of mixing memoir and criticism to reflect on the problems of contemporary life through the lens of the Greek classics. What’s remarkable is the extent to which the Odyssey truly does help him—and us—understand our lives.” —Craig Morgan Teicher, Bookforum

“A brilliant new memoir . . . richer and deeper than Mendelsohn’s previous work. At its core, it is a funny, loving portrait of a difficult but loving parent: Mendelsohn’s father, Jay, who is, like [the Homeric hero] Odysseus and perhaps all of us, polytropos: “many-sided” or “much-turning.” Mendelsohn sets an account of the Homeric Odyssey alongside a nuanced portrait of his own complicated familial and quasi-familial relationships, including a vivid picture of Mendelsohn’s anger, anxieties and embarrassments about his father. The book shows us how his desire to become a classicist was shaped in part by the desire to please his father, and how he shares some of his father’s need to be always right. Most powerfully, Mendelsohn contrasts his account of Homer with his father’s more critical response . . . the meeting of the two perspectives leads to a far richer reading of the poem. The fault-lines mapped in the disagreements of father and son correspond to some of the most fascinating interpretative questions of The Odyssey itself. Mendelsohn is a perceptive literary critic and a self-consciously elegant writer. An Odyssey is a stellar contribution to the genre of memoirs about reading—literary analysis and the personal stories are woven together in a way that feels both artful and natural. A thoughtful book from which non-classicists will learn a great deal about Homer.” —Emily Wilson, The Guardian (UK)

“A marvellously entertaining and wise chronicle of [Mendelsohn’s and his father’s] odyssey, first in the classroom and then on a tour of the seas around Greece. Mendelsohn senior reveals himself to be a clever questioner and someone capable of motivating a class of reluctant youngsters. Revelations about the sorrows of war, the pangs of love, the craft of matrimony and the laws of travel are had. ‘A good book leaves you wanting more,’ Mendelsohn’s father observes after finishing his son’s seminar. This is powerfully true of this moving new odyssey as well.” —Alberto Manguel, Literary Review (UK)

“A gentle, at times almost nostalgic, work: Mendelsohn’s lithe prose flits seamlessly across intervals and registers, switching from erudite exposition one minute to emotion-filled reminiscence the next. An accomplished, brave book that testifies to what is perhaps the Odyssey’s most abiding message: that intelligence has little value if it isn’t allied to love.” —William Skidelsky, The Observer (UK)

“In An Odyssey, the act of reading Homer tests a father-son relationship. Besides creating page-turning narrative tension, Mendelsohn’s father Jay’s skepticism raises a question: What good are classics to a modern life? Jewel-like moments and meditations arise.” —Giancarlo Buonomo, The New Republic

“Extraordinary . . .Mendelsohn is the closest thing American classicists have to a hometown celebrity; his nonpareil prose has been recognized in wide literary circles. An Odyssey will speak to souls already well-watered by Homer and to those who have yet to drink from his well. An Odyssey is about the challenge we face in attempting to assemble our own prehistories. It is, in other words, the challenge of figuring out your parents. A deeply personal, profoundly moving meditation.” —Johanna Hanink, Eidolon

“Wise and deeply humane—a many-layered memoir; a remarkably warm and intimate book, one that brings an ancient wonder into modern life and creates heroes on a less than epic scale. Mendelsohn explains how his relationship with his father was historically spiky, characterised by patches of silence and distance. Under the teacher-pupil bond, however, it flourishes. Even as Mendelsohn lights up hidden meanings in the Odyssey and universal resonances for the reader, he is not only conveying his knowledge about the epic, but about the little things, too, those details that make a person who they are. In every way, this book is an education.” —Victoria Segal, The Sunday Times (London)

“Brave . . . A memoir that itself is a deeply Odyssean work, not just structurally, but thematically: as Mendelsohn takes us through Homer’s epic, he reveals how its themes – the passing of time, identity and recognition, the bonds between fathers and sons, husbands and wives – resonate across his and his father’s lives. The book thus enacts a truth that has long been central to Mendelsohn’s writing and teaching, which is that the great works of antiquity remain relevant today. This is a gentle, at times almost nostalgic, work; Mendelsohn’s lithe prose flits seamlessly across intervals and registers, switching from erudite exposition one minute to emotion-filled reminiscence the next. This accomplished book testifies to what is perhaps the Odyssey’s most abiding message: that intelligence has little value if it isn’t allied to love.” —William Skidelsky, The Guardian (UK)

“Brilliant . . . not just a memoir but a celebration of Homer’s great poem. Throughout we learn not only of the nuances and stories of the Odyssey, but the actual structure as well, illustrated by the author placing his own story in the parameters of the Greek epic. Mendelsohn proves to be a wonderful teacher; he confidently leads you through the ancient text. He also tells an intimate story about a father and son who don’t become close until late in life. If Homer’s The Odyssey is about any one thing it’s about stories, imagined or real, heroic or tragic. This memoir is also the story of another father and son and the stories they reacted and told each other.” —James Conrad, Chronogram

“A poignant and funny memoir as well as a stirring work of literary criticism.” —Vulture Best Books of 2017 (so far)

“A beautiful personal narrative and literary interpretation . . . an elegiac work in which the Odyssey comes back to life. The ancient story’s leaving and coming back to shared memories is also a strength of a son’s tribute to his father. By turns Mendelsohn becomes closer to his father as the two men take a journey of late-life friendship.” —Michael D. Langan, The Buffalo News

“Part odyssey, part memoir, part lit-crit and part classroom drama, swirling back through time. Mendelsohn has [long] been the plangent voice connecting the ancients with us. But the connectivity never hit home as hard until her undertook An Odyssey, [which is] is essentially a seminar of reading a human being. That human being is his father, and so his erudition is ennobled, and electrified, with true very human love. An Odyssey is a vindication of Mendelsohn’s theory that every man is a great text and the nobility of close reading. When the text is great and the man is your father, close-reading gives life back to the lines and the space between them.” —Joshua David Stein, Fatherly

“Beguiling. . . The ancient tension [between fathers and sons] that Athena, the goddess of wisdom and war, points out in the Odyssey is still simmering when father Jay takes his corner seat in son Daniel's Odyssey class. Mendelsohn's book keeps four stories aloft at once: a summary of The Odyssey; his account of the class he teaches; the story of his relationship with his father; and an account of his own and his father's life. The refreshing thing about An Odyssey is that it’s a repudiation of the cultism of the classics. Reading The Odyssey, the great book, with your failing old man, and keeping each other company in the parallel epic known as life [is] a memory that will last longer than anything on your cellphone.” —Ian Brown, The Globe and Mail (Canada)





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About the Author


DANIEL MENDELSOHN is a frequent contributor to The New Yorker and The New York Review of Books. His books include the international best seller The Lost: A Search for Six of Six Million, winner of the National Book Critics Circle Award and many other honors; a memoir, The Elusive Embrace, a New York TimesNotable Book and a Los Angeles Times Best Book of the Year; a translation, with commentary, of the complete poems of C. P. Cavafy; and two collections of essays, How Beautiful It Is and How Easily It Can Be Broken and Waiting for the Barbarians. He teaches literature at Bard College.


Product details

Hardcover: 320 pages
Publisher: Knopf; First Edition edition (September 12, 2017)
Language: English
ISBN-10: 0385350597
ISBN-13: 978-0385350594
Product Dimensions: 6.7 x 1.1 x 9.5 inches
Shipping Weight: 1.4 pounds (View shipping rates and policies)
Average Customer Review: 4.6 out of 5 stars 132 customer reviews
Amazon Best Sellers Rank: #3,282 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)
#5 in Ancient & Classical Literary Criticism (Books)
#7 in Parent & Adult Child Relationships (Books)
#15 in Parenting Boys


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Biography
Daniel Mendelsohn, an award-winning author, critic, and translator, is a frequent contributor to The New Yorker and the New York Review of Books. Born on Long Island, he began a career in journalism in New York City in the early 1990s while completing his Ph.D. in Classics at Princeton. Since then, his articles, essays, reviews and translations have appeared frequently in numerous national publications, including The New York Times, Esquire, Newsweek, The Paris Review, and Travel + Leisure. He has been the weekly book critic for New York magazine, for which he won the National Book Critics Circle Award for Excellence in Criticism, and has been a columnist for Harper's and The New York Times Book Review. He is presently a regular contributor to BBC Culture.

