위숫디막가
불교 |
---|
요약[편집]
- 첫째 부분은 (파트 1) 규율의 규칙과 수련에 적절한 절을 찾거나 좋은 선생을 만나는 법을 설명한다.
- 둘째 부분은 (파트 2) 사마타의 수행법, 대상을 대상으로 보는 법을 다룬다. (40 개의 전통적인 대상의 목록에 대해서는 카마싸나를 참고하자) 이 파트에서는 집중의 다른 단계를 언급한다.
- 셋째 부분은 (파트 3-7) 오온, 십이처, 사성제, 연기, 지혜의 개발을 통한 위파사나의 실천에 관한 서술이다. 여기서는 실천으로 인해 드러나는 지식의 다양한 형태를 강조하며, 불교철학 특유의 굉장한 분석적인 노력을 보여준다.
정화의 일곱 단계[편집]
- 행동의 정화 (sīla-visuddhi)
- 마음의 정화 (citta-visuddhi)
- 관점의 정화 (ditthi-visuddhi)
- 의심의 극복에 의한 정화 (kankha-vitarana-visuddhi)
- 무엇이 길인지를 아는 지혜와 식견에 의한 정화 (maggamagga-ñanadassana-visuddhi)
- 실천 과정에 대한 지혜와 식견에 의한 정화 (patipada-ñanadassana-visuddhi)
- 일어나고 사라짐을 관조하는 지혜 (udayabbayanupassana-nana)
- 해소를 관조하는 지혜 (bhanganupassana-nana)
- 공포를 관조하는 지혜 (bhayatupatthana-nana)
- 위험을 관조하는 지혜 (adinavanupassana-nana)
- 무심을 관조하는 지혜 (nibbidanupassana-nana)
- 해탈을 열망하는 지혜 (muncitukamyata-nana)
- 심사숙고를 관조하는 지혜 (patisankhanupassana-nana)
- 지에 대한 평온의 지혜 (sankharupekka-nana)
- 순응의 지혜 (anuloma-nana)
- 지혜와 식견에 의한 정화 (ñanadassana-visuddhi)
- Change of lineage
- 첫 번째의 길과 그 과실
- 두 번째의 길과 그 과실
- 세 번째의 길과 그 과실
- 네 번째의 길과 그 과실
실지[편집]
상좌부불교 외에 미친 영향[편집]
참고 문서[편집]
출처[편집]
인쇄된 팔리어 판본[편집]
- Caroline A. F. Rhys Davids, Visuddhimagga Pali Text Society, London, 1920 & 1921. (Latin script)
- Warren, H. C. & Kosambi, D. D. Visuddhimagga of Buddhaghosâcariya, Harvard Oriental Series, Vol. 41, 1950.[13][14][15](Latin script)
- Hewavitarne Bequest edition, Colombo, Sri Lanka (Sinhalese script)
- Hanthawaddy Press edition, Rangoon, Myanmar (Burmese script)
- Royal Siamese edition, Bangkok, Thailand (Thai script)
영어 번역본[편집]
- The Path of Purity, Pe Maung (trans.), Pali Text Society, London, 3 vols., 1922–31 Part 1: Of Virtue, Part 2: Of Concentration & Part 3: Of Understanding
- Bhikkhu Nyanamoli (trans.), The Path of Purification, Visuddhimagga, Buddhist Publication Society, Kandy 2011, ISBN 955-24-0023-6.
- Buddhist Meditation, Edward Conze (trans.), NB: Partial translation, 2002, ISBN 81-215-0781-2
타언어 번역본[편집]
- Der Weg zur Reinheit, Nyanatiloka & Verlag Christiani (trans.), Konstanz, 1952 (German)
- Sinhala Visuddhimargaya, Pandita Matara Sri Dharmavamsa Sthavira, Matara, Sri Lanka, 1953 (Sinhalese)
- Le chemin de la pureté, Christian Maës, Fayard 2002 (Français), ISBN 978-2213607658
- Il sentiero della purificazione, Antonella Serena Comba, Lulu.com 2010, seconda edizione (Italiano)
- คัมภีร์วิสุทธิมรรค (Khamphi Wisutthimak), Somdej Phra Buddhacarya (Ard Asabhamahathera), sixth edition. Bangkok: Mahachulalongkornrajvidyalaya University, B.E. 2548 (2005). ISBN 974-91641-5-6
기타 출처[편집]
- Gunaratana, Henepola (1994), 《The Path of Serenity and Insight》, Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass Publishers Private Limited
- Kalupahana, David J. (1994), 《A history of Buddhist philosophy》, Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass Publishers Private Limited
- Thanissaro Bhikkhu (trans.) (1999). Ratha-vinita Sutta: Relay Chariots (MN 24).
