2021/10/17
Breathing Under Water물 밑에서 숨 쉬기 Rohr, Richard
2021/09/16
Why a 14th-century mystic appeals to today's 'spiritual but not religious' Americans
Why a 14th-century mystic appeals to today’s ‘spiritual but not religious’ Americans
Author
Joel Harrington
Centennial Professor of History, Vanderbilt University
Disclosure statement
A sculpture of Meister Eckhart in Germany. Lothar Spurzem , CC BY-SA
The percentage of Americans who do not identify with any religious tradition continues to rise annually. Not all of them, however, are atheists or agnostics. Many of these people believe in a higher power, if not organized religion, and their numbers too are steadily increasing.
The history of organized religion is full of schisms, heresies and other breakaways. What is different at this time is a seemingly indiscriminate mixing of diverse religious traditions to form a personalized spirituality, often referred to as “cafeteria spirituality.” This involves picking and choosing the religious ideas one likes best.
At the heart of this trend is the general conviction that all world religions share a fundamental, common basis, a belief known as “perennialism.” And this is where the unlikely figure of Meister Eckhart, a 14th-century Dominican friar famous for his popular sermons on the direct experience of God, is finding popular appeal.
Who was Meister Eckhart?
I have studied Meister Eckhart and his ideas of mysticism. The creative power that people address as “God,” he explained, is already present within each individual and is best understood as the very force that infuses all living things.
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He believed this divinity to be genderless and completely “other” from humans, accessible not through images or words but through a direct encounter within each person.A sculpture of Meister Eckhart in Germany. Lothar Spurzem, CC BY-SA
The method of direct access to the divine, according to Eckhart, depended on an individual letting go of all desires and images of God and becoming aware of the “divine spark” present within.
Seven centuries ago, Eckhart embraced meditation and what is now called mindfulness. Although he never questioned any of the doctrines of the Catholic Church, Eckhart’s preaching eventually resulted in an official investigation and papal condemnation.
Significantly, it was not Eckhart’s overall approach to experiencing God that his superiors criticized, but rather his decision to teach his wisdom. His inquisitors believed the “unlearned and simple people” were likely to misunderstand him. Eckhart, on the other hand, insisted that the proper role of a preacher was to preach.
He died before his trial was complete, but his writings were subsequently censured by a papal decree.
The modern rediscovery of Eckhart
Meister Eckhart thereafter remained relatively little known until his rediscovery by German romantics in the 19th century.
Since then, he has attracted many religious and non-religious admirers. Among the latter were the 20th-century philosophers Martin Heidegger and Jean-Paul Sartre, who were inspired by Eckhart’s beliefs about the self as the sole basis for action. More recently, Pope John Paul II and the current Dalai Lama have expressed admiration for Eckhart’s portrayal of the intimate relationship between God and the individual soul.
During the second half of the 20th century, the overlap of his teachings to many Asian practices played an important role in making him popular with Western spiritual seekers. Thomas Merton, a monk from the Trappist monastic order, for example, who began an exploration of Zen Buddhism later in his life, discovered much of the same wisdom in his own Catholic tradition embodied in Eckhart. He called Eckhart “my life raft,” for opening up the wisdom about developing one’s inner life.
Richard Rohr, a friar from the Franciscan order and a contemporary spirituality writer, views Eckhart’s teachings as part of a long and ancient Christian contemplative tradition. Many in the past, not just monks and nuns have sought the internal experience of the divine through contemplation.
Among them, as Rohr notes were the apostle Paul, the fifth-century theologian Augustine, and the 12th-century Benedictine abbess and composer Hildegard of Bingen.
In the tradition of Eckhart, Rohr has popularized the teaching that Jesus’ death and resurrection represents an individual’s movement from a “false self” to a “true self.” In other words, after stripping away all of the constructed ego, Eckhart guides individuals in finding the divine spark, which is their true identity.