Mendelsohn's books include a memoir, "The Elusive Embrace" (1999), a New York Times Notable Book of the Year and a Los Angeles Times Best Book of the Year; the international bestseller "The Lost: A Search for Six of Six Million" (2006), which won the National Book Critics Circle Award, the National Jewish Book Award, the Salon Book Award, and many other honors in the US and abroad, including the Prix Médicis in France; two collection of his essays and criticism, "How Beautiful It Is and How Easily It Can Be Broken" (2008), a Publishers Weekly Best Book of the Year, and "Waiting for the Barbarians: Essays from the Classics to Pop Culture" (2012), which was shortlisted for the National Book Critics Circle Prize in Criticism and the PEN Art of the Essay Award; and a two-volume translation, with Introduction and Commentary, of the Complete Poems of the Alexandrian Greek poet Constantine Cavafy (2009), also a Publisher Weekly Best Book of the Year, and was shortlisted for the Criticos Prize (U.K.).

In September 2017, his new memoir, "An Odyssey: A Father, a Son, and an Epic," was published by Alfred A. Knopf in the U.S. and by William Collins in the U.K., where it has been long-listed for the Baillie Gifford Prize for Nonfiction.

Daniel Mendelsohn was inducted into the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 2012; he is also a member of the American Philosophical Society. Other honors include a Guggenheim Fellowship and the George Jean Nathan Prize for Dramatic Criticism. He teaches literature at Bard College and lives in the Hudson Valley of New York.
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132 customer reviews

4.6 out of 5 stars
4.6 out of 5 stars



October 2, 2017

Format: HardcoverVerified Purchase
As other reviewers have noted, Daniel Mendelssohn skillfully interweaves a compelling father and son narrative along with erudite commentary on the text of the Odyssey in this book. The prose is superb, the characters engaging and the narrative makes the reader interested enough to continue reading.

What other reviewers seem to have missed is that the book itself literally is An Odyssey. That is, after describing the literary techniques and themes in Homer's Odyssey Mendelssohn employs the same techniques in relating his story. Look for examples such as ring circles in Mendelssohn's narrative, characters who both hide and reveal their personality and parallels such as Odysseus traveling to the underworld and then the real life characters in turn traveling to Hades symbolically.

What this means is that Mendelssohn has not only weaved a story about fathers and sons into a book on the Odyssey but has actually written an Odyssey of his own in this same interweaving. The degree of care and meticulousness this craft demanded must have been immense.

In short, this is not just a literary commentary, nor is it just a memoir. It is a full fledged work of art in which the author ingeniously casts both of these genres into a Homeric literary form.


71 people found this helpful





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November 27, 2017

Format: Kindle EditionVerified Purchase
Spectacular on every level. I loved The Lost, and eagerly anticipated diving into An Odyssey. Having read the Epic a number of times, I was familiar with the characters/story. This book brought it to life. I listened to it via Audible. Bronson Pinchot was absolutely brilliant, especially in the father's voice. Anyone who had a dad of that generation will find the portrayal of the father poignant yet spot on, definitely not a caricature. I thought my dear , clever, deceased dad who hailed from Bay RIdge Brooklyn, and won his not-the best-high school's Math award, was in the room.
Though the paralleling seemed at times a bit forced, I loved the effort as the tale unfolded. The author's discovery phase towards the end of the book was truly revelatory. Not a lot of adjectives, just the facts, ma'am. A gorgeous rendering of a father/son relationship. At the end of the day, is it a sin to strive for parental approbation? Not if it results in a paean this wonderful. Thank you, yet again, Mr Mendellsohn. Your father was very proud of you. Of that I am certain.


9 people found this helpful





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November 19, 2017

Format: Audible AudiobookVerified Purchase
I read this book in an absurdly short period of time. The subject matter was engrossing, funny and heartbreaking. I felt like I knew Jay, as well as the other students in the class. Everyone pops off the page. The way Mendelson writes is elegant, but this is not a pretentious memoir. Although he and his father are both brilliant, they are also practical men—and gritty in the best way possible. I adored the passion with which Jay pursued his Odyssean education. It's an excellent reminder to all of us that sometimes life lessons don't come packaged neatly. Getting to the heart of a matter may take time, but it is always worth it. I also enjoyed the way the author used a circular kind of structure to weave his own tale. Very mathematical. Jay would be very proud, I think!


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February 24, 2018

Format: HardcoverVerified Purchase
The author of this book is operating on several levels. First, it is a primer on the Odyssey that unravels the heartfelt reason why Odysseus and Penelope yearn to be reunited. Secondly, it is a look at the world and training of a classicist. Then it is a dual father son story. One story is between the author and his father who enrolls in his son's Odyssey seminar at Bard College. In the middle of this semester the pair sails around the Mediterranean Sea visiting sites in the Odyssey. And this journey of theirs is the collision of the baby boomer generation and the warrior World War Two generation entwined in both love and competition. And this leads to the other father son story, the relationship between the trickster warrior Odysseus and his post Trojan War warrior generation son. A professor of mine once asked if Shakespeare was our greatest writer what have we been doing for the last five hundred years to which I say nowadays if Homer was our greatest writer what have we been doing for the last 2,800 years. The answer is waiting for this touching book from Professor Mendelsohn.


5 people found this helpful





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An Odyssey: A Father, a Son, and an Epic

 4.28  ·   Rating details ·  2,125 ratings  ·  455 reviews
From award-winning memoirist and critic, and bestselling author of The Lost: a deeply moving tale of a father and son's transformative journey in reading--and reliving--Homer's epic masterpiece.


When eighty-one-year-old Jay Mendelsohn decides to enroll in the undergraduate Odyssey seminar his son teaches at Bard College, the two find themselves on an adventure as profoundly emotional as it is intellectual. For Jay, a retired research scientist who sees the world through a mathematician's unforgiving eyes, this return to the classroom is his "one last chance" to learn the great literature he'd neglected in his youth--and, even more, a final opportunity to more fully understand his son, a writer and classicist. But through the sometimes uncomfortable months that the two men explore Homer's great work together--first in the classroom, where Jay persistently challenges his son's interpretations, and then during a surprise-filled Mediterranean journey retracing Odysseus's famous voyages--it becomes clear that Daniel has much to learn, too: Jay's responses to both the text and the travels gradually uncover long-buried secrets that allow the son to understand his difficult father at last. As this intricately woven memoir builds to its wrenching climax, Mendelsohn's narrative comes to echo the Odyssey itself, with its timeless themes of deception and recognition, marriage and children, the pleasures of travel and the meaning of home. Rich with literary and emotional insight, An Odyssey is a renowned author-scholar's most triumphant entwining yet of personal narrative and literary exploration. (less)
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     4.28  · 
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    Emma

    Apr 14, 2018rated it it was amazing  ·  review of another edition

    Shelves: netgalley
    I can't imagine that classics professor, Daniel Mendelsohn, imagined having his father join his class on Homer's Odyssey would have had quite the impact it did, on him, his students, or on those of us reading this memoir/lit crit.

    Tackling and untangling the themes of the classic poem, especially the threads of father/son relations, within this unusual class set up allowed for an unconventional yet entirely apropos and moving exploration of his own family dynamic. Critical evaluations of books of The Odyssey link to the author's recollections and musings about childhood, marriage, education, and death- all themselves important aspects of the poem's narrative. Everything is intensely intertwined, reflecting and building the connections between ancient and modern worlds. Even the very structure of the book harks back to the Homeric means of storytelling, the interweaving of past, present, and future to present a multilayered, episodic, and purposeful text that has life lessons at its heart.

    At the end, there's significant self-reflection. Like both Odysseus and Telemachus in the poem, it is clear Daniel Mendelsohn learnt something through sharing this experience with his father and in writing this book about it. I certainly did- not only about the poem itself and the ways of reading it, but about the layered miscommunication that can persist within families. There may be a few small sections that only a classics student could love, the in-depth discussions of specific Greek etymology for example, but they are far outweighed by the larger, more universal issues addressed by Mendelsohn- that of personal identity and the ways (and extent to which) we can know another person, which underly both The Odyssey and his own potential to understand his father. It is incredibly well done- I defy anyone to leave it without an evaluative mindset towards their own familial relationships or a desire to immediately read or reread The Odyssey. Above all, Mendelsohn's passion for the text shines through this book and by the close, it is clear that it can still have a role to play in understanding human behaviour. For those new to it, and rereaders alike, I highly recommend the fresh and vibrant Emily Wilson translation.

