Social Work and Social Care (School Concerns Series): Parrott, Lester: 9780415239707: Amazon.com: Books

Social Work and Social Care (School Concerns Series): Parrott, Lester: 9780415239707: Amazon.com: Books

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Social Work and Social Care (School Concerns Series) 2nd Edition

by Lester Parrott  (Author)

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Social Work and Social Care has been revised and updated to take into account the profound changes that have occurred in social work over the past two years, in particular the extensive legislative changes to childrens and community care services. A new chapter examines the relevance of social exclusion for social work and continues to affirm the importance of equal opportunities and anti-discriminatory practice within social work.

Social Work and Social Care:

* outlines the importance of social policy for social work

* describes the powerful ideological forces that underpin current practice

* considers the future of social work and social care within * altered social and political contexts

* covers all main areas of social work

* includes a glossary and useful website addresses.

This book is essential reading for students approaching the study of social work, social care and social policy and includes the most current research available.

====

Social Work and Social Care

has been revised and updated to takeinto account the profound changes that have occurred in socialwork over the past two years,in particular the extensive legislativechanges to children’s and community care services.A new chapterexamines the relevance ofsocial exclusion for social work and con-tinues to affirm the importance ofequal opportunities andanti-discriminatory practice within social work.

Social Work and Social Care



outlines the importance ofsocial policy for social work



describes the powerful ideological forces that underpin currentpractice



considers the future ofsocial work and social care withinaltered social and political contexts



covers all main areas ofsocial work



includes a glossary and useful website addresses.This book is essential reading for students approaching the study of social work,social care and social policy and includes the mostcurrent research available.

Lester Parrott

is Senior Lecturer in Social Work at North EastWales Institute

===

 

Social Work and Social Care

Social Work and Social Care

has been revised and updated to takeinto account the profound changes that have occurred in socialwork over the past two years,in particular the extensive legislativechanges to children’s and community care services.A new chapterexamines the relevance ofsocial exclusion for social work and con-tinues to affirm the importance ofequal opportunities andanti-discriminatory practice within social work.

Social Work and Social Care



outlines the importance ofsocial policy for social work



describes the powerful ideological forces that underpin currentpractice



considers the future ofsocial work and social care withinaltered social and political contexts



covers all main areas ofsocial work



includes a glossary and useful website addresses.This book is essential reading for students approaching the study of social work,social care and social policy and includes the mostcurrent research available.

Lester Parrott

is Senior Lecturer in Social Work at North EastWales Institute.

 

Contents

List ofillustrationsixForewordxiForeword to the new editionxiiiAcknowledgementsxv

1Social policy,social work and social care

1

Outline1From social administration to social policy1What is social policy?2Issues for social policy3Social work and social policy5Case study6 Social policy and social work education7 Social work and the state9A mixed economy ofwelfare11Case study12Social work as an occupation13Value dilemmas and the purpose ofsocial work15Case study15Conclusion20Key points20Guide to further reading21

2Ideology and the rise ofsocial work

22

Outline22What is ideology?22The development ofsocial work25The post-war period32Conclusion40Key points40Guide to further reading40

 

3Anti-discriminatory practice and social exclusion

41

Outline41Social work in a divided society41From radical social work to anti-discriminatory practice45Social work and equal opportunities47 Equal opportunities,social work and exclusion49Conclusion63Key points63Guide to further reading64

4Residential care:the last resort?

65

Outline65What is residential care?65The origins ofresidential care67 Residential care and older people69Residential care for children and young people76 Conclusion84Key points84Guide to further reading85

5Community care

86

Outline86 What is community?86 History ofcommunity care88Community care and the Griffiths Report91The mixed economy and its consequences94Evaluating community care policy96 Conclusion110Key points111Guide to further reading111

6Policy dilemmas in child and family support

112

Outline112The family and the Welfare State112Different families114Competing perspectives and childcare policy116 

vi

Contents

 

The family,child protection and the PSS118Protection or prevention121From family support to children in need124Evaluating outcomes128Family support and disability130Conclusion132Key points132Guide to further reading133

7Citizenship and empowerment

134

Outline134Citizenship and social work134What is empowerment?140Consumers and citizens142Community care and empowerment147 Enabling and empowerment151Assessment and empowerment152Evaluating empowerment154Conclusion155Key points155Guide to further reading156 