Eckhart and contemporary perennials
This subjective approach to experiencing the divine was also embraced by Aldous Huxley, best known for his 1932 dystopia, “Brave New World,” and for his later embrace of LSD as a path to self-awareness. Meister Eckhart is frequently cited in Huxley’s best-selling 1945 spiritual compendium, “The Perennialist Philosophy.”
More recently, the mega-best-selling New Age celebrity Eckhart Tolle, born Ulrich Tolle in 1948 in Germany and now based in Vancouver, has taken the perennial movement to a much larger audience. Tolle’s books, drawing from an eclectic mix of Western and Eastern philosophical and religious traditions, have sold millions. His teachings encapsulate the insights of his adopted namesake Meister Eckhart.
While many Christian evangelicals are wary of Eckhart Tolle’s non-religious and unchurched approach, the teachings of the medieval mystic Eckhart have nonetheless found support among many contemporary Catholics and Protestants, both in North America and Europe.
Fully understanding a new spiritual icon
The cautionary note, however, is in too simplistic an understanding of Eckhart’s message.
Eckhart, for instance, did not preach an individualistic, isolated kind of personal enlightenment, nor did he reject as much of his own faith tradition as many modern spiritual but not religious are wont to do.
The truly enlightened person, Eckhart argued, naturally lives an active life of neighborly love, not isolation – an important social dimension sometimes lost today.
Meister Eckhart has some important lessons for those of us trapped amid today’s materialism and selfishness, but understanding any spiritual guide – especially one as obscure as Eckhart – requires a deeper understanding of the context.
2021/09/10
The Ground of Being — Center for Action and Contemplation
Death and Resurrection: Week 1
The Ground of Being
Sunday, November 11, 2018
The fact that life and death are “not two” is extremely difficult to grasp, not because it is so complex, but because it is so simple. —Ken Wilber [1]
We miss the unity of life and death at the very point where our ordinary mind begins to think about it. —Kathleen Dowling Singh [2]
To accept death is to accept God. —Thomas Keating [3]
It is no surprise that we humans would deny death’s coming, fight it, and seek to avoid the demise of the only self we have ever known. As hospice worker and psychotherapist Kathleen Dowling Singh put it, “[Death] is the experience of ‘no exit,’ a recognition of the fact that the situation is inescapable, that one is utterly at the mercy of the power of the Ground of Being. . . . It is absurd and monstrous.” [4]
“The Ground of Being,” a commanding phrase that theologian Paul Tillich (1886–1965) used, is an excellent metaphor for what most of us would call God (Acts 17:28). For Singh, it is the source and goal that we deeply desire and desperately fear. It is the Mysterium Tremendum of Rudolf Otto (1869–1937), which is alluring and frightful at the same time. Both God and death feel like “engulfment,” as when you first gave yourself totally to another person. It is the very union that will liberate us, yet we resist, retrench, and run. This is why historic male initiation rites invited the young man to face God and death head on—ahead of time—so he could know for himself that it could do his True Self no harm—but in fact would reveal it. Though we may resist dying at first, afterward we can ask ourselves, “What did I ever lose by dying?”
Death—whether one of many deaths to the false self or our physical dying—is simply returning to our spacious Ground of Being, to our foundation in Love.
Love is the natural condition of our being, revealed when all else is relinquished, when one has already moved into transpersonal levels of identification and awareness. Love is simply an open state with no boundaries and, as such, is a most inclusive level of consciousness. Love is a quality of the Ground of Being itself. In this regard and at this juncture in the dying process, love can be seen as the final element of life-in-form and the gateway to the formless. [5]
References:
[1] Ken Wilber, The Spectrum of Consciousness, 2nd ed. (Quest: 1993), 110.
[2] Kathleen Dowling Singh, The Grace in Dying: A Message of Hope, Comfort, and Spiritual Transformation (HarperOne: 2000), 218.
[3] Thomas Keating with Carl J. Arico, The Gift of Life: Death & Dying, Life & Living Companion Book (Contemplative Outreach, Ltd.: 2013), 11, https://www.contemplativeoutreach.org/product/gift-life-%E2%80%93-death-dying-life-living-companion-book.