    ARC via Netgalley
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    Tamara Agha-Jaffar

    An Odyssey: A Father, a Son, and an Epic by Daniel Mendelsohn is a combination of literary criticism of Homer’s Odyssey, a family memoir, and a travelogue. This is a unique and fascinating combination that Mendelsohn skillfully weaves together by transitioning seamlessly from one genre to another.

    The literary criticism occurs when Daniel Mendelsohn, a Classics professor, conducts a seminar on Homer’s Odyssey. He analyzes the text with his students, providing insights and interpretations that illuminate the text in rewarding ways. The family memoir occurs when Mendelsohn’s octogenarian father sits in on his seminar and contributes to the discussion and analysis. As a result of his father’s reactions to the Odyssey, Mendelsohn interrogates his own relationship with his father, one that had been fraught with tension, misunderstandings, and lack of communication during his formative years. The travelogue occurs when father and son go on a literary cruise that re-traces Odysseus’ return from Troy.

    Mendelsohn describes the structure of Homer’s Odyssey as a “ring composition” in which “elaborate circlings in space and time are mirrored” and where

    …the narrator will start to tell a story only to pause and loop back to some earlier moment that helps to explain an aspect of the story he’s telling—a bit of personal or family history, say—and afterward might even loop back to some earlier moment, thereafter gradually winding his way back to the present, the moment in the narrative that he left in order to provide all this background.

    Mendelsohn replicates this same ring structure in his work, looping backward and forward in time; weaving interpretations, highlighting details, and drawing connections within the poem; translating words from the Greek, providing their definitions, connotations, and context; and applying all of the above to significant events from his life that shed light on his relationship with his father. One of the most intriguing aspects of his discussion of the poem is the manner in which he interrogates Odysseus’ relationship with his son and his father, applying both to father/son relationships in general and to his relationship with his father in specific. This is as much an odyssey of Mendelsohn’s personal discovery of his father’s personality and behaviors as it is anything else.

    What emerges from this work is a sensitive portrayal of Mendelsohn’s father, a fascinating critique of Homer’s Odyssey with profound insights on the poem, and a travelogue describing the locations father and son visit as they pursue their own transformative odyssey.

    A fascinating and compelling work. Highly recommended for anyone with a pulse.
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    Melora

    Apr 29, 2017rated it it was amazing

    Well, now I'm ready for a reread of The Odyssey! Mendelsohn's book, which successfully combines the genres of family memoir and literary criticism, is wonderfully engaging. Mendelsohn, a writer and professor of Classics at Bard College in New York, uses the story of how his father sat in on his “Classics 125: The Odyssey of Homer” seminar as a launching point for exploring family relationships, particularly the bonds between fathers and sons, with all their mysteries and complexities, both in his own life and in the classic epic they study together over the course of a semester.

    Early in his book Mendelsohn brings up the topic of “ring composition,” a literary device where an author uses flashbacks and flashforwards but always circles back to “present” events in the tale, and this device, introduced in reference to The Odyssey, allows him to examine with deepening understanding the life and motivations of the father he loves but has long regarded as cold and tough. Mendelsohn and his father follow up the spring course with a summer “literary cruise” around the sites made famous by Homer's epic, and that experience too offers him new perspectives on his father.

    Like I said, this made me want to reread the Odyssey, and that's saying something, as I've always agreed with Mendelsohn's dad in finding Odysseus is a hard guy to admire. He fails to bring his men home, he cheats on his wife, he's a braggart, etc. Mendelsohn's a skillful teacher, though, and he helped me see details, parallels, and connections in the work that I'd previously missed or not fully appreciated. While I still don't like Odysseus, Mendelsohn showed me that the poem is more concerned with the bonds between family members and profound in its insights in these matters than I'd previously appreciated.
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    Ken

    Jan 27, 2018rated it really liked it

    Not THE Odyssey, but rather AN Odyssey, wrapped around THE Odyssey because the protagonist, Professor Daniel Mendelsohn, teaches a seminar on THE...(oh, you get the idea) and his 80-something year old father sits in on the class to play irascible golden guy.

    It's an odd pairing of lit crit on Homer mixed with memoir on another personal history with yet another tough dad (their numbers are legion). If you're thinking of reading or re-reading The Odyssey, or just recently read it, sitting in on Mendelsohn's Bard College class will only serve to make the experience richer. The book provides lots of insights on the inner workings, allusions, and symbolism in the epic.

    At the same time, in back-and-forth fashion before finally blending with Dad in the classroom, we get the story of a father and a son. TWO fathers and sones (Odysseus and Telemachus, plus Jay Mendelsohn and Dan). THREE fathers and sons, if you want to throw in Laertes and Odysseus, etc.

    Jay Mendelsohn is Old School (as fathers tend to be) and his son is... not. The gentle friction between the two lends the book its forward momentum. Father Jay cares little for Odysseus the Man, but that's because the Big O gets too much help from Athena and cheats on his wife while taking 10 years to get home from the Trojan War. Not up to standards, this Odysseus fellow. And, Daniel thinks, neither am I.

    Or is he? That's what we get here. Overall, high marks, though I can't say I was wild about the blow-by-blow rendering of the classroom. Mendelsohn is Old School in his way, too. He's one of these professors who asks questions with the answer already in mind, for the most part, and when he doesn't get what he wants, he keeps asking in different ways until he does.

    Nevertheless, I enjoyed the Classical insights because I'm getting to be Classical Era myself.
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    Laysee

    May 26, 2019rated it it was amazing

    Shelves: five-star-books
    An Odyssey: A Father, a Son, and an Epic is an immensely satisfying and deeply moving memoir of a son’s search for his father.

    The author, Daniel Mendelsohn, is a Classics Professor at Bard College in New York. In the Spring semester, 2011, Mendelsohn’s 81-year-old father (Jay, a retired research scientist and Mathematics professor) asked to audit his undergraduate semester on the Odyssey. Now, that struck me as a daunting proposition. For sixteen weeks, therefore, from January to May, Jay came to class and participated in discussion with a bunch of undergraduates.

    Jay said he was not going to talk in class, but in the very first class, he challenged the view that Odysseus was a hero. Odysseus was not a ‘real’ hero because “he’s a liar and he cheated on his wife.” “He also lost all his men and all twelve ship. What kind of leader loses all his men? You call that a hero?!” Oh, this was fun for me to read, but a nightmare for Mendelsohn. His reaction, however, was priceless: ”Yep, I said, a little defiantly. I felt like I was eleven years old again, and Odysseus was a naughty schoolmate whom I’d decided I was going to stand by even if it meant being punished along with him.” 

    I remembered little of the Odyssey. What I remembered better was the poem ‘Ulysses’ by Alfred Tennyson, which I loved. It offered a glimpse of Odysseus’ life after he returned home to Ithaca. I trooped along with Jay to class and relished this opportunity to be taught by a Classics scholar, extraordinaire. Book by book, Mendelsohn had his students and me enthralled with Homer’s literary magic. I appreciated his systematic approach to the epic poem beginning with an exposition on the etymology of words - voyage, vacation, travel. The Odyssey, I learned, is a ‘nostos' narrative; ‘nostos’ means Homecoming. It is combined with another Greek word, ‘algos,’ which means pain. Hence, the pain associated with longing for home is ‘nostalgia.’ Mendelsohn also introduced the ring composition, a narrative technique in Greek literature that wove the present and the past together, which mirrored the elaborate circling in space and time in the Odyssey. He drew attention to the long, six-beat, oom-pah-pah meter, also known as the dactylic hexameter in Homer’s twelve thousand one hundred and ten lines. If the reader did not mind some deviation from the memoir, it was all extremely fascinating and rewarding. Mendelssohn provided an absolutely gorgeous analysis of the Odyssey, a phenomenal literary criticism. It was a veritable treat to sit in this seminar!

    Like all good teachers do, Mendelsohn asked searching questions that directed attention to the themes in Homer’s poem. Do heroes cry? “What might a heroism of survival look like?” What makes a good marriage? Why did Odysseus choose mortal Penelope and not the goddess Calypso? “How does one recognize someone after one can no longer rely on physical appearance?”“When the exterior, the face and body, have changed beyond recognition, what remains? Is there an inner ‘I’ that survives time?” “What is the difference between who we are and what others know about us?” These questions generated lively discussion in class. It was fascinating watching the young undergraduates sparring with an elderly man who could have been their grandfather, and even more fascinating to observe the mutual respect and admiration that developed between them.

