2022/05/02

Living for Jesus and Japan Uchimura Kanzo by Eerdmans - Ebook | Scribd

Living for Jesus and Japan by Eerdmans - Ebook | Scribd

Living for Jesus and Japan: The Social and Theological Thought of Uchimura Kanzo

Start reading

Remove from Saved
Add to list

Download to app
Share

Living for Jesus and Japan: The Social and Theological Thought of Uchimura Kanzo

By Eerdmans

350 pages

12 hours

Included in your membership!

at no additional cost

Description

Uchimura Kanzo (1861–1930) was an independent, original, and thought-provoking pioneer of Christianity in modern Japan. His theological values were organically linked with his aspiration for living and practicing such evangelical ideas as prophetic existence, neighborly love, social justice, pacifism, patriotism, and internationalism in the sphere of public life. Uchimura's commitment to the interaction between religious thought and social life is apparent in his well-known epitaph: "I for Japan; Japan for the World; the World for Christ; and All for God."

In this interdisciplinary, multi-angled approach to Uchimura Kanzo, the contributors shed light on the inner logic, meanings, and modes of interaction between the religious and social thought observable in Kanzo.

Contributors:
Andrew E. Barshay
Kei Chiba
Shin Chiba
Kyougae Lee
Hiroshi Miura
Tsunao Ohyama
Hiroshi Shibuya
Takashi Shogimen
Yasuhiro Takahashi
Kunichika Yagyu

See this image

Living for Jesus and Japan: The Social and Theological Thought of Uchimura Kanzo Paperback – 1 November 2013
by Hiroshi Shibuya (Author)

See all formats and editions

Kindle
$33.10Read with Our Free App
Paperback
$70.95
1 Used from $49.95 2 New from $70.95

Uchimura Kanzo (1861-1930) was an independent, original, and thought-provoking pioneer of Christianity in modern Japan. His theological values were organically linked with his aspiration for living and practicing such evangelical ideas as prophetic existence, neighborly love, social justice, pacifism, patriotism, and internationalism in the sphere of public life. Uchimura's commitment to the interaction between religious thought and social life is apparent in his well-known epitaph: -I for Japan; Japan for the World; the World for Christ; and All for God.-
In this interdisciplinary, multi-angled approach to Uchimura Kanzo, the contributors shed light on the inner logic, meanings, and modes of interaction between the religious and social thought observable in Kanzo.

Contributors
Andrew E. Barshay
Kei Chiba
Shin Chiba
Kyougae Lee
Hiroshi Miura
Tsunao Ohyama
Hiroshi Shibuya
Takashi Shogimen
Yasuhiro Takahashi
Kunichika Yagyu
Read less

Print length

223 pages
Language

English
Publisher

William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company
Publication date

1 November 2013

Product description

Review
Thomas John Hastings--Japan International Christian University Foundation"In these essays on Uchimura Kanz?, readers will discover fresh perspectives on the United States, love of God and nation, pacifism, missionary movement, Bible, church, and Christian doctrine from one of the most extraordinary Christians of late Meiji and Taish? Japan. Written mainly by scholars working in Japan, this collection represents an outstanding contribution to Uchimura scholarship in English."Trent Maxey--Amherst College"Indicating how nationality formed the uncrossable horizon of Uchimura's thought, ' these essays explore the social and theological thought of one of the most prominent Christian figures in modern Japan. The topical approach of this volume complements more biographical approaches to Uchimura Kanz?, resulting in a compelling account of his struggle to articulate and live a biblical faith during a turbulent era of nation-formation and imperial expansion."

"Theological Studies" Uchimura Kanzo was a representative Christian leader and thinker in the Maiji and Taisho periods of Japan. He is well known as a prolific biblical commentator, a pacifist Christian thinker, and an advocate of a nonchurch type of Christianity. . . . He is worthy of continued study and remains inspiring and refreshing not merely as a Christian thinker but also as a social thinker. Thomas John Hastings--Japan International Christian University Foundation"In these essays on Uchimura Kanz?, readers will discover fresh perspectives on the United States, love of God and nation, pacifism, missionary movement, Bible, church, and Christian doctrine from one of the most extraordinary Christians of late Meiji and Taish? Japan. Written mainly by scholars working in Japan, this collection represents an outstanding contribution to Uchimura scholarship in English."Trent Maxey--Amherst College"Indicating how nationality formed the uncrossable horizon of Uchimura's thought, ' these essays explore the social and theological thought of one of the most prominent Christian figures in modern Japan. The topical approach of this volume complements more biographical approaches to Uchimura Kanz?, resulting in a compelling account of his struggle to articulate and live a biblical faith during a turbulent era of nation-formation and imperial expansion."

Thomas John Hastings
--Japan International Christian University Foundation
"In these essays on Uchimura Kanzo, readers will discover fresh perspectives on the United States, love of God and nation, pacifism, missionary movement, Bible, church, and Christian doctrine from one of the most extraordinary Christians of late Meiji and Taisho Japan. Written mainly by scholars working in Japan, this collection represents an outstanding contribution to Uchimura scholarship in English."
Trent Maxey
--Amherst College
"Indicating how nationality formed the uncrossable horizon of Uchimura s thought, these essays explore the social and theological thought of one of the most prominent Christian figures in modern Japan. The topical approach of this volume complements more biographical approaches to Uchimura Kanzo, resulting in a compelling account of his struggle to articulate and live a biblical faith during a turbulent era of nation-formation and imperial expansion."
"Journal for Japanese Studies"
The field of Unchimua Kanzo s theology presents opportunities for further exploration. The Shibuya and Chiba volume is a stimulating start. "

Thomas John Hastings
--Japan International Christian University Foundation
-In these essays on Uchimura Kanzo, readers will discover fresh perspectives on the United States, love of God and nation, pacifism, missionary movement, Bible, church, and Christian doctrine from one of the most extraordinary Christians of late Meiji and Taisho Japan. Written mainly by scholars working in Japan, this collection represents an outstanding contribution to Uchimura scholarship in English.-

Trent Maxey
--Amherst College
-Indicating how nationality formed 'the uncrossable horizon of Uchimura's thought, ' these essays explore the social and theological thought of one of the most prominent Christian figures in modern Japan. The topical approach of this volume complements more biographical approaches to Uchimura Kanzo, resulting in a compelling account of his struggle to articulate and live a biblical faith during a turbulent era of nation-formation and imperial expansion.-

Journal for Japanese Studies
-The field of Unchimua Kanzo's theology presents opportunities for further exploration. The Shibuya and Chiba volume is a stimulating start.-
About the Author
Shibuya Hiroshi is professor emeritus at Meiji GakuinUniversity, Tokyo, Japan. His other books include TheRevolutionary Ideas of Puritanism and UchimuraKanzo in Modern History of Thought.