[4] Singh, The Grace in Dying, 107.
[5] Ibid., 239.
Adapted from Richard Rohr, Immortal Diamond: The Search for Our True Self (Jossey-Bass: 2013), 139-141.
Image credit: Woman Knitting (detail), fancycarve.
Inspiration for this week’s banner image:
There is a thread you follow. It goes among
Things that change. But it doesn’t change. . . .
You don’t ever let go of the thread.
—William Stafford
Posted in Daily Meditations | Also tagged Being, death, desire, Kathleen Dowling Singh, Love, Mystery, resurrection, union
2021/08/07
Decision Making & Spiritual Discernment: The Sacred Art of Finding Your Way - Pendle Hill Quaker Books & Pamphlets
Decision Making & Spiritual Discernment: The Sacred Art of Finding Your Way
By Nancy L. Bieber
Paperback: 208 pages
Publisher: SkyLight Paths (October 1, 2010)
Product Dimensions: 8.5 x 5.5 x 0.5 inches
Shipping Weight: 7 ounces
Price: $16.99
Out of stock
Synopsis
Spiritual discernment is the traditional name for listening and responding to divine guidance. In this book you will approach decision making as an active participant, a co-creator with God in shaping your life. Drawing on twenty-five years of experience as a psychologist and fifteen years as a spiritual director, Nancy Bieber presents three essential aspects of Spirit-led decision making:
- Willingness – being open to God’s wisdom and love;
- Attentiveness – noticing what is true, discerning the right path;
- Responsiveness – taking steps forward as the way becomes clear.
With gentle encouragement, Bieber shows how to weave these themes together to discover the best path for you.
Each chapter is enriched by practical spiritual exercises to help you understand yourself and your specific situation, as well as to strengthen spiritual discernment as a daily way of life. An appendix includes a detailed guide for using the book in group study.
Editorial Reviews
Review
"Prayerfully and skillfully facilitates the readers' recognition of 'truths (they) already know ... hidden anywhere in life,' thus opening us to the heart of discernment as the process of living the values of our lives."
―Rose Mary Dougherty, SSND, author, Discernment: A Path to Spiritual Awakening; codirector, Companioning the Dying: Opening Fully to Living
"Weaves practical insights for cultivating discernment with page-turning stories and repeatable practices. [It] will create ... healthy decisions that are the ripe fruit of ongoing practices for discernment."
―Kent Ira Groff, founding mentor, Oasis Ministries; author, What Would I Believe If I Didn’t Believe Anything? and Facing East, Praying West
“A brilliant lead and many lessons.”
―Fr. Richard Rohr, OFM, founder, Center for Action and Contemplation; author, The Naked Now: Learning to See as the Mystics See
“Compelling and beneficial … filled with insight and wisdom, as well as practical practices in discernment. This is a volume you’ll return to often.”
―J. Brent Bill, Quaker minister, retreat leader and photographer; author, Sacred Compass: The Way of Spiritual Discernment
“Offers readers clarity and practical tools―just what we yearn for when facing uncertainty and change…. It will reassure those seeking to understand their own experience of being led by the Spirit.”
―Eileen Flanagan, author, The Wisdom to Know the Difference: When to Make a Change―and When to Let Go
“Balancing self and other, honoring self and other, embracing self and other is a great challenge for many of us. [This book] helps us take up that challenge in a manner that moves us further along the path of godliness. Read this book. And, more importantly, practice its method.”
―Rabbi Rami Shapiro, translator and annotator, Ecclesiastes: Annotated & Explained; author, The Sacred Art of Lovingkindness: Preparing to Practice
“I loved this! A priceless book for living a spiritually centered life. User-friendly and reassuring … the practices offer gentle guidance for making any decision, large or small. A must have for everyone on a spiritual path as well as anyone supporting that journey.”
―Kay Lindahl, author, The Sacred Art of Listening: Forty Reflections for Cultivating a Spiritual Practice; founder, The Listening Center
--This text refers to an alternate kindle_edition edition.