8Social work in altered circumstances

157

Outline157 Social work and the Welfare State157 New Labour and the Welfare State165New Labour and devolution170New Labour’s moral agenda171New Labour and the PSS174Conclusion176 Key points178Guide to further reading179

Glossary180Some useful websites and journals185References188Index20

===s

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0415239702

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Editorial Reviews

Review

'Were all my personal social service students to have read this book before we started, it would make my teaching much easier, and probably far more effective.' -John Baldock, University of Kent, Social Policy Association News

Were all my personal social service students to have read this book before we started, it would make my teaching much easier, and probably far more effective.' - John Baldock, University of Kent, Social Policy Association News

About the Author

Lester Parrott is Senior Lecturer in Social work at North East Wales Institute teaching social policy on professional and undergraduate courses. He worked for many years as a social worker for Derbyshire Social Services Department. He has written a number of books on social policy and social work, his most recent being Social Policy: Social Work Foundations, Prospects Publications.

Product details

Publisher ‏ : ‎ Routledge; 2nd edition (November 22, 2001)

Language ‏ : ‎ English

Understanding Emotions in Social Work: Theory, Practice and Reflection: Theory, Practice and Reflection - Ingram, Richard | 9780335263868 | Amazon.com.au | Books

Understanding Emotions in Social Work: Theory, Practice and Reflection: Theory, Practice and Reflection - Ingram, Richard | 9780335263868 | Amazon.com.au | Books

https://www.scribd.com/document/403889061/Understanding-Emotions-in-Social-Work-pdf

Understanding Emotions in Social Work: Theory, Practice and Reflection: Theory, Practice and Reflection Paperback – 11 August 2015
by Richard Ingram (Author)
4.3 out of 5 stars 5 ratings
Part of: UK Higher Education OUP Humanities & Social Sciences Health & Social Welfare (121 books)


This practical guide will help social work students and practitioners to recognize, reflect upon and use emotions in their practice.
==

Contents

 Acknowledgements

ix

Introduction 1

Part 1: What are emotions and why are they important insocial work? 7

1 What are emotions? 9

2 Locating emotions in the context of social work 26

3 Reflection and the exploration of emotions 43

Part 2: Applying and understanding emotions in social work practice 59

4 Engaging and communicating with service users and carers 61

5 Emotions and written recordings in social work 75

6 Emotions, supervision, and support 90

7 Organizational culture and emotions 105

8 Emotions and the social work professional 11

9 Concluding thoughts 134

 References

137

 Index

145

===

How social workers understand and use their emotions in practice: A thematic synthesis literature review

Louise O’Connor

First Published April 23, 2019 Research Article

https://doi.org/10.1177/1473325019843991

Article information 

Article has an altmetric score of 43 No Access

Abstract

Emotions are intrinsic to social work. Social workers engage with people at points of crisis or need. The emotions of both practitioners and the people they interact with are central to the lived experience of practice. This paper presents a thematic synthesis of empirical studies which illuminate how social workers understand and use their emotions in practice. A search of electronic databases and reference harvesting located 28 papers which were screened against inclusion criteria and appraisal tools. Four analytic themes were identified: emotions as a dynamic relational resource; patterns of organisational and professional relationships; ambivalence, dissonance and distance and the place of emotions in professionalism and identity. Patterns and themes were found in diverse settings. This review brings together a small but valuable knowledge base. Findings suggest that emotions constitute a paradox for social work and are potentially a constructive resource. The paper concludes with suggestions for further research into the situated emotions of social work practice.

===

 

Praise for this book

“This is a timely publication that reinforces the centrality of emotions andemotional intelligence in social work practice – a must read for all aspiring andpractising social workers.”

Gillian Ruch,

 

 Professor of Social Work, School of Education and Social Work,University of Sussex, UK

---

“What Understanding Emotions in Social Work does is cuts across all layers ofthe social work curriculum and indeed the “resistance and lethargy’’ regarding“the role of emotions within social work practice” that Ingram refers to. Itaffords us with a medium through which to explore the substance of that whichcauses us to react and provides us with a space in which to learn more about whatit means to respond; both to ourselves and to those we engage with.It is a book for anyone involved in professional social work education andpractice; one that will become a well-thumbed addition to the discerning practi-tioner’s library.”