Chiba Shin is a professor at the International ChristianUniversity, Tokyo, Japan. He has also coeditedBuilding New Pathways to Peace andChristian Ethics in Ecumenical Context.

Start reading Living for Jesus and Japan on your Kindle in under a minute.

Don't have a Kindle? Get your Kindle here, or download a FREE Kindle Reading App.

Product details

Publisher ‏ : ‎ William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company (1 November 2013)
Language ‏ : ‎ English
Paperback ‏ : ‎ 223 pages

Psychology and Buddhism From Individual To Global Community | PDF | Psychology | Asceticism

Religion and Psychotherapy in Modern Japan (Routledge Contemporary Japan Series Book 54) - Kindle edition by Harding, Christopher, Fumiaki, Iwata, Shin’ichi, Yoshinaga. Politics & Social Sciences Kindle eBooks @ Amazon.com.

https://www.scribd.com/document/513150009/Religion-and-Psychotherapy-In-Modern-Japan

Sejin Pak

[독서생활] <근대일본에서의 종교와 정신치료> (2015, 영어)
- 나의 관심분야이기도 한데 중요한 책이라고 한다.
- 일본에서의 이 분야에 상당하는 한국의 것은 무엇일까? 한국은 기독교계 수입품들? 무교 전통? 한국계 미국여성 노라 옥자 켈러의 <위안부>라는 책에서 이 면이 다루어진다.

Religion and Psychotherapy in Modern Japan (Routledge Contemporary Japan Series Book 54) - Kindle edition by Harding, Christopher, Fumiaki, Iwata, Shin’ichi, Yoshinaga. Politics & Social Sciences Kindle eBooks @ Amazon.com.

Religion and Psychotherapy in Modern Japan (Routledge Contemporary Japan Series Book 54) 1st Edition, Kindle Edition

by Christopher Harding (Editor), Iwata Fumiaki (Editor), Yoshinaga Shin’ichi (Editor) Format: Kindle Edition

Part of: Routledge Contemporary Japan (95 books)

https://www.scribd.com/document/513150009/Religion-and-Psychotherapy-In-Modern-Japan

====

Hardcover

$95.65 - $140.00

Paperback

$48.54

Other Sellers

=====

Since the late nineteenth century, religious ideas and practices in Japan have become increasingly intertwined with those associated with mental health and healing. This relationship developed against the backdrop of a far broader, and deeply consequential meeting: between Japan’s long-standing, Chinese-influenced intellectual and institutional forms, and the politics, science, philosophy, and religion of the post-Enlightenment West. In striving to craft a modern society and culture that could exist on terms with – rather than be subsumed by – western power and influence, Japan became home to a religion--psy dialogue informed by pressing political priorities and rapidly shifting cultural concerns.

This book provides a historically contextualized introduction to the dialogue between religion and psychotherapy in modern Japan. In doing so, it draws out connections between developments in medicine, government policy, Japanese religion and spirituality, social and cultural criticism, regional dynamics, and gender relations. The chapters all focus on the meeting and intermingling of religious with psychotherapeutic ideas and draw on a wide range of case studies including: how temple and shrine ‘cures’ of early modern Japan fared in the light of German neuropsychiatry; how Japanese Buddhist theories of mind, body, and self-cultivation negotiated with the findings of western medicine; how Buddhists, Christians, and other organizations and groups drew and redrew the lines between religious praxis and psychological healing; how major European therapies such as Freud’s fed into self-consciously Japanese analyses of and treatments for the ills of the age; and how distress, suffering, and individuality came to be reinterpreted across the twentieth and early twenty-first centuries, from the southern islands of Okinawa to the devastated northern neighbourhoods of the Tohoku region after the earthquake, tsunami, and nuclear disasters of March 2011.

Religion and Psychotherapy in Modern Japan will be welcomed by students and scholars working across a broad range of subjects, including Japanese culture and society, religious studies, psychology and psychotherapy, mental health, and international history.

====

Editorial Reviews

Review

"This is an outstanding book…the first high-quality academic work on religion and the psy disciplines in modern Japan. It covers the topics of modern religion and psychotherapy in Japan and connects them with the recent major crises of Aum Shinrikyo and the earthquake and tsunami of 3.11."

Akihito Suzuki,Professor of History at Keio University, Japan

"Chris Harding and his fellow editors have brought together a significant set of essays examining the relationship between the 'psy disciplines' of psychiatry, psychology, and psychotherapy, and religion in Japan. Harding's overview takes us beyond the problematic definitional issues relating to religion to show how the 'psy disciplines' have helped shape the ways in which religion is manifest in modern Japan. The essays that follow introduce a wealth of Japanese scholarship in the field that will be of value to all who are interested in religion, psychotherapy and Japanese culture in general."

Ian Reader, Professor of Religious Studies at Lancaster University, UK

"The already weighty tilt of the literature toward textual-philosophical orientations can profit from the contextualization and new voices provided by this excellent volume."

Adam Valerio, Temple University, H-Buddhism (August, 2015)

"Religion and Psychotherapy in Japan is an important and welcome addition to the growing body of literature on religion and the psy disciplines outside of the Euro-American science-versus-religion cul-de-sac, and would be of interest to scholars and students working in the sociology of religion, psychological anthropology, Japanese intellectual history, modern Japanese history, and Japanese philosophy, in addition to Japanese religion and the psy disciplines."