- N.R.M. Ehara (trans.), Soma Thera (trans.) and Kheminda Thera (trans.) (1995). The Path of Freedom (Vimuttimagga) by the Arahant Upatissa. Kandy, Sri Lanka: Buddhist Publication Society. ISBN 955-24-0054-6. Online: https://archive.org/details/ArahantUpatossa-Vimuttimagga-PathOfFreedom.pdf
각주[편집]
- ↑ (Bhikkhu Nyanamoli 2011 p. xxvii.)
- ↑ See, for instance, Kheminda Thera, in Ehara et al. 1995 p. xliii: "The Visuddhimagga is a household word in all Theravāda lands. No scholar of Buddhism whether of Theravāda or of Mahāyāna is unacquainted with it."
- ↑ Biographical article Britannica – June 14th, 2017 "...According to the various traditions of Buddhism, there have been buddhas in the past and there will be buddhas in the future. Some forms of Buddhism hold that there is only one buddha for each historical age; others hold that all beings will eventually become buddhas because they possess the buddha nature (tathagatagarbha)..."
- ↑ See Thanissaro (1999) for a translation of the Ratha-vinita Sutta. See the various Visuddhimagga printings listed below to see the manner in which this sutta is explicitly integrated into the work.
- ↑ Vimuttimagga & Visuddhimagga - A Comparative Study. PV Bapat, lvii
- ↑ Gunaratana 1994, 143-174쪽.
- ↑ Jacobsen, edited by Knut A. (2011). 《Yoga Powers》. Leiden: Brill. 93쪽. ISBN 9789004212145.
- ↑ Jacobsen, edited by Knut A. (2011). 《Yoga Powers》. Leiden: Brill. 83–86쪽. ISBN 9789004212145.
- ↑ Jacobsen, edited by Knut A. (2011). 《Yoga Powers》. Leiden: Brill. 83–86쪽. ISBN 9789004212145.
- ↑ Schmidt, Amy (2005). 《Dipa Ma》. Windhorse Publications Ltd. Chapter 9 At Home in Strange Realms쪽.
- ↑ Kalupahana 1994, 206쪽.
- ↑ Kalupahana 1994, 207-208쪽.
- ↑ Stede, W. (October 1951). “The Visuddhimagga of Buddhaghosācariyaby Henry Clarke Warren; Dharmananda Kosambi”. 《The Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland》 (3/4): 210–211. JSTOR 25222520.
- ↑ Stede, D. A. L. (1953). “Visuddhimagga of Buddhaghosācariya by Henry Clarke Warren; Dharmananda Kosambi”. 《Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London》 15 (2): 415. doi:10.1017/s0041977x00111346. JSTOR 608574.
- ↑ Edgerton, Franklin (January 1952). “Visuddhimagga of Buddhaghosācariya by Henry Clarke Warren; Dharmananda Kosambi”. 《Philosophy East and West》 1 (4): 84–85. doi:10.2307/1397003. JSTOR 1397003.
외부 링크[편집]
- Mahasi Sayadaw, The Progress of Insight (Visuddhiñana-katha)
- Ve. Matara Sri Nanarama, The Seven Stages of Purification & The Insight Knowledges
- The entire Visuddhimagga: The Path of Purification by Bhadantacariya Buddhaghosa tr. by Ñānamoli Thera.