    In essence, the Odyssey is a homecoming story of a child going in search of an absent father and starting to learn about him and the world. It is a homecoming story. It is the story of Telemachus’ education. This memoir is the story of Mendelsohn’s education. Like Telemachus, Mendelsohn came to know who his father really was. From childhood until his mid twenties, Mendelsohn only knew his father to be a hard man for whom the value of a pursuit resided in the amount of painful exertion it demanded. Mendelsohn admitted, ‘I felt that if I devoted myself to a career whose training was painful, my father might approve of it.’

    I thought it wonderful that at the end of this seminar, Mendelsohn and his father went on a Mediterranean cruise, ‘Retracing the Odyssey.’ On the cruise, Mendelsohn had many opportunities to get acquainted with the softer side of his father. At cocktail hour, Jay sang and charmed the crew on board ship. There were tender moments of revelation that were heartwarming. On one occasion, Mendelsohn reflected, ‘I suddenly realized, this was who he was: a lovely old man filled with charming tales about the thirties and forties, the era to which the music tinkling out of the piano belonged, an era of cleverness and confidence and sass. It was as if he were the Great American Songbook. A spasm of emotion courses through me, something primitive, childish.’This father-son odyssey was particularly poignant as, unbeknownst to them, it was their last educational journey together.

    I will close with Mendelsohn’s quote on teaching, which he exemplified in his seminar class:
    “It was from Fred that I understood that beauty and pleasure are at the center of teaching. For the best teacher is the one who wants you to find meaning in the things that have given him pleasure, too, so that the appreciation of their beauty will outlive him. In this way - because it arises from an acceptance of the inevitability of death - good teaching is like good parenting.”

    I recognize that a book like this is not for everyone. However, if you enjoy the classics, then this may just be your cup of tea. Mendelsohn said of the Odyssey that it is 'scathingly brilliant.' I can confidently say this of his memoir, too. Thank you, Professor Mendelsohn.
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    Elaine

    Mar 01, 2018rated it it was amazing  ·  review of another edition

    Shelves: 2018audio
    I simply loved this book, and Bronson Pinchot's narration was gentle and perfect. I am a former literature major who woke up to the joys of scholarship while studying the Odyssey in freshman seminar, I am going to Greece for the first time this summer with my late-70s parents, and like Mendelsohn, my relationship with my father has been very close, but not always very easy, so perhaps I was perfectly primed for this book. And indeed, I found the interweaving of memoir and literary exegesis entrancing, and I wanted neither the Odyssey nor Mendelsohn's text to end. But I don't think you have to have a family trip to Greece on the horizon to have that connection to this Odyssey. The book is about the circle and cycle of life, about journeys and endings, and the sense of melancholy, love and loss is strong. And the construction is nearly seamless.

    So no, you don't have to be a classics scholar - just have parents, I think -- to connect to this story. The Mendelsohns, Daniel and Jay, will be much in my mind when I finally make it to Greece this summer. And I have been inspired to re-read the Odyssey (in the exciting new translation) as well.
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    Ritinha

    Apr 21, 2019rated it it was amazing  ·  review of another edition
    A Ilíada e a Odisseia não permanecem como berço lírico do cânone ocidental por mero hype ou dogmatização do seu estatuto. O termo «está lá tudo», à luz de análises saturadas, é bem possível que seja de uma adequação absoluta.
    Neste livro sobre livros, Daniel Mendelsohn faz o que melhor sabe - ensinar esses dois clássicos, especialmente a Odisseia, partilhando o deslumbramento - e, enquanto o faz, relata parte da sua biografia familiar com especial ênfase sobre Jay Mendelshon, o seu pai. O qual, j
     ...more
    Lyn Elliott

    I read this five months ago as part of my preparation for an exciting group read of Emily Wilson’s new translation of The Odyssey.
    As so often happens with books I deeply appreciate, I mean to re-read, take detailed notes and then write a considered review. And then, as also often happens, my reading and my life move on and I don’t get back to the book that gave me so much.
    When I finished Mendelssohn, I promised myself and GR that I would write a thoughtful, referenced review, and began the noting process. But now it’s mid-June, and I’ve decided to just write what has stayed with me since the beginning of the year.

    I had not previously thought about the relationships between fathers and sons as a main theme in The Odyssey, but once it was pointed out, it is very clearly a plot driver.
    Mendelssohn cleverly interwove stories of his relationship with his own father with his ongoing class discussions of Odysseus and Telemachus, and was often very funny in describing their differences both in Daniel’s classes and outside them.
    The weekly classroom discussions of the poem could have been clunky, but instead threw up opportunities to explore different interpretations of the text, coming from widely divergent viewpoints. Where there were points of difference over the meaning of individual words or phrases, Mendelssohn gives us his own translations.
    The structure is similar to The Odyssey, as the different narratives intertwine, circling each other, shifting time frames.

    It’s written in an easily accessible style, a major achievement for a work based in such deep scholarship.
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    Rebecca

    In the spring term of 2011, 81-year-old Jay Mendelsohn, a retired mathematician, sat in on his son’s Bard College undergraduate seminar on Homer’s Odyssey. They subsequently went on a “Retracing the Odyssey” cruise together. Again and again, epics like the Odyssey lend not just their structure but also their themes to Mendelsohn’s family story. Notions of heroism and masculinity are interrogated throughout. I suspect this will appeal more to classics buffs than to general readers. However, the quest, with its manifold aspects – to understand Homer’s epic in historical context, to rediscover its incidents in situ, and to reclaim a relationship before it’s too late – is affecting. Can one ever really know the whole of one’s parents’ story, Mendelsohn asks, given how much of a head start they’ve had on life? In this family memoir that plays around with classical literary forms and tropes, that’s the question that lingers.

    See my full review at Shiny New Books.
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    2019/05/26

    민속원 - 【신간안내】 『조선의 귀신』 무라야마 지준 지음



    (11) 민속원 - 【신간안내】 『조선의 귀신』(한국근대 민속·인류학 번역총서 14) 무라야마 지준 지음 / 노성환...








    민속원
    21 May at 10:39 ·



    【신간안내】
    『조선의 귀신』(한국근대 민속·인류학 번역총서 14)

    무라야마 지준 지음
    / 노성환 옮김, 크라운변형판, 양장, 540쪽.


    조선의 문화를 이해하기 위해서는 조선인의 사상을 이해하지 않으면 안된다. 그러기 위해서는 민간신앙으로부터 출발하는 것이 순서일 뿐만 아니라 자연스럽다.

    인간의 사상에 있어서 근기根基를 이루며 생활의 지침으로서 결정되는 정신작용의 3유체三流體인 지知·정情·의意라는 세 가지 작용 중 감정의 작용이 중심을 이룬다는 것은 심리학계에 있어서는 정설로 되어 있다. 이러한 감정 작용이 가장 잘 나타나 있는 것이 신앙현상이다. 그러므로 어떤 사람의 생활을 이해할 경우 신앙현상이 어떠한 것인가를 살펴봄으로써 그 사람이 가지고 있는 사상의 분류를 알게 될 뿐만 아니라 그 사람의 성향과 생활이상生活理想을 이해할 수 있다.
    이러한 신앙현상은 인간의 사상에 근기를 이루고 있는 만큼 일반성이 결여된 개인적인 것이므로 만인이 공통으로 동일한 신앙의식을 가진다는 것은 그다지 쉬운 일이 아니다. 문화란 개인적인 행위에서 나온 것이 아니다. 즉, 공동적 작위作爲로 말미암아 생성된 것이기 때문이다.
    그러므로 이러한 문화를 개인적 성질의 신앙현상으로부터 접근한다는 것은 무의미하다. 따라서 신앙의 현상이 얼마나 그 사상을 여실히 반영하고 있으며, 또 그 사상으로부터 출발한 생활문화를 살펴보는 것은 반드시 필요하다. 다시 말해 신앙현상이 개인적이며 사회의 일부분에 지나지 않는 것이라면 사회 전체의 사상과 문화를 생각하는 데 적절하지 못하다는 것이다. 그러므로 문화를 이해하고 민족사상을 이해하려면 반드시 그 민족의 공통적인 신앙현상을 살펴보아야 한다. 이 같은 공통된 신앙현상이 다름 아닌 민간신앙이다.