 

 Amanda M L Taylor, Senior Lecturer, School of Social Work,University of Central Lancashire, UK

---

“Understanding Emotions in Social Work: Theory, practice and reflection,highlights the importance of emotion in social work practice. Dr Richard Ingram clearly makes the case that the recognition of, reflection upon, responsivenessto, and regulation of emotion, contributes to effective social work practice, as well as, the development of healthy practitioners and practice environments.This book reinforces how social work is primarily a human interactive andrelational practice in which emotion and affect have a pivotal role. I highlyrecommend Understanding Emotions in Social Work as an essential text forstudents, social workers, supervisors and managers.”

 Associate Professor Kieran O’Donoghue, Head of School of Social Work, Massey University, New Zealan

===

Keywords 

Social work practice, emotions, relationship-based, professionalism, unconscious processes, relational

===
Product description

About the Author
Richard Ingram is a senior lecturer in Social Work and Associate Dean for Taught Postgraduate Studies at the University of Dundee, UK.


Product details
Publisher ‏ : ‎ Open University Press; ed edition (11 August 2015)
Language ‏ : ‎ English
Paperback ‏ : ‎ 160 pages
4.3 out of 5 stars 5 ratings


Top reviews from other countries

Amazon Customer
5.0 out of 5 stars A read for every social workerReviewed in the United Kingdom on 13 June 2018
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Best book ever enjoyed and read it from cover to cover

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Introduction to Social Work& Social Welfare CRITICAL THINKING PERSPECTIVES

Introduction in Social Work | PDF | Mental Disorder | Social Work

https://www.scribd.com/document/516145188/Introduction-in-Social-Work

Introduction to Social Work& Social Welfare
CRITICAL THINKING PERSPECTIVES
3rd EDITION
KAREN K. KIRST-ASHMAN
==





Introduction to Social Work & Social Welfare: Critical Thinking Perspectives 3rd Edition
by Karen K. Kirst-Ashman (Author)
4.2 out of 5 stars 82 ratings

Intended for the Introduction to Social Work/Social Welfare course found in programs of social work at both the undergraduate and graduate levels. This course can also be found in human service and sociology departments.

Editorial Reviews

About the Author
Karen K. Kirst-Ashman is Professor Emerita and former chairperson in the Social Work Department at the University of Wisconsin-Whitewater, where she taught for 28 years. She has written six social work textbooks in multiple editions and numerous publications, articles, and reviews on social work and women's issues. She also has served on the Editorial Board of AFFILIA: Journal of Women and Social Work, and as a consulting editor for many social work journals including the Journal of Social Work Education. Dr. Kirst-Ashman has been a member on the Board of the Council on Social Work Education (CSWE) and has served as a CSWE accreditation site visitor on various occasions. She is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker in the state of Wisconsin. She has been the recipient of both the University of Wisconsin-Whitewater Roseman Award for Excellence in Teaching and the University Outstanding Teaching Award. She earned her BSW degree and MSSW degree at the University of Wisconsin-Madison and her Ph.D. in social work at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. She has worked as a practitioner and administrator in child welfare and mental health agencies.


Product details
Publisher ‏ : ‎ Brooks Cole; 3rd edition (March 10, 2009)
Language ‏ : ‎ English
Hardcover ‏ : ‎ 512 pages
ISBN-10 ‏ : ‎ 0495601683
ISBN-13 ‏ : ‎ 978-0495601685
Item Weight ‏ : ‎ 2.45 pounds
Dimensions ‏ : ‎ 8.11 x 0.91 x 10 inchesBest Sellers Rank: #2,549,753 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)#2,244 in Arts & Humanities Teaching Materials
#5,470 in Social Work (Books)
#36,303 in Social Sciences (Books)Customer Reviews:
4.2 out of 5 stars 82 ratings




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Karen Kay Kirst-Ashman


Karen K. Kirst-Ashman has been a full professor and former chairperson in the social work department at the University of Wisconsin-Whitewater, where she has taught for 28 years. She has written six social work textbooks in multiple editions and numerous publications, articles, and reviews on social work and women’s issues. She also has served as a consulting editor on many social work journals. Dr. Kirst-Ashman was a board member of the CSWE from 1998 to 2001 and has served as a CSWE accreditation site visitor on various occasions. She is certified as a licensed clinical social worker in the state of Wisconsin and has been the recipient of the University of Wisconsin-Whitewater Roseman Award for Excellence in Teaching. She earned her BSW degree in 1972 and MSSW degree in 1973 at the University of Wisconsin-Madison and her Ph.D. in Social Work at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.