- The Path of Purification (Visuddhimagga) by Bhadantacariya Buddhaghosa
清浄道論
構成[編集]
- 第1部
- 序章 : 因縁等の論(Nidānādi-kathā)
- 第1章 : 戒の解釈(Sīla-niddeso)
- 第2章 : 頭陀支の解釈(Dhutaṅga-niddeso)
- 第3章 : 業処把取の解釈(Kammaṭṭhāna-ggahaṇa-niddeso)
- 第4章 : 地遍の解釈(Pathavī-kasiṇa-niddeso)
- 第5章 : 余遍の解釈(Sesa-kasiṇa-niddeso)
- 第6章 : 不浄業処の解釈(Asubha-kammaṭṭhāna-niddeso)
- 第7章 : 六随念の解釈(Chaanus-sati-niddeso)
- 第8章 : 随念業処の解釈(Anus-sati-kammaṭṭhāna-niddeso)
- 第9章 : 梵住の解釈(Brahmavihāra-niddeso)
- 第10章 : 無色の解釈(Āruppa-niddeso)
- 第11章 : 定の解釈(Samādhi-niddeso)
- 第2部
- 第12章 : 神変の解釈(Iddhividha-niddeso)
- 第13章 : 神通の解釈(Abhiññā-niddeso)
- 第14章 : 蘊の解釈(Khandha-niddeso)
- 第15章 : 処・界の解釈(Āyatana-dhātu-niddeso)
- 第16章 : 根・諦の解釈(Indriya-sacca-niddeso)
- 第17章 : 慧地の解釈(Paññā-bhūmi-niddeso)
- 第18章 : 見清浄の解釈(Diṭṭhi-visuddhi-niddeso)
- 第19章 : 度疑清浄の解釈(Kaṅkhā-vitaraṇa-visuddhi-niddeso)
- 第20章 : 道非道智見清浄の解釈(Maggāmagga-ñāṇa-dassana-visuddhi-niddeso)
- 第21章 : 行道智見清浄の解釈(Paṭipadā-ñāṇa-dassana-visuddhi-niddeso)
- 第22章 : 智見清浄の解釈(Ñāṇa-dassana-visuddhi-niddeso)
- 第23章 : 慧修習の功徳の解釈(Paññā-bhāva-nāni-saṃsa-niddeso)
内容[編集]
日本語訳[編集]
脚注[編集]
注釈[編集]
出典[編集]
- ^ a b 清浄道論とは - ブリタニカ国際大百科事典/日本大百科全書
- ^ a b “清浄道論(しょうじょうどうろん)とは - コトバンク”. 朝日新聞社. 2017年7月25日閲覧。
- ^ 『南伝大蔵経』
関連項目[編集]
外部リンク[編集]
- ヴィスッディ・マッガ(清浄道論)和訳 - ウェイバックマシン(2001年10月6日アーカイブ分) - クリシュナムルティ学友会/正田大観
- Visuddhimagga(清浄道論)英訳 - Nanamoli Bhikkuによるパーリ語からの英訳
Visuddhimagga
Part of a series on |
Theravāda Buddhism |
---|
Visuddhimagga | |
---|---|
Type | Commentary |
Commentary on | Digha Nikaya, Samyutta Nikaya, Majjhima Nikaya, Anguttara Nikaya |
Composition | 5th Century CE |
Attribution | Buddhaghosa |
Commentary | Visuddhimaggamahātīkā |
PTS Abbreviation | Vism |
Pāli literature |
Background[edit]
Structure[edit]
Reflecting later developments[edit]
Kasina-meditation[edit]
Non-Theravada influences[edit]
Contents[edit]
Summary[edit]
- The first section (part 1) explains the rules of discipline, and the method for finding a correct temple to practice, or how to meet a good teacher.
- The second section (part 2) describes samatha practice, object by object (see Kammatthana for the list of the forty traditional objects). It mentions different stages of concentration.
- The third section (part 3-7) is a description of the five skandhas (aggregates), ayatanas, the Four Noble Truths, dependent origination (Pratitya-samutpada), and the practice of vipassana through the development of wisdom. It emphasizes different forms of knowledge emerging because of the practice. This part shows a great analytical effort specific to Buddhist philosophy.