Isaac Gagné,Waseda University

--This text refers to the paperback edition.

About the Author

Christopher Harding is Lecturer in Asian History in the School of History, Classics and Archaeology, University of Edinburgh, UK

Iwata Fumiaki is Professor in the Department of Social Science Education, Osaka Kyoiku University, Japan

Yoshinaga Shin’ichi is Associate Professor at the Maizuru National College of Technology, Japan

--This text refers to the paperback edition.

====

===

Is Japan Religious? | Kavanagh | Journal for the Study of Religion, Nature and Culture

Is Japan Religious?

Christopher M. Kavanagh, Jonathan Jong

Issued Date: 5 Aug 2020

Abstract

The popular image of Japan and religion presents something of a paradox. On the one hand, large cross-cultural surveys frequently present Japan as a country of non-believers, where only 10–15% of the population selfidentify as religious and the vast majority rank religion as being of little importance to their lives. Yet, any visitor to Japan is likely to be struck by the sheer number of Shinto shrines and Buddhist temples that dot the landscape, and the diverse array of festivals (matsuri) that are performed at these sites. In this article, we argue that the apparent paradox is actually an illusion generated by the unwarranted ethnocentric assumption that religion everywhere must resemble the features of the Abrahamic faiths that are predominant in Western societies. To make our case we first review recurrent theoretical and definitional debates concerning religion and examine how they relate to the Japanese context. Second, we explore patterns in contemporary data from an online survey of N = 1,000 Japanese that asked about religious beliefs and practices. We illustrate through the results obtained that to understand religion in Japan it is necessary to move beyond theocentric approaches and expectations that religious belief must be tied to religious identities or exclusive membership in a given tradition. To conclude, we argue that the patterns observed in Japan demonstrate that scholars who wish to explore religion cross-culturally need to take greater account of orthopraxic cultural contexts and distinguish between ‘theocentric’ doctrinal beliefs and broader supernatural beliefs.

Download Media

PDF (PRICE: £18.00 ) Restricted Access

DOI: 10.1558/jsrnc.39187

References

Ama, Toshimaro. 1996. Nihonjin wa naze mushūkyō ma no ka. 日本人はなぜ無宗教なのか (Why are the Japanese Non-Religious?) (Tokyo: Chikuma Shobō).

Ama, Toshimaro. 2005. Why Are the Japanese Non-Religious? Japanese Spirituality: Being Non-Religious in a Religious Culture (Lanham, MD: University Press of America).

Ammerman, Nancy T. 2013. ‘Spiritual but Not Religious? Beyond Binary Choices in the Study of Religion’, Journal for the Scientiﬁc Study of Religion 52.2: 258-78. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/jssr.12024.

Ashkenazi, Michael. 1993. Matsuri: Festivals of a Japanese Town (Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press.

Atkinson, Quentin D., and Harvey Whitehouse. 2011. ‘The Cultural Morphospace of Ritual Form: Examining Modes of Religiosity Cross-Culturally’, Evolution and Human Behavior 32.1: 50-62. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2010.09.002.

Atran, Scott, and Joseph Henrich. 2010. ‘The Evolution of Religion: How Cognitive By-Products, Adaptive Learning Heuristics, Ritual Displays, and Group Competition Generate Deep Commitments to Prosocial Religions’, Biological Theory 5.1: 18-30. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1162/BIOT_a_00018.

Befu, Harumi. 1992. ‘Symbols of Nationalism and Nihonjinron’, in R. Goodman and K. Refsing (eds.), Ideology and Practice in Modern Japan (London: Routledge): 26-46.

Befu, Harumi. 2001. Hegemony of Homogeneity: An Anthropological Analysis of ‘Nihonjinron’, Vol. 5 (Melbourne: Trans Paciﬁc Press).

Bell, Catherine M. 1997. Ritual: Perspectives and Dimensions (Oxford: Oxford University Press).

Berling, Judith A. 1987. ‘Orthopraxy’, in M. Eliade (ed.), The Encyclopedia of Religion, Vol. 11 (New York: Macmillan): 129-32.

Bloch, Maurice. 2008. ‘Why Religion Is Nothing Special but Is Central’, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences 363.1499: 2055-61. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2008.0007.

Bloch, Maurice. 2014.‘Why There Should Not Be a Cognitive Theory of “Religion”’. Paper presented at the 5th Meeting of the International Association for the Cognitive Science of Religion, June 20, Brno.

Boyer, Pascal. 2011. ‘Why Would (Otherwise Intelligent) Scholars Believe in “Religion”?’, International Cognition and Culture Institute. Online: http://cognitionandculture.net/blogs/pascal-boyer/why-would-otherwise-intelligent-scholars-believe-in/.

Brumann, Christoph. 1999. ‘Writing for Culture: Why a Successful Concept Should Not Be Discarded’, Current Anthropology 40.S1: S1-S27. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1086/200058.

Buhrmester, Michael D., T. Kwang, and S.D. Gosling. 2011. ‘Amazon’s Mechanical Turk: A New Source of Inexpensive, Yet High-Quality, Data?’, Perspectives on Psychological Science 6.1: 3-5. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/1745691610393980.

Bullivant, Stephen, Miguel Farias, Jonathan A. Lanman, and Lois Lee. 2019. ‘Understanding Unbelief: Atheists and Agnostics around the World. Interim Findings’. Online: research.kent.ac.uk/understandingunbelief.

Covell, Stephen G. 2005. Japanese Temple Buddhism: Worldliness in a Religion of Renunciation (Honolulu: University of Hawai’i Press).

Creighton, Millie. 1997. ‘Consuming Rural Japan: The Marketing of Tradition and Nostalgia in the Japanese Travel Industry’, Ethnology 36.3: 239-54. Doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/3773988.

Durkheim, Emile. 1965. The Elementary Forms of the Religious Life (London: Free Press).