    【약력 및 주요 저술】
    무라야마 지준은 1891년 일본 니이가타현新潟県 가리와군刈羽郡 출신으로, 일찍이 모친을 여의고, 일련종日蓮宗 묘광사妙廣寺에 들어가, 그곳의 주지 무라야마 지젠村山智全의 양자가 되어, 그의 영향 아래 성장했다. 제1고를 거쳐 동경제국대학에 입학하여, 1919년 7월 동경제국대학 문학부 철학과를 졸업(사회학 전공)했다. 졸업논문은 「일본 국민성의 발달」이었다.

    졸업하던 그 해 조선총독부의 촉탁이 되어, 조선으로 부임했다. 그의 나이 28세였다. 조선에서 그는 처음에는 사회제도, 조선인의 사상 등을 조사활동을 벌였다. 그 결과물이 1924년에 낸 󰡔조선의 독립사상 및 운동󰡕(조사자료 제10집)이었다. 그 후 의식주를 포함한 서민생활, 귀신과 풍수에 관련된 민속종교, 전통적인 놀이 등을 기록한 조사 자료를 많이 남겼다. 그의 주요 업적을 나열하면 다음과 같다.

    󰡔朝鮮의 服装󰡕 3, 朝鮮総督府, 1927年
    󰡔朝鮮人의 思想과 性格󰡕 調査資料 第二十輯, 朝鮮総督府, 1927年
    󰡔朝鮮의 習俗󰡕 4, 朝鮮総督府, 1928年
    󰡔朝鮮의 鬼神󰡕 調査資料第二十五輯, 朝鮮総督府, 1929年
    󰡔朝鮮의 風水󰡕 調査資料第三十一輯, 朝鮮総督府, 1931年
    󰡔朝鮮의 巫覡󰡕 調査資料第三十六輯, 朝鮮総督府, 1932年
    󰡔朝鮮의 占卜과 預言󰡕 調査資料第三十七輯, 朝鮮総督府, 1933年
    󰡔朝鮮의 類似宗教󰡕 調査資料第四十二輯, 朝鮮総督府, 1935年
    󰡔部落祭󰡕 調査資料第四十四輯, 朝鮮総督府, 1937年
    󰡔釈奠․祈雨․安宅󰡕 調査資料第四十五輯, 朝鮮総督府, 1938年
    󰡔朝鮮의 郷土娯楽󰡕 調査資料第四十七輯, 朝鮮総督府, 1941年
    󰡔朝鮮場市의 研究󰡕(미완의 작품) 国書刊行会, 1999年


    이상과 같은 목록에서 보듯이 조선인의 민속 문화를 이해하기 위해서 그가 얼마나 정열을 쏟았는지를 알 수 있다. 물론 그가 남긴 저서들은 훗날 한국 민속학에 크나큰 영향을 끼쳤음에 틀림없다. 특히 그 중 󰡔조선의 귀신󰡕, 󰡔조선의 풍수󰡕, 󰡔조선의 무격󰡕, 󰡔조선의 점복과 예언󰡕이 출판 되었을 때는 조선인 민속학자 손진태孫晋泰가 서평을 썼을 정도로 국내외의 민속학계로부터 주목을 받았다.
    그는 총독부의 관리(중추원편집과, 조사과, 서무부 조사과, 총독관방의 총무과, 문서과)생활을 하면서, 경성법학전문학교, 사립불교학교, 경성공립상업학교, 세브란스의학전문학교 등에서 학생을 가르치기도 하였으며, 󰡔조선󰡕이란 잡지의 편집을 맡기도 했다.
    이와 같이 조선의 연구와 교육을 활발하게 벌였던 그가 1941년 돌연 일본으로 귀국하여 조선총독부의 지소支所와 같은 성격의 조선장학회에 근무하다가, 은사이자 양부養父인 무라야마 지젠이 1945년 사망하자, 고향으로 돌아가 묘광사의 주지가 된다. 그로부터 13년 후 동경으로 거처를 옮기나, 본인이 바라던 조선관계의 학술활동은 거의 없었으며, 1968년 향년 77세로 세상을 떠났다.

    ※ 자세한 내용은 민속원 홈페이지 (http://www.minsokwon.com/) 참조.




    117Sung Deuk Oak, Sunghwan Jo and 115 others

    8 c

    아들 죽인 범인 용서한 한국인 부모, 미국인들에게 감동





    아들 죽인 범인 용서한 한국인 부모, 미국인들에게 감동



    아들 죽인 범인 용서한 한국인 부모, 미국인들에게 감동

    오인호 기념 장학 사업 지속…이스턴대학 해마다 추모 행사



    박지호 (simpro@newsnjoy.or.kr)

    승인 2008.04.22 08:50









    ▲ "To Turn Sorrow into Christian Purpose"(슬픔을 기독교적 소망으로) 오인호 씨의 묘비명이다. 자신의 아들을 죽인 범인들을 위해 선처를 호소한 오 씨의 부모님이 보낸 편지에 나오는 내용이다. ⓒ미주뉴스앤조이 박지호











    지금부터 꼭 49년 전인 1958년 4월 25일 금요일 밤 9시경 펜실베이니아대학 주변 해밀턴 거리 36가에서 살인 사건이 일어났다. 한국인 유학생 오인호 씨(당시 26세)가 한국에 있는 부모님께 편지를 보내기 위해 집 앞에 있는 우체통으로 다가가는 순간 근처에 숨어 있던 흑인 불량배들이 달려들었다.



    11명의 불량배들은 오 씨를 에워싸고 주먹과 발을 내질렀다. 날카로운 철사가 달린 블랙잭이란 흉기로 그의 머리를 내리치자 살점이 뜯겨져 나갔다. 콜라 병을 깨뜨려 몸을 찔렀다. 정신없이 맞은 오 씨는 비명 한번 제대로 지르지 못하고 그 자리에 쓰러졌다.



    시끄러운 소리를 듣고 창밖을 내다본 이웃의 신고를 받고 출동한 경찰에 의해 오 씨는 병원으로 급히 옮겨졌지만 이내 숨을 거두고 말았다. 오 씨가 머물던 작은아버지 오기항 목사의 집을 나선지 5분 만에 벌어진 일이다. 범인들은 근처 교회에서 열리는 청소년 댄싱 파티 입장료 65센트를 마련하기 위해 이런 짓을 저지른 것으로 밝혀졌다.













    ▲ 사건 발생 이틀 만에 범인들이 붙잡혔다. 이들은 근처 교회에서 열리는 청소년 댄싱 파티 입장료 35센트를 구하기 위해 범행을 저질렀다. (사진 제공 오인호기념코리아센터)











    다음 날 아침 이 소식은 미국 전역으로 퍼져나갔다. 언론들은 이 사건을 대서특필하며 일제히 머리기사로 다뤘다. 시민들은 65센트 때문에 사람을 죽인 범인들의 비인간성에 경악했고, 폭행하는 과정에서 드러난 이들의 잔혹함에 분노했다. 신문마다 “cold-blooded”(냉혈한), “brutal”(잔혹한), “heartless”(무자비한) 등의 수식어를 써가며 범인들을 비판했다. 여론도 들끓었다. 범인들이 비록 청소년들이지만 극형에 처해야 한다는 목소리가 높아만 갔다. 검찰도 중벌을 내리기로 유명한 검사를 배정했다. 당시 재판에 참석했던 대부분의 배심원들도 극형에 처할 것을 주장했다. 결국 11명 중 3명이 살인 혐의로 유죄를 선고 받았다.













    ▲ 사건 발생 3일 후에 열린 오인호 씨의 장례식. 장례식장에는 수많은 조문객이 방문해 고인을 추모했다. 가장 오른편에 서 있는 사람이 필라델피아 시장이다. (사진 제공 오인호기념코리아센터)











    시민들은 오 씨의 참혹한 죽음 앞에서 안타까움과 분노를 표했다. 오 씨의 장례식에 참석한 필라델피아 시장도 눈물을 흘리면서 말을 잇지 못했다. 그런데 필라델피아 시장에게 편지 한 통이 날아왔다. 오 씨의 아버지인 오기병 장로가 한국에서 보낸 편지다. 아들을 죽인 범인들에게 최대한 관대한 판결을 내려줄 것과, 이들을 위해 가족들이 모금한 돈 500불을 보내기로 했다는 내용이 담겨 있었다.