Seven Stages of Purification[edit]
- Purification of Conduct (sīla-visuddhi)
- Purification of Mind (citta-visuddhi)
- Purification of View (ditthi-visuddhi)
- Purification by Overcoming Doubt (kankha-vitarana-visuddhi)
- Purification by Knowledge and Vision of What Is Path and Not Path (maggamagga-ñanadassana-visuddhi)
- Purification by Knowledge and Vision of the Course of Practice (patipada-ñanadassana-visuddhi)
- Knowledge of contemplation of rise and fall (udayabbayanupassana-nana)
- Knowledge of contemplation of dissolution (bhanganupassana-nana)
- Knowledge of appearance as terror (bhayatupatthana-nana)
- Knowledge of contemplation of danger (adinavanupassana-nana)
- Knowledge of contemplation of dispassion (nibbidanupassana-nana)
- Knowledge of desire for deliverance (muncitukamyata-nana)
- Knowledge of contemplation of reflection (patisankhanupassana-nana)
- Knowledge of equanimity about formations (sankharupekka-nana)
- Conformity knowledge (anuloma-nana)
- Purification by Knowledge and Vision (ñanadassana-visuddhi)
Siddhis[edit]
Influence[edit]
Traditional Theravada[edit]
Contemporary Theravada[edit]
See also[edit]
Editions[edit]
Printed Pali editions[edit]
- Caroline A. F. Rhys Davids, Visuddhimagga Pali Text Society, London, 1920 & 1921. (Latin script)
- Warren, H. C. & Kosambi, D. D. Visuddhimagga of Buddhaghosâcariya, Harvard Oriental Series, Vol. 41, 1950.[26][27][28](Latin script)
- Hewavitarne Bequest edition, Colombo, Sri Lanka (Sinhala script)
South-East Asia[edit]
- Sinhala
- Sinhala Visuddhimargaya, Pandita Matara Sri Dharmavamsa Sthavira, Matara, Sri Lanka, 1953 (Sinhala)
- Burmese
- Hanthawaddy Press edition, Rangoon, Myanmar (Burmese script)
- Thai
- Royal Siamese edition, Bangkok, Thailand (Thai script)
- คัมภีร์วิสุทธิมรรค (Khamphi Wisutthimak), Somdej Phra Buddhacarya (Ard Asabhamahathera), sixth edition. Bangkok: Mahachulalongkornrajvidyalaya University, B.E. 2548 (2005). ISBN 974-91641-5-6
English translations[edit]
- The Path of Purity, Pe Maung (trans.), Pali Text Society, London, 3 vols., 1922–31 Part 1: Of Virtue, Part 2: Of Concentration & Part 3: Of Understanding
- Bhikkhu Nyanamoli (trans.), The Path of Purification, Visuddhimagga, Buddhist Publication Society, Kandy 2011, ISBN 955-24-0023-6.
- Buddhist Meditation, Edward Conze (trans.), NB: Partial translation, 2002, ISBN 81-215-0781-2
Other European translations[edit]
- Der Weg zur Reinheit, Nyanatiloka & Verlag Christiani (trans.), Konstanz, 1952 (German)
- Le chemin de la pureté, Christian Maës, Fayard 2002 (Français), ISBN 978-2213607658
Notes[edit]
- ^ See also Bronkhorst (1993), Two Traditions of Meditation in ancient India; Wynne (2007), The Origin of Buddhist Meditation; and Polak (2011), Reexaming Jhana
- ^ Devotion to Metteya was common in South Asia from early in the Buddhist era, and is believed to have been particularly popular during Buddhaghosa's era.[24][25]
References[edit]
- ^ ab See, for instance, Kheminda Thera, in Ehara et al. 1995 p. xliii: "The Visuddhimagga is a household word in all Theravāda lands. No scholar of Buddhism whether of Theravāda or of Mahāyāna is unacquainted with it."
- ^ ab Biographical article Britannica – June 14th, 2017 "...According to the various traditions of Buddhism, there have been buddhas in the past and there will be buddhas in the future. Some forms of Buddhism hold that there is only one buddha for each historical age; others hold that all beings will eventually become buddhas because they possess the buddha nature (tathagatagarbha)..."