Fitzgerald, T. 2003. ‘Religion and the Secular in Japan: Problems in History, Social Anthropology and the Study of Religion’, Electronic Journal of Contemporary Japanese Studies. Online: http://www.japanesestudies.org.uk/discussionpapers/Fitzgerald.html.

Fitzgerald, T. 2004. ‘The Religion-Secular Dichotomy: A Response to Responses’, Electronic Journal of Contemporary Japanese Studies. Online: http://www.japanesestudies.org.uk/discussionpapers/Fitzgerald2.html.

Franek, J. 2015. ‘Has the Cognitive Science of Religion (Re)Deﬁned “Religion”’?, Religio 22.1: 3-27.

Fujiwara, S. 2019. ‘Practicing Belonging? Non-Religiousness in Twenty-First Century Japan’, Journal of Religion in Japan 8.1–3: 123-50. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1163/22118349-00801008.

Glendinning, T. 2006. ‘Religious Involvement, Conventional Christian, and Unconventional Nonmaterialist Beliefs’, Journal for the Scientiﬁc Study of Religion 45.4: 585-95. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-5906.2006.00329.x.

Hamplová, D., and Z.R. Nešpor. 2009. ‘Invisible Religion in a “Non-Believing” Country: The Case of the Czech Republic’, Social Compass 56.4: 581-97. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/0037768609345975.

Hardacre, H. 1999. Marketing the Menacing Fetus in Japan (Berkeley: University of California Press).

Hauser, David J., and Norbert Schwarz. 2016. ‘Attentive Turkers: MTurk Participants Perform Better on Online Attention Checks than Do Subject Pool Participants’, Behavior Research Methods 48.1: 400-407. Doi: https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-015-0578-z.

Hayashi, F., and K. Nikaido. 2009. ‘Religious Faith and Religious Feelings in Japan: Analyses of Cross-cultural and Longitudinal Surveys’, Behaviormetrika 36.2: 167-80. Doi: https://doi.org/10.2333/bhmk.36.167.

Horie, N. 2018. ‘Dentō kaiki? Soretomo chihō shōmetsu’ 伝統回帰? それとも地方消滅? (Return to Tradition? Or Disappearance of the Local?) in Gendai Nihon no shūkyō jijō. 現代日本の宗教事情 (Religion in Contemporary Japan) (Tokyo: Iwanami Shoten): 25-34.

Horii, M. 2016. ‘Critical Reﬂections on the Religious-Secular Dichotomy in Japan’, in F. Wijsen and K. von Struckrad (eds.), Making Religion: Theory and Practice in the Discursive Study of Religion (Leiden: Brill): 260-86. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004309180_014.

Horii, M. 2018. The Category of ‘Religion’ in Contemporary Japan: Shūkyō and Temple Buddhism (New York: Palgrave Macmillan).

Hoshino, S. 2012. Kindai Nihon no shūkyō gainen; shūkyōsha no kotoba to kindai. 近代日本の宗教概念―宗教者の言葉と近代 (The Concept of Religion in Modern Japan: The Words of Religious Leaders and Modernity) (Tokyo: Yūshisha).

Inglehart, R., et al. 2014. ‘World Values Survey: Round Six-Country-Pooled Dataﬁle 2010–2014’. JD Systems Institute, Madrid.

Inglehart, R., and C. Welzel. 2010. ‘Changing Mass Priorities: The Link between Modernization and Democracy’, Perspectives on Politics 8.2: 551-67. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1017/S1537592710001258.

Inoue, N. 2009. ‘Religious Education in Contemporary Japan’, Religion Compass 3.4: 580-94. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-8171.2009.00159.x.

Isomae, Jun’ichi. 2003. Kindai Nihon no shūkyō gensetsu to sono keifu: Shūkyō kokka Shintō. 近代日本の宗教言說とその系譜: 宗教・国家・神道 (The Genealogy of Religious Discourse in Modern Japan: religion, State, Shintō) (Tokyo: Iwanami Shoten).

Isomae, Jun’ichi. 2012. Shūkyō Gainen Arui Wa Shūkyōgaku No Shi (The Death of the Concept of Religion and of Religious Studies) (Tokyo: Tōkyō Daigaku Shuppankai).

Japan Statistics Bureau. 2019. Japan Statistical Yearbook 2019. Ministry of Internal Affairs. Online: https://www.stat.go.jp/english/data/nenkan/68nenkan/index.html.

The Japan Times. 2019. ‘Controversy over Separation of State and Religion in Japan Rekindled after Shinto Imperial Rite’, The Japan Times Online, 1 May. Online: https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2019/05/01/national/separation-state-religion-controversy-rekindled-shinto-linked-imperial-succession-rite/.

Johnson, Ian. 2017. The Souls of China: The Return of Religion After Mao (New York: Pantheon).

Jong, Jonathan. 2015. ‘On (Not) Deﬁning (Non)Religion’, Science, Religion & Culture 2.3: 15-24. Doi: https://doi.org/10.17582/journal.src/2015/2.3.15.24.

Jong, Jonathan, and Jamin Halberstadt. 2016. Death Anxiety and Religious Belief: An Existential Psychology of Religion (London: Bloomsbury).

Josephson, Jason Ānanda. 2012. The Invention of Religion in Japan (Chicago: University of Chicago Press).

Josephson-Storm, Jason Ānanda. 2017. The Myth of Disenchantment: Magic, Modernity, and the Birth of the Human Sciences (Chicago: University of Chicago Press). Doi: https://doi.org/10.7208/chicago/9780226403533.001.0001.

Kaneko, Satoru. 1990. ‘Dimensions of Religiosity among Believers in Japanese Folk Religion’, Journal for the Scientiﬁc Study of Religion 29.1: 1-18. Doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/1387027.

Kavanagh, Christopher M. 2016. ‘Religion without Belief’, Aeon Magazine. Online: https://aeon.co/essays/can-religion-be-based-on-ritual-practice-without-belief.