    “… 하나님께서 우리의 슬픔을 승화시켜 기독교적 소망을 주신 것에 감사합니다. … 인호의 사망 소식을 들었을 때 믿을 수가 없었고, 큰 충격과 비탄에 빠졌습니다. 하지만 살인자들의 구원받지 못한 영혼과 인간성 마비에 대해서도 슬프게 생각합니다. 우리는 어떻게든 살인자들의 영혼을 구원하고, 이들에게 생명을 불어넣을 수 있는 도구가 되기를 원합니다. 우리 가족은 가족회의를 열어 법이 허용하는 범위 안에서 가장 관대한 판결이 내려지도록 청원하기로 결정했습니다. 그들은 자신들이 저지른 범죄 행위가 희생자 본인과 그의 가족에게 어떤 결과를 가져올지 몰랐습니다."



    "… 교육적 빈곤이 살해의 직접적인 동기가 되었을 것이라고 생각합니다. 우리 가족은 이들이 석방된 뒤에 직업 교육 및 사회 적응의 목적으로 쓰일 수 있도록 기금을 적립하기로 했습니다. … 이것은 죽임을 당한 이와 죽인 자들에게 생명을 주는 일이며 우리를 기독교적 사랑과 친교 안에 연결되게 하는 길이라고 생각합니다. … 우리는 다만 우리의 죄를 대신하여 죽으신 예수 그리스도로부터 받은 성령으로 우리의 소망을 밝혔을 뿐입니다. 하나님의 축복이 미국 국민들과 특히 우리의 피붙이인 아들을 죽게 한 이들에게 함께 하시기를 기원합니다." 오기병(오인호 씨 아버지) 올림.



    오 장로의 편지로 미국 사회는 다시 한 번 들썩였다. 당시 언론들은 아들을 죽인 원수를 향해 용서와 자비의 손을 내미는 오 씨의 부모를 주목했다. 5월 2일자 <The Evening Bulletin> 신문에는 “To Return Good for Evil”(악을 선으로 갚다), “In Ho Oh's Parents to Give $500 to Help His Slayers”(아들을 죽인 살인자들을 위해 500불 기부한 오 씨의 부모님)라는 제목의 기사들이 실렸다. 뉴욕 <Guidepost>도 4면에 걸쳐 오 씨와 그의 가족에 대한 기사를 담았다. 당시 언론들은 “미국에서 500불은 큰돈이 아니지만, 한국에서 일용직 노동자의 하루 품삯이 2센트~35센트 정도인 점을 감안하면 오 씨 가족에게는 적지 않은 돈”이라며 오 씨의 가족이 보여준 용서에 대한 진정성을 높이 샀다.















    ▲ 오인호 씨의 아버지 오기병 장로(왼쪽)와 어머니 한신현 권사(오른쪽). (사진 제공 오인호기념코리아센터)











    필라델피아 시에서는 유가족을 위해 모든 비용을 지불하고 오 씨의 시신을 한국으로 송환키로 했다. 그러나 오 장로는 오히려 아들을 미국 땅에 묻기 원했다. 아들의 무덤을 통해 미국 국민들이 교육적 빈곤이 청소년 범죄의 일차적인 원인임을 자각하고, 청소년 교육의 책임성을 절감토록 하기 위해서다.







    오 씨의 죽음 이후 필라델피아 시에서는 ‘오인호 기념 장학금’을 마련해 장학금을 모금했다. 그 장학금으로 두 명의 한국 학생이 펜실베이니아대학에 입학해서 박사 학위 과정까지 마쳤다. 필라델피아에 있는 교회들도 160만 불이 넘는 기금을 모금해 숭실대학교에 전달하고, 일부는 적십자사에 사회복지기금으로 기부했다. 1962년에는 미국 장로교회가 이 사건을 바탕으로 한 ‘An Epistle from Koreans’(한국에서 온 편지)라는 영화를 만들어 5,000곳이 넘는 미국 교회들에서 상영했다. 범인 중 한 명은 훗날 오 씨의 부모님에게 용서를 구하는 내용의 편지를 보냈다.



    오 씨와 함께 살았던 작은아버지 오기항 목사는 사건 이후 이 비극을 어떻게 기독교적 소망으로 승화시킬 것인가 하는 문제를 놓고 고민하기 시작했다. 한국에 있는 가족들과도 상의했다. 한국에 있는 오 씨의 가족들은 범인들을 돕고자 했으나 흑인 커뮤니티에서 이 사건이 어떤 식으로든 거론되는 것을 부담스럽게 여겼다. 결국 가족들이 사재를 들여 ‘오인호 기념 코리아 센터’를 건립하고 어떤 형태로든 오 씨의 가족들이 보여준 사랑의 정신을 실천에 옮기기로 했다.



    오 목사 부부는 월세가 100불 정도 하던 낡은 집을 구입해서 개조했다. 그곳에서 미국인들과 문화 교류를 가졌다. 한국인들과 미국인들이 함께 어울리며 교제하는 친선 프로그램을 통해 서로의 문화를 배우고 이해하는 시간이었다. 이 모임은 기도 모임으로 발전해 80년대 후반까지 30여 년간 이어졌다.



    센터는 또 당시 극소수에 불과했던 재미 한국인들을 섬기는 일에도 뛰어들었다. 한국이 가난하던 시절이었기에 유학생들이나 교포들의 생활도 어렵기는 마찬가지였다. 갑자기 몸이 아프거나, 당장 생활비가 없거나, 급한 일을 앞두고 교통편이 없어 발을 굴러야 하는 일들이 많았다. 자동차가 없는 유학생들을 위해 교통편을 제공하는 봉사활동을 벌였고, 머무를 곳도 없이 미국으로 건너온 유학생들을 재우고 먹이는 일도 했다. 실수로 임신한 사실을 알고 한국에서 모든 지원을 끊어버려 오갈 데 없었던 여학생을 맡아서 태어난 아기와 여학생을 돌보기도 했다.















    ▲ 센터의 모든 일을 도맡아 하던 오 목사가 작년에 세상을 떠나면서 ‘오인호 기념 센터’는 멈춰있다. 건물은 잠겨 있고, 센터 앞 공터에는 잡초가 무성했다. ⓒ미주뉴스앤조이 박지호











    70년대에는 한인 1·5세와 2세들을 위해 한글학교를 열어 한글을 비롯해 한국 문화와 전통을 가르쳤다. 90년대에 들어서는 이민자들의 실제적인 필요를 채우기 위해 법률 서비스와 의료 서비스를 펼쳤다. 아시아법률센터를 설치해 한국인뿐 아니라 아시아계 이민자들에게 무료 법률 상담 서비스를 제공했다. 밀입국하다 적발되어 유치장에 갇힌 중국인들을 위해 영주권 취득을 도와주기도 했다.



    하지만 센터의 모든 일을 도맡아 하던 오 목사가 작년에 세상을 떠나면서 ‘오인호 기념 센터’는 멈춰 있다. 건물은 잠겨 있고, 센터 앞 공터에는 잡초가 무성했다. 건물에는 30개가 넘는 방이 있지만 나서서 센터를 이끌 사람이 없어 그냥 두고 있다. 얼마 전엔 도둑까지 들어 센터에 있던 물건들을 훔쳐갔다. 남편을 여의고 홀로 남은 김자영 사모가 가끔 둘러보긴 하지만 몸이 불편해 거동마저 힘들기에 관리조차 버겁다.

















    ▲ '오인호 씨 추모 행사'에 참석한 사람들이 이스턴대학교 도서관에 전시된 오인호 씨에 대한 자료를 읽고 있다. ⓒ미주뉴스앤조이 박지호











    오 씨가 펜실베이니아대학에 들어가기 전에 다녔던 이스턴대학은 50년이 지난 지금까지도 오 씨의 희생과 그의 가족들의 기독교적 정신을 기리고 있다. 사건 발생 후 이스턴대학은 ‘오인호 장학금’을 만들었다. 또 도서관에 오인호 기념 컨퍼런스 룸을 만들어 매년 오 씨가 사고를 당한 4월을 전후해 추모 행사를 가져왔다.