About the Author
Nancy L. Bieber is a teacher, psychologist and spiritual director with thirty years of experience in working with individuals and groups in transition and change. A core leader with Oasis Ministries for Spiritual Formation, she leads spiritual formation retreats and workshops around the country. She has taught at Lancaster Theological Seminary. --This text refers to an out of print or unavailable edition of this title.
Product details
ASIN : B01HT6BWJU
Publisher : SkyLight Paths; 1st edition (December 14, 2012)
Publication date : December 14, 2012
Language : English
File size : 1422 KB
Text-to-Speech : Enabled
Screen Reader : Supported
Enhanced typesetting : Enabled
X-Ray : Not Enabled
Word Wise : Enabled
Print length : 210 pages
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Customer reviews
4.6 out of 5 stars
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Top reviews from the United States
Seahawk fan
3.0 out of 5 stars We all have seasons in our life that we do not like. How we respond to those life situations is ...
Reviewed in the United States on May 19, 2016
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We are all faced with life decisions. We all have seasons in our life that we do not like. How we respond to those life situations is critical. We can focus on the discontent, the losses, hardship and cower to our fears or we can focus on the new situation, the new life, the new season and face the fears. The author uses metaphors and word pictures to help the reader grow deeper spiritually and to convey direction in life situations. She divides this book into three sections: willingness, attentiveness and responsiveness. Bieber takes these three words and weaves them into a spiritual journey of life. At the end of each chapter, there is a reflection section that gives the reader an opportunity to respond. These reflection sections really make the book as the reader is faced with being introspective, to breath, to rest, to embrace and to be aware, as one takes time to listen to his or her body as an important spiritual practice that can help ignite or discover one’s passions. Bieber also has a group format at the end of the book which can be used to discuss this book or the format can be used to dialogue about other books, too. This book offers a different perspective on life and God.
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M. Abe
5.0 out of 5 stars Full of useful wisdom
Reviewed in the United States on December 4, 2010
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I have spent over thirty years in pastoral ministry. I also enjoy being with young adults, in the midst of career, faith, partner, and where to live decisions. Decision making, seeking God's guidance, listening to God's voice are all topics I have taught many times. Nancy Bieber shares wisdom that is helpful for any one of any age. I found her text and practices helpful, and very close to what has become my own teaching and practice. I could not read this book quickly, as there was a lot to contemplate. I used the exercises at the end of each chapter. I am especially enjoying being more mindful, as she names it. Although I am not in the middle of any major decision making in my own life, I would definitely recommend this to others.
I enjoyed her clear language, the many practical stories, and the visual images that were painted.
If you want an overtly Christian book on guidance, this is not the book, as the author preferred to remain open to a variety of faith practices. However, the spiritual practices are clearly Biblical, and if the book was shared with a group, Bible stories could be added to the lessons.
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C. CANNEDY
5.0 out of 5 stars Changed My Life
Reviewed in the United States on August 18, 2020
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I was a part of a class that was centered around using this book to discover the purpose of your life. The readings, lessons and exercises changed my life. If you take this book seriously and thoughtfully and give it the undivided attention it deserves it will change your life also.
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SOG
5.0 out of 5 stars Cool
Reviewed in the United States on April 30, 2019
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Cool
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Nanou
4.0 out of 5 stars In this world
Reviewed in the United States on December 30, 2014
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I could identify with Nancy who lives "in the world" better than someone who has spent their lives in the church.
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maureen allenza
5.0 out of 5 stars beautiful book
Reviewed in the United States on September 8, 2013
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this is a must read for people interested in issues of wisdom, and making the most they can of their lives. A must read!!!!!
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Tony from PA
5.0 out of 5 stars Five Stars
Reviewed in the United States on May 4, 2015
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Well written and a good synopsis of utilizing spirit based decision making to lead and full and rewarding life.
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Carol S.
5.0 out of 5 stars Spiritual Wisdom
Reviewed in the United States on January 12, 2015
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Heavy reading, but wise advice
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