Kavanagh, Christopher M., Robert Thomson, and Masaki Yuki. 2016. ‘A Critical Survey of Online Users of a Popular Japanese Crowdsourcing Website’. Online: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/306064783_Lancers_Demographics_A_critical_survey_of_users_of_a_popular_Japanese_crowdsourcing_website.

Kavanagh, Christopher M., and Masaki Yuki. 2017. ‘Culture and Group Processes’, Online Readings in Psychology and Culture 5.4. Online: https://scholarworks.gvsu.edu/orpc/vol5/iss4/4/. Doi: https://doi.org/10.9707/2307-0919.1154.

Kawano, Satsuki. 2005. Ritual Practice in Modern Japan: Ordering Place, People, and Action (Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press).

Kleine, Christoph. 2013. ‘Religion and the Secular in Premodern Japan from the Viewpoint of Systems Theory’, Journal of Religion in Japan 2.1: 1–34. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1163/22118349-12341246.

Kleine, Christoph. 2019. ‘Formations of Secularity in Ancient Japan? On Cultural Encounters, Critical Junctures, and Path-Dependent Processes’, Journal of Religion in Japan 8.1–3: 9-45. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1163/22118349-00801004.

Krämer, Hans Martin. 2013. ‘How “Religion” Came to Be Translated as Shūkyō: Shimaji Mokurai and the Appropriation of Religion in Early Meiji Japan’, Japan Review 25: 89-111.

Krämer, Hans Martin. 2015. Shimaji Mokurai and the Reconception of Religion and the Secular in Modern Japan (Honolulu, HA: University of Hawai’i Press). Doi: https://doi.org/10.21313/hawaii/9780824851538.001.0001.

Lambert, Yves. 2004. ‘A Turning Point in Religious Evolution in Europe’, Journal of Contemporary Religion 19.1: 29-45. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/1353790032000165104.

Lopez Jr., Donald S. 1998. Prisoners of Shangri-La: Tibetan Buddhism and the West (Chicago: University of Chicago Press). Doi: https://doi.org/10.7208/chicago/9780226190488.001.0001.

Lopez Jr., Donald S. 2001. Buddhism: An Introduction and Guide (London: Penguin UK).

Lopez Jr., Donald S. 2015. Buddhism in Practice: Abridged Edition (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press). Doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvcm4h64.

Mandelbaum, Maurice. 1965. ‘Family Resemblances and Generalization Concerning the Arts’, American Philosophical Quarterly 2.3: 219-28.

Markus, Hazel Rose, and Shinobu Kitayama. 1991. ‘Culture and the Self: Implications for Cognition, Emotion, and Motivation’, Psychological Review 98.2: 224-53. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.98.2.224.

Maxey, Trent Elliott. 2014. The ‘Greatest Problem’: Religion and State Formation in Meiji Japan (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Asia Center). Doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctt1x07wk0.

McCauley, Robert N., and E. Thomas Lawson. 2002. Bringing Ritual to Mind: Psychological Foundations of Cultural Forms (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press). Doi: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511606410.

McCutcheon, Russell T. 1997. Manufacturing Religion: The Discourse on Sui Generis Religion and the Politics of Nostalgia (Oxford: Oxford University Press).

McGuire, Meredith B. 2008. Lived Religion: Faith and Practice in Everyday Life (Oxford: Oxford University Press).

Metraux, A. 1995. ‘Religious Terrorism in Japan: The Fatal Appeal of Aum Shinrikyo’, Asian Survey 35.12: 1140-54. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1525/as.1995.35.12.01p0079e.

Mullins, Mark R. 2011. ‘Religion in Contemporary Japanese Lives’, in V. Bestor, T.C. Bestor, and A. Yamagata (eds.), Routledge Handbook of Japanese Culture and Society (New York: Routledge): 63-74.

Necka, Elizabeth A., Stephanie Cacioppo, Greg J. Norman, and John T. Cacioppo. 2016. ‘Measuring the Prevalence of Problematic Respondent Behaviors among MTurk, Campus, and Community Participants’, PLOS ONE 11.6: e0157732. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0157732.

Nelson, John K. 1996a. A Year in the Life of a Shinto Shrine (Seattle, WA: University of Washington Press).

Nelson, John K. 1996b. ‘Freedom of Expression: The Very Modern Practice of Visiting a Shinto Shrine’, Japanese Journal of Religious Studies 23.1: 117-53. Doi: https://doi.org/10.18874/jjrs.23.1-2.1996.117-153.

Nishi, Kumiko. 2008. ‘Shūkyō teki na mono’ ni hikareru Nihonjin—ISSP kokusai hikaku chōsa (shūkyō) kara’ “宗教的なもの” にひかれる日本人〜 ISSP国際比較調査(宗教)から〜 (Japanese People’s Attraction to Religious Phenomena—From the ISSP International Comparative Survey [Religion]) (NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute). Doi: https://www.nhk.or.jp/bunken/summary/research/report/2009_05/090505.pdf.

Okada, Shigekiyo (ed.). 1994. Nihon Shukyo He No Shikaku [Approaches to Japanese Religion] (Osaka, Japan: Toho Shuppan).

Pals, Daniel L. 2006. Eight Theories of Religion (New York: Oxford University Press).

Paulhus, Delroy L., and Simine Vazire. 2007. ‘The Self-Report Method’, Handbook of Research Methods in Personality Psychology 1: 224-39.

Purzycki, Benjamin Grant, Omar Sultan Haque, and Richard Sosis. 2014. ‘Extending Evolutionary Accounts of Religion beyond the Mind: Religions as Adaptive Systems’, in F. Watts and L.P. Turner (eds.), Evolution, Religion, and Cognitive Science: Critical and Constructive Essays (Oxford: Oxford University Press): 74-91. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199688081.003.0005.

Purzycki, B.G., and R. Sosis. Forthcoming. ‘Resistance, Subversion, and the Absence of Religion in Traditional Societies’, in S. Bullivant and M. Ruse (eds.), The Cambridge History of Atheism (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press). Pre-print available at Research Gate: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/333618468_Resistance_Subversion_and_the_Absence_of_Religion_in_Traditional_Societies.