    한인 사회와 교회에서 오인호 씨는 아직도 낮선 이름이다. 그의 가족이 보였던 사랑과 용서의 정신도 낯설다. 오인호 씨가 미국으로 떠나기 전 서울대학교 재학 당시 기독학생협동관 <협조의 벗>에 기고한 글을 소개한다. 50년 전 한국 교회를 향한 그의 일갈이 아직도 유효한 까닭이다.













    ▲ 오인호 씨. (사진 제공 오인호기념코리아센터)











    “변하는 사회와 시대 속에서 교회도 변하지 않을 수 없다. 그러므로 우리가 탓함은 그 변함 때문에서가 아니라 그 변함이 잘못된 방향으로 나가는 까닭에서다. 교회는 믿음과 사랑의 집단이 되고, 사회의 등불과 양심이 되고, 죄악과 불의에 대한 총탄과 방패가 되며, 사회의 복음화와 질서를 위한 남모른 제물이 되며, 빛과 생명력이 되어야 할 것이다."



    "그러나 이 책임을 몰각하고 교파와 세력 다툼과 자기기만에 빠져들고 있다. 교회의 존재의의는 내로는 교회 자체의 순결을 꾀하고 외로는 복음 전파에 있다. 어느 교회나 이런 일들을 하고 있다고 말한다. 그러나 교회는 교회 자체의 이익과 확장만을 위한다. 교회는 교회 자체를 위해서만 노력한다. 그러므로 이런 교회는 믿지 않는 중생하지 못한 인간 그대로의 확대임에 불과하며, 이는 그 변해야 할 심장부의 변화가 없는 교회가 된다."



    "그러나 외적인 것보다 먼저 내적인 변화야말로 교회의 성화와 사회의 복음화와 및 교회의 세속화와 사회의 반신화를 막을 수 있는 원동력이 된다. 이 일은 어느 그룹이나 신학자와 교역자의 독점사는 결코 아니며, 모든 그리스도인에게 지워진 일이다. 예수님께서는 너희는 먼저 신학자나 목사가 되라고 하지 않고 복음을 전하는 자 사랑으로 남을 섬기는 자가 되라고 했으니 우리들은 먼저 참된 그리스도의 종이 되며 사랑의 화신이 되어 기도와 연구와 실천에 온 힘을 다하는 벗이 되고 그릇된 꿈과 환상을 버리고 실천과 위기에서 살며, 자체가 요나의 이적 십자가의 주체가 되어야 할 것이다."






    2019/05/22

    "하나님 나라는 결코 종교가 아니다" - NEWS M



    "하나님 나라는 결코 종교가 아니다" - NEWS M



    "하나님 나라는 결코 종교가 아니다"

    최태선
    승인 2016.09.17 02:43


    "인류 진보의 가장 큰 위험은 기독교"

    불룸하르트는 1842년 독일 뫼트링겐에서 요한 크리스토프 블룸하르트의 아들로 태어났습니다. 그의 아버지의 영향을 받아 그도 복음전도자와 성령치유자로 높은 명성을 얻었습니다. 그러나 아버지의 경우와는 달리 그는 병을 고치러 오는 사람들의 이기심을 꿰뚫어 보았습니다. 사람들이 그에게 밀려오자 '도대체 무엇 때문에 그들이 찾아왔는가?' 하는 회의에 빠졌습니다. 어떤 사람들은 영적 육체적 치유를 갈구했고 또 다른 사람들은 호기심과 자극적인 것을 찾아 왔습니다. 그의 심각한 고민은 자신이 예수의 증언자로 하나님의 행위, 예수의 승리를 증언하려고 했던 것이지 어떤 개인적 숭배의 대상이 되기를 원했던 것은 아니었습니다.

    그런 불룸하르트는 아이러니하게도 인류 진보를 위협하는 가장 큰 위험이 바로 “기독교”라고 확신했습니다. 그가 의미하는 기독교란 영적인 것과 물질적인 것을 분리해서 생각하고, 하나님의 의를 위한 실제적인 일 대신에 이기적이고 자기만족적이며 피안적인 종교성만을 부추기는 의식과 종교행위로 가득한 일요일 종교를 말하는 것입니다.

    불룸하르트가 그렇게 말하는 것은 성령치유자로서의 자신의 사역을 통해 사람들의 이기심을 보고, 그것을 통해 진정한 하나님 나라를 보게 되었기 때문입니다. 그는 예수님이 전하고자 한 것은 새로운 세상, 즉 하나님이 만물을 통치하시는 하나님 나라라고 믿게 되었습니다. 그래서 그는 하나님이 단지 하늘에만 계시며 복음은 단지 내면적인 삶에만 관계한다는 개념은 기독교 신앙에 재앙을 가져왔다며 한탄하게 되었습니다. 불룸하르트에게 있어서 복음은 인간 삶에 혁명을 요구합니다. 가장 중요한 것은 하나님의 통치입니다. 그리고 하나님 나라는 기독교나 다른 어떤 종교 제도나 인간적인 진보사상과 혼동되어선 안 된다고 생각했습니다.

    그는 "하나님 나라는 결코 종교가 아니다. 기독교도 아니다. 선지자들과 예수는 완전히 새로운 세상, 하나님이 만유를 다스리시는 세상을 원했다."고 말했습니다. 그런 관점에서 보면 천국과 개인 구원은 역사의 목표가 아니었습니다. 하나님이 단지 천국에만 계시고 복음은 내적인 삶에만 적용된다는 생각은 재앙이라고 그는 생각했습니다. 그래서 "우리가 축복받는 것보다 하나님 나라가 먼저다. 하나님은 우리가 천국에 올라가는 것에 관심이 없으시다. 오히려 천국이 이 땅에 내려와야 하는 것이다."라고 말했습니다.

    크리스토프 블룸하르트


    "그대들은 하나님의 것"

    불룸하르트는 점차로 교회나 종교적인 문제들, 예배 행위나 교의에 관심을 두지 않게 되었습니다. 심지어 개인 구원이나 내적 평안 같은 것에도 비중을 두지 않았습니다. 그에게 있어 믿음이란 하나님의 나라가 도래하는 문제이며, 지금 이 땅 위에서 하나님이 어둠과 죽음을 이기시고 승리하는 문제였습니다. 하나님의 사랑은 온 세상에 화해를 선포하며, 모든 고통을 없애고, 사회 경제적인 문제를 모두 해결하신다고 믿었습니다. 한마디로 하나님의 사랑은 이 지구를 완전히 새롭게 만드시는 것이었습니다. 그래서 그의 목표는 이 땅에서 오직 하나님의 백성과 증인으로 사는 것이 되었습니다.

    1896년 가을, 그는 '그대들은 하나님의 것이다.'라는 새로운 표어를 내걸었습니다. 인간의 육을 입고 세상에 오신 예수 그리스도의 성육의 사건이야말로 인간에 대한 '아멘'이며 모든 인간을 사랑하는 하나님의 구원의 뜻이 담겨있다고 그는 말합니다. 그에 따르면 그리스도인에게는 두 번의 회심이 필요합니다. 먼저는 그리스도 안에서 그 다음으로는 그리스도와 함께 세상으로 나아가는 것입니다. 그리스도 자신이 육신으로 이 땅에 오셨고, 오늘도 변함없이 우리들이 일차적으로 세상의 곤궁한 사람들을 돕기를 기다리고 계시기 때문입니다.

    그래서 그는 "하나님 나라는 가장 곤궁한 사람들이 있는 곳에 오고 또 버림받은 자들, 핍박하는 사람들에게서 온다."고 강조했습니다. 그는 자신이 처한 불안한 변혁이 일고 있는 시대 속에서 인간들의 갈망을 보았고 인간들의 노력과 사회운동 가운데서 하나님의 역사하심을 보았습니다. 더 나아가 인간들이 여러 가지 부정의한 삶의 조건들을 변혁시키려고 노력하는 곳에 예수 그리스도께서 오셔서 함께 고통하고 수난 당하는 모습을 감지했습니다.

    그는 콘스탄틴 시대 이후 국가교회체제를 유지해 온 교회 전통을 비판하면서 독일교회가 사도적 전승을 잃어버렸다고 판단했습니다. 교회는 중세 이래로 지배계층으로 군림해 왔고 당시에도 여전히 정부와 긴밀한 관계를 맺으며 지배체제를 유지한다고 생각했던 것입니다. 그는 이른바 '제단과 왕좌의 결혼' 현상을 비판했던 것입니다.