Top reviews from the United States


Nichi
5.0 out of 5 stars Great Text, especially for the priceReviewed in the United States on January 29, 2014
Verified Purchase
I had to get this textbook for my intro to Social Work class. The university bookstore wanted over $200. Amazon seemed like a better deal here. The text is easy to read and comprehensive as it gets for an introduction. If you have an interest in Social Work, this book will give you about as much information as you need to dip your feet in.

Also, do note it is focused on American social work. While global and international social work is, of course, represented, the core values and such are from the NASW, so your mileage may vary in other nations if you want details on certain professional aspects.

25 people found this helpful

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Bookaholics Bookshelf Reviews
5.0 out of 5 stars A book for a career tiimeReviewed in the United States on April 19, 2018
Verified Purchase
I'm currently using this for one of my Social work classes I should have completed when I first entered the program. I was interested enough to learn that this is a book that I will keep for the rest of my educational career as well my working career.


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Amanda
4.0 out of 5 stars BindingReviewed in the United States on August 29, 2013
Verified Purchase
The book is exactly what I needed however in Brand New condition the binding was falling apart. Nothing a little super glue couldn't fix though!

13 people found this helpful

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luis leon
4.0 out of 5 stars Four StarsReviewed in the United States on September 8, 2014
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Book came as promised


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Stacy
5.0 out of 5 stars YayReviewed in the United States on February 20, 2013
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I used this book for an introduction to social work class. I still have it and it comes in handy when I forget something I learned previously and I need to look it up again.

19 people found this helpful

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Linseylouwho
3.0 out of 5 stars its ok...Reviewed in the United States on October 11, 2012
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Not bad for the price. Not too exciting though. I know there is a newer version noe but my professor said we could use this one.

8 people found this helpful

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Morgan Citera
5.0 out of 5 stars This is great for new social workers and learning how to handle ...Reviewed in the United States on July 16, 2014
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This is great for new social workers and learning how to handle clients! It is also GREAT with defining terms and basic knowledge that is needed to know!!


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Y. Gooden
2.0 out of 5 stars Introduction to Social Work & Social Welfare: Critical Thinking PerspectivesReviewed in the United States on July 4, 2012
Verified Purchase
I received the item in the required limit, however, within one week of this course the binding and completely fallen apart. Sadly it seems you get what you pay for. Wasn't a very good deal after all.

9 people found this helpful

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==


Jan 13, 2015Lindsay Allyson rated it did not like it
Shelves: textbooks
This textbook was terrible. While the basics of social work were presented in the book, it was poorly structured. The author's biases on different political views was very apparent and often offensive, even to someone who shares some of the author's beliefs.


It was an easy-ish read, but it was just a bad book. (less)
flag1 like · Like · comment · see review
Alicia
Apr 18, 2008Alicia rated it liked it
its oh kk needs a dictionary
flagLike · comment · see review

==

Top reviews from United Kingdom

Amazon Customer

5.0 out of 5 stars A read for every social worker

Reviewed in the United Kingdom on 13 June 2018

Verified Purchase

Best book ever enjoyed and read it from cover to cover

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Darren G

5.0 out of 5 stars Great Text Book

Reviewed in the United Kingdom on 15 November 2015

This is one of those books that you will keep on your desk and look back at time and time again. It is written in a very accessible style and is easily picked up. Dr Ingram locates emotions within social work practice and guides the reader through a number of case study's and learning activities to explore this concept in-depth. This has been a very helpful text book during my final placement.

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5.0 out of 5 stars Highly recommended.

Reviewed in the United Kingdom on 13 November 2015

This is an amazing book. It is a must read for all involved in the social work profession. The author locates emotions within social work practice and guides the reader to explore this concept in-depth. This book has been an invaluable resource to me whilst I have been on my final placement. I will certainly dip in and out of this book for years to come.