Pyysiäinen, Ilkka. 2003. ‘Buddhism, Religion and the Concept of “God”’, Numen International Review for the History of Religions 50.2: 147-71. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1163/156852703321506141.

Pyysiäinen, Ilkka. 2009. Supernatural Agents: Why We Believe in Souls, Gods, and Buddhas (Oxford: Oxford University Press). Doi: https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195380026.001.0001.

Rappaport, Roy A. 1991. Ritual and Religion in the Making of Humanity (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press).

Reader, Ian. 1990. Religion in Contemporary Japan (Basingstoke: MacMillan). Doi: https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230375840.

Reader, Ian. 1994. ‘Civil Religion in Contemporary Japan’, The Copenhagen Journal of Asian Studies 9.1: 6. Doi: https://doi.org/10.22439/cjas.v9i1.1831.

Reader, Ian. 1996. A Poisonous Cocktail? Aum Shinrikyo’s Path to Violence (Copenhagen: NIAS Press).

Reader, Ian. 2000. Religious Violence in Contemporary Japan: The Case of Aum Shinrikyō (Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press).

Reader, Ian. 2004. ‘Dichotomies, Contested Terms and Contemporary Issues in the Study of Religion’, Electronic Journal of Contemporary Japanese Studies, Discussion Paper 3. Online: http://www.japanesestudies.org.uk/discussionpapers/Reader2.html.

Reader, I. 2016. ‘Problematic Conceptions and Critical Developments: The Construction and Relevance of “Religion” and Religious Studies in Japan’, Journal of the Irish Society for the Academic Study of Religions 3.1: 198-218.

Reader, Ian, and George J. Tanabe. 1998. Practically Religious: Worldly Beneﬁts and the Common Religion of Japan (Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press).

Roemer, Michael K. 2009. ‘Religious Afﬁliation in Contemporary Japan: Untangling the Enigma’, Review of Religious Research 50.3: 298-320.

Roemer, Michael K. 2010. ‘Shinto Festival Involvement and Sense of Self in Contemporary Japan’, Japan Forum 22: 491-512. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/09555803.2010.533506.

Rowe, Mark Michael. 2011. Bonds of the Dead: Temples, Burial, and the Transformation of Contemporary Japanese Buddhism (Chicago: University of Chicago Press). Doi: https://doi.org/10.7208/chicago/9780226730165.001.0001.

Samuel, Geoffrey. 1993. Civilized Shamans: Buddhism in Tibetan Societies (Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press).

Slingerland, Edward, and Joseph A. Bulbulia. 2011. ‘Evolutionary Science and the Study of Religion’, Religion 41.3: 307-28. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/0048721X.2011.604513.

Smith, Oliver. 2018. ‘Mapped: The World’s Most (and Least) Religious Countries’, The Telegraph, 14 January. Online: https://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/maps-and-graphics/most-religious-countries-in-the-world/.

Southwold, Martin. 1978. ‘Buddhism and the Deﬁnition of Religion’, Man 13.3: 362-79. Doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/2801935.

Spiro, Melford E. 1965. ‘Religious Systems as Culturally Constituted Defense Mechanisms’, in M.E. Spiro (ed.), Concept and Meaning in Cultural Anthropology (New York: The Free Press): 100-113.

Spiro, Melford E. 1971. ‘Religion: Problems of Deﬁnition and Explanation’, in M. Banton (ed.), Anthropological Approaches to the Study of Religion (London: Tavistock Publications): 85-126.

Spiro, Melford E. 1982. Buddhism and Society: A Great Tradition and Its Burmese Vicissitudes (London: University of California Press).

Staufenberg, Jess. 2016. ‘The Six Countries in the World That Believe in God the Least’, The Independent, 23 March. Online: http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/atheists-countries-list-six-world-most-convinced-a6946291.html.

Szerszynski, Bronislaw. 2002. ‘Ecological Rites: Ritual Action in Environmental Protest Events’, Theory, Culture & Society 19.3: 51-69. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/026327602401081521.

Tacey, David. 2004. The Spirituality Revolution: The Emergence of Contemporary Spirituality (London: Routledge).

Tamamuro, Taijō. 1963. Sõshiki Bukkyō. 葬式仏教 (Funeral Buddhism) (Tokyo: Daihōrinkaku).

Tambiah, Stanley Jeyaraja. 1970. Buddhism and the Spirit Cults in Northeast Thailand (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press).

Tsuji, Yohko. 2002. ‘Death Policies in Japan: The State, the Family, and the Individual’, in R. Goodman (ed.), Family and Social Policy in Japan: Anthropological Approaches (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press): 177-99. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511806551.009.

Tylor, E.B. 1871. Primitive Culture: Researches into the Development of Mythology, Philosophy, Religion, Language, Art, and Custom (London: John Morrow).

Van de Mortel, Thea F. 2008. ‘Faking It: Social Desirability Response Bias in Self-Report Research’, The Australian Journal of Advanced Nursing 25.4: 40.

Voas, David. 2008. ‘The Rise and Fall of Fuzzy Fidelity in Europe’, European Sociological Review 25.2: 155-68. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1093/esr/jcn044.

Watson, J.L. 1993. ‘Rites or Beliefs? The Construction of a Uniﬁed Culture in Late Imperial China’, in L. Dittmer and S.S. Kim (eds.), China’s Quest for National Identity (Ithaca: Cornell University Press): 80-103. Doi: https://doi.org/10.7591/9781501723773-006.

Whitehouse, Harvey. 2000. Arguments and Icons: Divergent Modes of Religiosity (Oxford: Oxford University Press).

Whitehouse, Harvey. 2004. Modes of Religiosity: A Cognitive Theory of Religious Transmission (Walnut Creek, CA: AltaMira Press).