- ^ ab Nyanamoli 2011, p. xxvii.
- ^ Shankman 2008, p. 53.
- ^ See Thanissaro (1999) for a translation of the Ratha-vinita Sutta. See the various Visuddhimagga printings listed below to see the manner in which this sutta is explicitly integrated into the work.
- ^ Vimuttimagga & Visuddhimagga - A Comparative Study. PV Bapat, lvii
- ^ Kalupahana, David J. (1994), A history of Buddhist philosophy, Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass Publishers Private Limited
- ^ Sujato, Bhante (2012), A History of Mindfulness (PDF), Santipada, p. 329, ISBN 9781921842108
- ^ Shaw 2006, p. 5.
- ^ ab c Bhikkhu Thanissaro, Concentration and Discernment
- ^ Kalupahana 1994, p. 206.
- ^ Kalupahana 1994, p. 207-208.
- ^ Gunaratana 1994, p. 143-174.
- ^ Jacobsen, edited by Knut A. (2011). Yoga Powers. Leiden: Brill. p. 93. ISBN 9789004212145.
- ^ Jacobsen, edited by Knut A. (2011). Yoga Powers. Leiden: Brill. pp. 83–86. ISBN 9789004212145.
- ^ Jacobsen, edited by Knut A. (2011). Yoga Powers. Leiden: Brill. pp. 83–86. ISBN 9789004212145.
- ^ Schmidt, Amy (2005). Dipa Ma. Windhorse Publications Ltd. p. Chapter 9 At Home in Strange Realms.
- ^ Shankman 2008, p. 117.
- ^ Shankman 2008, p. 136.
- ^ Shankman 2008, p. 137.
- ^ Shankman 2008, p. 137-138.
- ^ Sujato 2012, p. 332.
- ^ ab c The Broken Buddha by S. Dhammika, see p.13 of 80
- ^ Sponberg 2004, p. 737–738.
- ^ "Maitreya (Buddhism) -- Britannica Online Encyclopedia". Retrieved 2009-01-28.
- ^ Stede, W. (October 1951). "The Visuddhimagga of Buddhaghosācariya by Henry Clarke Warren; Dharmananda Kosambi". The Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland (3/4): 210–211. JSTOR 25222520.
- ^ Stede, D. A. L. (1953). "Visuddhimagga of Buddhaghosācariya by Henry Clarke Warren; Dharmananda Kosambi". Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London. 15 (2): 415. doi:10.1017/s0041977x00111346. JSTOR 608574.
- ^ Edgerton, Franklin (January 1952). "Visuddhimagga of Buddhaghosācariya by Henry Clarke Warren; Dharmananda Kosambi". Philosophy East and West. 1 (4): 84–85. doi:10.2307/1397003. JSTOR 1397003.
Sources[edit]
- Gunaratana, Henepola (1994), The Path of Serenity and Insight, Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass Publishers Private Limited
- Kalupahana, David J. (1994), A history of Buddhist philosophy, Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass Publishers Private Limited
- Nyanamoli, Bhikkhu (2011), The Path of Purification, Visuddhimagga, Kandy: Buddhist Publication Society, ISBN 955-24-0023-6
- Shankman, Richard (2008), The Experience of Samadhi: An In-depth Exploration of Buddhist Meditation, Shambhala
- Shaw, Sarah (2006), Buddhist Meditation: An Anthology of Texts from the Pali Canon, Routledge
- Sponberg 2004[citation needed]
- Sujato, Bhikkhu (2012), A History of Mindfulness, Santipada, ISBN 9781921842092
- Thanissaro Bhikkhu (trans.) (1999). Ratha-vinita Sutta: Relay Chariots (MN 24).
External links[edit]
- Mahasi Sayadaw, The Progress of Insight (Visuddhiñana-katha)
- Ve. Matara Sri Nanarama, The Seven Stages of Purification & The Insight Knowledges
- The entire Visuddhimagga: The Path of Purification by Bhadantacariya Buddhaghosa tr. by Ñānamoli Thera
- The Path of Purification (Visuddhimagga) by Bhadantacariya Buddhaghosa