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Amazon Customer

5.0 out of 5 stars great resource

Reviewed in the United Kingdom on 24 September 2015

Richard's book provides a depth consideration of emotion and the nature of what this means for social work. For students, practitioners and educators the book has excellent learning activities interspersed which could be used for individual reflection or by educators for group activities. I also liked the connection of emotions to the organisational context of social work and the relationships within supervision. A few diagrams help provide a framework for applying the ideas in practice and case examples bring the ideas to life. Looking forward to dipping back in and out of this for different ideas.

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Kindle Customer

5.0 out of 5 stars Excellent social work text book on emotional literacy

Reviewed in the United Kingdom on 29 September 2015

Dr Ingram's book is a helpful contribution to the literature on the 'emotional labour' of social work practice. Social work is an emotionally demanding profession because it requires us to meaningfully engage with adults and children in crises and distress. This book is perfect for students and newly qualified workers as it comprehensively explores the spaces where emotions are felt and expressed in day to day social work and how organsiational and supervisory arrangements impact on our capacity to reflect on and learn from emotions in practice. The author is particularly good at exploring the relevance of emotional literacy to rarely discussed but important areas of social work practice: note taking for instance or the support that colleagues provide in the work place. Case examples and learning points are helpfully threaded through the text. Ultimately there's something here for any practitoner who wants to refine their skills in self-reflection and use this as a springboard to more effective working relationships with servuce users and other professionals.

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Alex Summer

5.0 out of 5 stars Comprehensive and thoughtful exploration of the role of emotion in social work.

Reviewed in the United Kingdom on 30 October 2015

The book has a logical structure, starting with what are emotions and looking at the area of emotion from a range of perspectives, so the reader is not conditioned to accept one definition and instead encouraged to thoroughly engage with what may be meant by the concept of emotion. This book is not just a theoretical exploration, though, and strong practice links come over, making it a useful resource for students and practitioners at any stage of their career. Ingram’s conceptual framework for understanding emotions provides a foundation for exploring and understanding the role of emotion in social work and he goes on to link this framework to social work practice.

Self-awareness is key to ensuring emotions contribute positively, not negatively, to practice and I like how in chapter 2 the reader is encouraged to reflect on significant events in their ‘lifeline’ and think about their own experience of emotions and the potential impact of this on their practice as a social worker. Case studies at various points throughout the book encourage and enable the reader to think about the role of emotion in professional practice and to explore their own feelings.

Ingram explores how emotion and reason do not have to be at odds, and debates surrounding the role of emotion in social work practice are considered – what may be meant by emotion is easier to conceptualise having read chapter 1, which goes back to my point about the book having a logical structure.

Chapter 3 provides a comprehensive exploration of the role and process of reflection, models and methods, as well as the significant topic of emotional intelligence – key aspects for professional practice and continuous professional development.

In part 2 the book moves on to how, now more is understood about emotion in social work, this may be applied to and considered more deeply in terms of social work practice -

Firstly this is looked at in terms of building relationships with service users and carers – how an appropriate level of emotion may be invested in this, taking a relationship-based approach, and exploring some of the skills in relationship building, linking these to the role emotion may be playing here. Ingram emphasises the importance of messages from research into service user and carer perspectives, and the meaningful involvement of service users and carers in social work education - a view I equally hold as a lecturer in this field.

Sometimes at interview applicants state one of their skills as ‘empathy’ and I ask them, what do you think that means? Ingram explores the key role of empathy in relationship building and how that can be achieved, how we may put the concept into words, and he considers key influences on empathic relationships.

Ingram also highlights the importance of writing in social work and considers how much emotions should have a place in this, plus an important inclusion of a section on reflective writing - a skill we encourage students to practise and practise. The book goes on to explore the importance of supervision and support and how supervision may be used effectively as a place for the supervisor and supervisee to explore the emotional context of practice and characteristics of an effective supervisory relationship are considered. We teach social work students about the importance of supervision and this is a key part of supporting their development on placement. There is also a useful exploration of the impact of organisational culture and the role of emotion in organisations.

Throughout, the book helpfully picks out earlier themes and reiterates key points from earlier chapters, without being repetitive. In the final chapter before his concluding thoughts, drawing key themes together Ingram puts forward a model locating emotion at the heart of being a social work professional.

I found Understanding Emotions in Social Work thought-provoking and compelling, a book that shows great appreciation of the complexities of social work practice and explores the role of emotion in social work sensitively, and with care.