Willard, Aiyana K., and Ara Norenzayan. 2017. ‘“Spiritual but Not Religious”: Cognition, Schizotypy, and Conversion in Alternative Beliefs’, Cognition 165: 137-46. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2017.05.018.

WinGallup. 2014. End of Year Survey 2014-Japan (Zurich: WinGallup International).

WIN-Gallup International. 2012. Global Index of Religiosity and Atheism. WIN-Gallup International.

Yanagawa Kei’ichi. 1991. Gendai nihonjin no shūkyō. 現代日本人の宗教 (The Religion of Contemporary Japanese) (Kyoto: Hozokan).

Yanagawa, Kei’ichi, Yoshiya Abe, and Jan Swyngedouw. 1978. ‘Some Observations on the Sociology of Religion in Japan’, Japanese Journal of Religious Studies 5.1: 5-36. Doi: https://doi.org/10.18874/jjrs.5.1.1978.5-27.

Yang, Fenggang. 2011. Religion in China: Survival and Revival under Communist Rule (Oxford: Oxford University Press). Doi: https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199735655.001.0001.

Yuki, Masaki. 2003. ‘Intergroup Comparison Versus Intragroup Relationships: A Cross-Cultural Examination of Social Identity Theory in North American and East Asian Cultural Contexts’, Social Psychology Quarterly 66.2: 166-83. Doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/1519846.

Yuki, M., and J. Schug. 2012. ‘Relational Mobility: A Socioecological Approach to Personal Relationships’, in O. Gillath, G. Adams, and A. Kunkel (eds.), Decade of Behavior 2000–2010: Relationship Science: Integrating Evolutionary, Neuroscience, and Sociocultural Approaches (Washington, D.C.: American Psychological Association): 137-51. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1037/13489-007.

Yuki, M., and K. Takemura. 2014. ‘Intergroup Comparison and Intragroup Relationships: Group Processes in the Cultures of Individualism and Collectivism’, in M. Yuki and M. Brewer (eds.

Book Review RELIGION AND PSYCHOTHERAPY IN MODERN JAPAN | Pacific Affairs (UBC Journal)

RELIGION AND PSYCHOTHERAPY IN MODERN JAPAN | Edited by Christopher Harding, Iwata Fumiaki, and Yoshinaga Shin’ichi |

Christopher M. Kavanagh
University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom

pp. 660-662, Pacific Affairs (UBC Jour nal)

RELIGION AND PSYCHOTHERAPY IN MODERN JAPAN | Edited by Christopher Harding, Iwata Fumiaki, and Yoshinaga Shin’ichi

Routledge Contemporary Japan Series, 54.

London; New York: Routledge, 2015. xviii, 300 pp. (Figures, tables.) US$155.00

This edited volume offers an intriguing collection of articles that manage to address an impressive variety of topics and themes while remaining tightly focused on the volume’s core topic: the interaction between religion and psychotherapy in Japan. All of the individual articles, with the exception of an introductory historical overview provided by one of the editors Christopher Harding, are by Japanese scholars. Consequently, the volume serves not just as a useful compilation of research on this topic but also as a valuable English-language resource for Japanese scholarship on the topic.

Psychotherapy remains a marginal practice in Japan and public surveys repeatedly suggest a similar low priority is accorded to religion. Consequently, focusing on the interaction of these two topics in a Japanese context may seem a very niche endeavour. However, the influence of psychoanalysis and its associated theories reach much further than client numbers might suggest. And similarly, claims of the secular nature of Japan tend to ignore the popularity and prevalence of non-denominational practices and beliefs. As a result, the volume provides insight that is more broadly applicable than would first appear and will be of interest not just to religious scholars and psychoanalysts but also anthropologists, sociologists, historians, and potentially cross-cultural psychologists.

Harding’s introduction provides an excellent orientation to the rest of the volume, succinctly summarizing the key themes and core debates surrounding psycho-religious discourses. He also cautions about the problematic issue of a lack of information concerning the perspectives of dissatisfied customers, or clients more generally, in the volume, an especially pertinent caveat given the number of chapters that focus on the lives and theories of influential founding figures. This general introduction is then supplemented by the first two chapters, which offer a concise chronological review of the changing relationship of psychological disciplines and religion (Harding) with a variety of well-chosen historical illustrations (Hashimoto). These chapters cover a lot of ground and provide ample evidence of how the interactive dynamic between religion and psychotherapy has fluctuated between ambivalence, open antagonism, and endorsement with the adoption of religiously inspired psychoanalytical therapies (for example, Morita and Naikan).

The historical detail in the first half of the book is particularly rich and while this means the chapters occasionally veer into historical minutiae, they also provide a detailed contextual foundation which grounds the later chapters focusing on influential figures (Iwata, Ando, Tarutani), specific therapies (Kondo and Kitanishi, Shimazono, Terao), regional variations (Shiotsuki, Taniyama) and contemporary practices (Horie, Tamiyana).

While the quality of contributions is generally high there are a few chapters that are worth highlighting in particular. Shimazono Susumu’s contribution provides a short but useful overview of the “psycho-religious composite movement” but it is his case study of the religious origins of Yoshimoto Naikan therapy and the charting of its later secular alterations that makes this chapter stand out. Iwata’s chapter detailing the significant Buddhist influence on the pioneering psychoanalyst Kosawa Heisaku and his influential “Ajase complex” theory is also excellent. Iwata’s account of the rejection of this Buddhist spiritual foundation by Kosawa’s well-known students, Doi Takeo and Okonogi Keigo, also offers a microcosmic illustration of the dramatic variation in viewpoints presented throughout the volume. Finally, Horie Norichika’s chapter on contemporary views of reincarnation in Japan provides some much-needed evidence drawn from more recent trends. His analysis of online reincarnation accounts is statistically problematic but the chapter overall illustrates clearly how in the contemporary era there is a multiplicity of reincarnation narratives that variously accord and conflict with more traditional Buddhist accounts.