    "예수가 승리한다"

    오늘 우리의 한국교회도 독일교회와 다르지 않습니다. 특히 한국의 개신교는 종교개혁으로 과거의 모든 잘못된 기독교의 관행에서 벗어난 것으로 확신합니다. 그래서 개혁주의를 전가의 보도로 사용하여 잘못된 현실을 개혁하려하지만 기독교가 근본적으로 잘못되었던 콘스탄틴 이후의 '제단과 왕좌의 결혼' 현상을 인식의 대상으로 삼지 못하고 있습니다. 사실 이 문제는 간단한 문제가 아닙니다. 오늘날 한국교회가 보이는 모든 권위적이고 폭력적인 모습들의 뿌리라고 할 수 있는 것이 바로 그것이기 때문입니다.

    1899년 6월에 그가 목회하던 마을 근처의 도시 '괴팅엔'에서 노동자들이 단체 행동권 보장을 위한 집회를 열었습니다. 그는 이 집회에 참석했고, 즉흥적으로 연설을 하게 되었습니다. 이것이 계기가 되어 '불룸하르트'는 노동자들의 권익을 대변하고 사회 구조를 변화시키기 위해서 현실정치에 뛰어들었습니다. 가입한 정당은 반교회적 성격을 띤 사민당이었습니다. 왕립 종교국은 이러한 행위를 용납하지 않았습니다. 1899년 11월에 그는 목사 직위와 칭호를 포기해야 했습니다. 그러나 '블룸하르트'는 소신을 굽히지 않았습니다. 현실정치에 뛰어든 것은 예수를 따르기 위함이고, 또 이 세상에 임하는 하나님 나라를 위해서 헌신하는 것임을 확신했기 때문이었습니다.

    제1차 세계대전의 발발을 통해 독일 민족주의의 발흥을 보았고 그는 이에 대해 매우 비판적인 입장을 취했습니다. 하나님은 모든 사람의 아버지이기 때문에 무조건 독일 편에 서지 않을 것이라고 그는 생각했습니다. 그에게는 전쟁은 혼란스럽고 자만한 민족들의 세계에 대한 심판이라고 믿었고, 전쟁의 혼란가운데서도 "하나님이 다스릴 것이다." 그는 항상 가난한 사람들의 현실을 직시하면서 "당신의 나라가 임하소서!"라는 기도를 쉬지 않았습니다. 그리고 그의 부친처럼 "예수가 승리한다"라는 확신 가운데 살았습니다. '이런 깨달음이 한국교회에 임한다면 얼마나 좋을까' 하는 생각이 머리속을 스쳐지나갑니다.

    1917년 9월 29일 행한 그의 생애 마지막 설교에서 그는 이사야 49장 7-13절의 약속과 위로의 말씀을 읽고 다음과 같이 몇 마디를 첨가했습니다.


    "이렇게 약속이 주어져 있고 우리가 이 약속의 빛 안에서 행할 수 있도록 지상에 빛이 늘 머물러 있습니다. 때로 사랑의 하나님이 우리를 떠나버린 것과 같이 생각될 때도 있습니다. 그러나 그는 우리와 함께 계시며 그의 말씀은 살아있는 참된 말씀입니다. 따라서 우리는 위로를 받을 수 있습니다."

    1919년 8월 2일, 그는 주름살투성이의 손을 가슴에 얹고 조용히 누워 "주 예수여 오시옵소서! 아멘"하고 조용히 속삭였습니다. 그는 죽음에 임해 시편 46편 "하나님은 우리의 피난처요 힘이시니 환난 중에 만날 큰 도움이시라"라는 구절을 택해 읽었습니다.

    많은 사람들이 그의 영향을 받았습니다. 특히 제가 가장 좋아하는 브루더호프 공동체 설립자인 에버하르트 아놀드 역시 그의 영향을 받아 하나님 나라 공동체 건설에 참여하게 되었습니다. 그에게 영향을 받은 모든 사람들이 공감한 것이 바로 하나님 나라입니다. 하나님 나라는 결코 세상에 속할 수 없습니다. 작은 타협도 있을 수 없습니다. 기독교 신앙은 최선의 차선을 추구하는 것이 아니라 최선인 하나님 나라를 추구하다 장렬하게 산화하는 것입니다. 하나님 나라는 모든 그리스도인들이 추구해야 할 영원한 목표이며 부르다가 내가 죽을 이름입니다. 그 하나님 나라가 모든 그리스도인들의 마음에 각인되어 우리들 가운데 임하기를 바라며 불룸하르트의 기도를 주님께 올립니다.


    주 우리 하나님, 단 한 번도 우리에게서 도움의 손을 거두지 않으신 주님께 감사드립니다.
    우리의 믿음이 헛되지 않은 것을 알고 우리가 기쁨으로 주 앞에 섭니다.
    우리를 이끄셔서 우리 앞에 놓인 하늘나라의 상을 바라보게 하시니 감사합니다.
    세상 모든 사람들이 그 나라를 보게 될 것입니다.
    혼자라고 느낄 수 있는 적막한 시간에 우리와 함께 하소서.
    인생의 고난을 견뎌내고 유혹에 넘어지지 않도록 우리를 붙드소서.
    주께서 우리의 손을 잡고 동행하시니 우리가 요동치 않을 것입니다.
    덧없는 이 세상에서 우리를 건지실 분은 바로 주님이십니다.

    아멘.
    ---------

    크리스토프 블룸하르트

    위키백과, 우리 모두의 백과사전.
    둘러보기로 가기검색하러 가기
    75세 정도의 크리스토프 블룸하르트
    그의 아버지 요한 블룸하르트
    크리스토프 프리드리히 블룸하르트(독일어:Christoph Friedrich Blumhardt1842년 6월 1일-1919년 8월 2일)는 독일의 루터교 신학자이자, 종교 사회주의자이다.

    생애[편집]

    독일 뫼트링겐(Möttlingen)에서 루터교회 목사이자 기독교 영성가인 요한 크리스토프 불룸하르트 목사의 아들로 태어났으며, 1859년부터 7년동안 우르아흐의 신학교와 튀빙겐 대학교에서 신학수업을 받았다. 아버지가 세상을 떠난후 그 뒤를 이어 고향인 뫼트링겐 교회에서 목회하였는데, 이때 교제한 신학자중에는 자유주의 신학을 극복하기 위한 대안신학으로 신정통주의를 주장한 카를 바르트가 있다. 불름하르트는 자본가들의 억압과 착취가 원인인 극심한 빈부의 격차로 고통받는 괴핑엔(Göppingen)의 노동자들과의 사귐을 통해, 민중들에게 도래할 하느님의 나라 즉, 하느님의 다스림을 실천해야 한다는 것을 확신하게 된다. 이러한 확신은 노동자들의 단결권을 제한하는 노동악법인 노동자 탄압법에 반대한 독일 사회민주당집회에 참여하게 한다. 당시 불름하르트가 독일 사회민주당 집회에서 한 연설중 일부내용은 다음과 같다.
    기독교인으로 자처하는 사람이 노동자편에 선 것에 대해 놀랄 필요는 없습니다.그리스도는 가장 비천한 자에 속했습니다. 사람들은 그를 세리와 죄인의 친구라 불렀습니다. 예수께서 그렇게 한 것은 그가 사회주의자였기 때문입니다. 그는 12명의 프롤레타리아들을 그의 제자로 삼았습니다.“누군가 내가 프롤레타리아가 되기 위해 프롤레타리아 편에 서는 것을 비난한다면 나의 신앙을 거부하는 것과 같습니다. 나는 그리스도께서 행하신 것과 똑같은 일을 하는 것입니다. 하느님 앞에 모든 인간은 평등합니다. 인간은 모두 한 형제와 자매입니다"
    사회참여로 인해 주교회의에서 목사직에서 면직당한 불름하르트는 지방의회 의원으로 활발하게 활동하면서 민중들의 복지문제에 관심을 가졌다. 그러나 사회 민주당 내부적 갈등과 1차 세계대전이 가져온 어두운 현실에 회의를 느끼고 재선에 출마할 것을 완강히 거부했다. 1919년 신약성서 요한묵시록의 마지막 문장인“오시옵소서, 주 예수여.아멘”을 유언으로 남기고 별세하였다.