Alex Summer

Senior Lecturer in Social Work, MA Social Work Programme Leader

University of Sunderland

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==

Decriminalising sex work in Victoria | Victorian Government

Decriminalising sex work in Victoria | Victorian Government



Decriminalising sex work in Victoria

The Victorian Government is decriminalising sex work to achieve better public health and human rights outcomes.


On 22 February 2022 the Sex Work Decriminalisation Act 2022 was passed by the Victorian Parliament and has become law.

The new laws recognise that sex work is legitimate work and is better regulated through standard business laws, like all other industries in the state. Every Victorian worker, no matter their industry, deserves to feel safe in their workplace.
What decriminalisation changes

Decriminalisation of sex work in Victoria will occur in two stages to allow time to transition to a different model of regulation.

The first stage commenced on 10 May 2022 and includes:the decriminalisation of street-based sex work in most locations
the repeal of offences for working with a sexually transmitted infection and requirements to undergo regular STI testing
the repeal of offences for individual sex workers not using safer sex practices
the repeal of the small owner-operator sex work service provider register
changes to advertising controls applicable to the sex work industry
amendments to the Equal Opportunity Act 2010.

The second stage is expected to commence in December 2023 and will include:abolishing the sex work service provider licensing system by repealing the Sex Work Act 1994
re-enacting offences relating to children and coercion in other legislation to ensure their continued operation following repeal of the Sex Work Act 1994
changes to planning controls to treat sex service businesses like other businesses
the establishment of appropriate liquor controls for the sex work industry
the repeal of brothel and escort agency provisions in the Public Health and Wellbeing Act 2008 to remove specific sex work industry controls.

The changes allow industry regulation to be managed through existing agencies, such as WorkSafe, the Department of Health and local governments. The Victorian Government will continue to work with key stakeholders including, sex workers, their peer organisations, local councils, and other key stakeholders to ensure the reforms are implemented in the best way possible.
Background to the decriminalisation of sex work in Victoria
Why we are decriminalising

Decriminalisation ensures that sex work is safe work and just like any other work. It maximises sex workers' safety, health, and human rights, while also reducing stigma and fear of criminal repercussions.

In Victoria, sex work is currently regulated under a legalised model, which means sex work is only legal if it takes place under certain conditions set out in the Sex Work Act 1994.

The licensing system is outdated and difficult to navigate for those trying to work within it.

Those without a licence, or those practising street-based sex work, are breaking the law and therefore do not have access to basic rights and entitlements.

Sex workers can be put off from engaging with support systems like healthcare providers, the justice system, or other government services because they fear being stigmatised or possibly receiving criminal penalties.
The benefits of decriminalisation

Sex workers have lived experience that demonstrates that the system under the Sex Work Act 1994 puts them at risk of harm and is not fit for purpose.

The Sex Work Decriminalisation Act 2022 ensures:sex workers have more agency to choose where they provide their services and their sexual health requirements
sex workers are regulated like workers in any other industry to help address stigma and discrimination
sex workers have better access to health, and legal services without fear of self-incrimination
increased transparency to help discourage criminal infiltration of the sector
offences relating to sex trafficking, children, coercion and other criminal activity continue to apply.
What has informed this change

In November 2019, the Victorian Government asked Fiona Patten MP to lead a review to make recommendations to the Minister for Consumer Affairs Victoria on decriminalising sex work in Victoria.

After carefully considering the review, the government decided to decriminalise sex work in Victoria.

The review consulted with a range of stakeholders to seek their views. This included: sex workers, sex worker peer organisations, legal, health and education support service providers, commercial operators and industry organisations, and workplace safety agencies, local government and Federal Government agencies, law enforcement agencies, and other community and expert organisations.

In making her recommendations, Ms Patten was asked to consider:all forms of sex work, including sex work in commercial brothels and escort agencies, sexual services provided in massage parlours and similar businesses, sex work by small owner-operated businesses, and street-based sex work
workplace safety including health and safety issues and stigma and discrimination against sex workers
regulatory requirements for operators of commercial sex work businesses
enforcement powers required to address criminal activity in the sex work industry, including coercion, exploitation, debt bondage and slavery
local amenity and the location of premises providing sexual services and street-based sex work
the promotion of public health and appropriate regulation of sex work advertising
the safety and wellbeing of sex workers, including the experience of violence that arises in the course of sex work and as a consequence of it, and worker advocacy for safety and wellbeing.