Half of the articles are translations of previous publications and while this does not detract from their relevance it does result in some rather jarring tonal departures. In particular, the chapter by Kondo and Kitanishi on Morita therapy comes across as an unusually hagiographic account of Morita Masatake, the founder of the practice, and includes some questionable generalizations about the unique “Asian” psychological and philosophical underpinnings of the practice. This is more understandable if one is aware that Kondo and Kitanishi are Morita practitioners offering an “insider analysis”; however, without careful reading of the introductory chapter (14) this fact is likely to be overlooked by readers. Similarly, while Terao’s chapter on Catholic Naikan practices is less indulgent, at times it also seems to cross into implicit endorsement of Catholic perspectives: “The sacrament of Communion, which goes beyond the solace of words, is an experience of being united with the real body and blood of Christ” (174).

By contrast, the final chapter on chaplaincy work in disaster areas, by the Buddhist priest Taniyama, is entirely devoid of such implicit endorsements and instead provides a careful account of how modern religious practitioners in Japan might offer non-intrusive support in the wake of disasters. The personal accounts detailed in this chapter are fascinating and demonstrate the ambiguous and marginal position of religious institutions operating in the public sphere in Japan.

Overall, this volume provides a unique resource for scholars interested in modern Japan and a clear illustration of how the Japanese response to Western-derived psychoanalytical theories was far from passive receptivity. Instead, the contributions to the volume demonstrate diverse and creative interpretations that at times have drawn heavily on the cultural heritage of Japan’s religions. Furthermore, while the volume illustrates that the role of religious institutions in caring for the mentally ill has declined throughout the twentieth century, it also indicates that traditional religious philosophies and introspective practices remain a significant component of contemporary therapy. Similarly, several chapters highlight that there is a continued interest in traditional healers and new “spiritual” groups, as well as ongoing attempts by religious practitioners to reinvigorate their pastoral roles, all of which means that, even as the influence of mainstream religion declines, the interaction between religion and therapeutic practices in Japan remains a relevant topic in the contemporary era.

Psychotherapy and Religion in Japan: Naikan : Ozawa-de Silva, Chikako

Amazon - Psychotherapy and Religion in Japan: The Japanese Introspection Practice of Naikan (Japan Anthropology Workshop): Ozawa-de Silva, Chikako: 9780415545686: Books

Psychotherapy and Religion in Japan:

The Japanese Introspection Practice of Naikan

(Japan Anthropology Workshop) 1st Edition

by Chikako Ozawa-de Silva (Author)

Ozawa-de Silva, Chikako

5.0 out of 5 stars 4 ratings

Naikan is a Japanese psychotherapeutic method which combines meditation-like body engagement with the recovery of memory and the reconstruction of one's autobiography in order to bring about healing and a changed notion of the self.

Based on original anthropological fieldwork, this fascinating book provides a detailed ethnography of Naikan in practice. In addition, it discusses key issues such as the role of memory, autobiography and narrative in health care, and the interesting borderland between religion and therapy, where Naikan occupies an ambiguous position. Multidisciplinary in its approach, it will attract a wide readership, including students of social and cultural anthropology, medical sociology, religious studies, Japanese studies and psychotherapy.

Editorial Reviews

Review

'This fascinating and carefully researched study provides one of the few accounts of a modern nonwestern psychotherapy practice. It should be read by all interested in psychotherapy and culture.' - Tanya Luhrmann, University of Chicago, USA

'This is the most serious interpretation of the practice of Naikan I have come across...A compelling book that the reader will sit down and finish in a single reading and at the end assisted to look deeply into his or her own moral life. It is a book as much about our shared existential condition as about Japanese culture today.' - Arthur Kleinman, Harvard University, USA

About the Author

Chikako Ozawa-de Silva is Assistant Professor of Anthropology at Emory University. Her work focuses on cross-cultural understandings of health and illness, mind and body, religious healing practices, medicine and therapy in the fields of medical anthropology, psychological anthropology and the anthropology of religion by bringing together Western and Asian (particularly Japanese and Tibetan) methodologies and epistemologies.

Product details

Publisher ‏ : ‎ Routledge; 1st edition (September 27, 2006)

Language ‏ : ‎ English

Paperback ‏ : ‎ 224 pages

#116 in Shintoism (Books)

#430 in History of Ethnic & Tribal Religions

#689 in Buddhist History (Books)

Customer Reviews: 5.0 out of 5 stars 4 ratings

5.0 out of 5 stars

===

Incantessimo

VINE VOICE

5.0 out of 5 stars An important contribution

Reviewed in the United States on June 1, 2007

The Japanese introspection practice of Naikan is a fascinating example of a meditation-like self-cultivation practice that lies on the border of psychotherapy and spirituality. Through it, individuals probe into their own past experiences and their relationships with other people in their life, asking "What did I receive from this person?

What did I give back to this person? What trouble did I cause this person?"

Through this simple method, over the period of a week, they come to recognize profound truths regarding the interdependence of their lives, and the infinite small kindnesses others have shown them over time. The ensuing feelings of gratitude free up psychological and even at times physical blockages to allow relief and transformation.

Written in a very clear style and easily accessible by both layperson and scholars, this book provides an excellent description and analysis of the practice of Naikan.

One chapter is devoted to the narratives of Naikan clients themselves as they progress through their week of Naikan; this chapter is especially gripping, as the reader is able to journey along with the clients as they engage in the inner struggle that ensues when their preconceived negative perceptions and judgments of others are undermined by their own sustained reflection and remembering.

This book will be of value to general readers with an interest in meditation, introspection and psychotherapy. It is also an important contribution to the field of psychological and medical anthropology, as it provides an important analysis of a non-western psychotherapeutic method that works on the levels of both body and mind. It is also significant in that it relates Naikan back to the Buddhist psychological insights upon which the method was originally based, and which it still in many ways embodies.

Read less

8 people found this helpful

LoveDakini

5.0 out of 5 stars 'must have'

Reviewed in the United States on June 24, 2010

This book is a 'must have' for all social anthropologists. I found this book to be essential in my research re Japanese-American religious syncretism and associated social value practices.

===