The review also looked at the decriminalisation of sex work in other jurisdictions including New Zealand and other Australian states and territories.
Public consultation

During August 2021, the Victorian Government undertook public consultation on the proposed model for the decriminalisation of sex work in Victoria. The consultation period has now closed. For further information on the consultation you can visit Engage Victoria.
More information

Please see below for links to important regulators and other support services for the sex work industry:The Department of Health is responsible for public health matters.
The Victorian Equal Opportunity and Human Rights Commission is responsible for implementing amendments to the Equal Opportunity Act 2010
WorkSafe Victoria is responsible for occupational health and safety and workplace compensation in the sex work industry, as in all other industries
Victoria Police is responsible for ensuring community safety
The Department of Environment, Land, Water and Planning is responsible for changes to Victoria’s planning system
Consumer Affairs Victoria provides information for the sex work industry including an overview of changes to the regulations governing sex work, and useful factsheets for the industry.
Vixen provides peer support services and information for those working within the sex work industry.


Reviewed 13 July 2022

Why Sex Work Should Be Decriminalized | Human Rights Watch

Why Sex Work Should Be Decriminalized | Human Rights Watch

August 7, 2019 3:31AM EDTAvailable InEnglish
简体中文

Why Sex Work Should Be Decriminalized

Questions and Answers

Human Rights Watch has conducted research on sex work around the world, including in Cambodia, China, Tanzania, the United States, and most recently, South Africa. The research, including extensive consultations with sex workers and organizations that work on the issue, has shaped the Human Rights Watch policy on sex work: Human Rights Watch supports the full decriminalization of consensual adult sex work.

Why is criminalization of sex work a human rights issue?

Criminalizing adult, voluntary, and consensual sex – including the commercial exchange of sexual services – is incompatible with the human right to personal autonomy and privacy. In short – a government should not be telling consenting adults who they can have sexual relations with and on what terms.

Criminalization exposes sex workers to abuse and exploitation by law enforcement officials, such as police officers. Human Rights Watch has documented that, in criminalized environments, police officers harass sex workers, extort bribes, and physically and verbally abuse sex workers, or even rape or coerce sex from them.

Human Rights Watch has consistently found in research across various countries that criminalization makes sex workers more vulnerable to violence, including rape, assault, and murder, by attackers who see sex workers as easy targets because they are stigmatized and unlikely to receive help from the police. Criminalization may also force sex workers to work in unsafe locations to avoid the police.

Criminalization consistently undermines sex workers’ ability to seek justice for crimes against them. Sex workers in South Africa, for example, said they did not report armed robbery or rape to the police. They said that they are afraid of being arrested because their work is illegal and that their experience with police is of being harassed or profiled and arrested, or laughed at or not taken seriously. Even when they report crimes, sex workers may not be willing to testify in court against their assailants and rapists for fear of facing sanctions or further abuse because of their work and status.

UNAIDS, public health experts, sex worker organizations, and other human rights organizations have found that criminalization of sex work also has a negative effect on sex workers’ right to health. In one example, Human Rights Watch found in a 2012 report, “Sex Workers at Risk: Condoms as Evidence of Prostitution in Four US Cities,” that police and prosecutors used a sex worker’s possession of condoms as evidence to support prostitution charges. The practice left sex workers reluctant to carry condoms for fear of arrest, forcing them to engage in sex without protection and putting them at heightened risk of contracting HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases.

Criminalization also has a negative effect on other human rights. In countries that ban sex work, sex workers are less likely to be able to organize as workers, advocate for their rights, or to work together to support and protect themselves.

How does decriminalizing sex work help protect sex workers?

Decriminalizing sex work maximizes sex workers’ legal protection and their ability to exercise other key rights, including to justice and health care. Legal recognition of sex workers and their occupation maximizes their protection, dignity, and equality. This is an important step toward destigmatizing sex work.

Does decriminalizing sex work encourage other human rights violations such as human trafficking and sexual exploitation of children?

Sex work is the consensual exchange of sex between adults. Human trafficking and sexual exploitation of children are separate issues. They are both serious human rights abuses and crimes and should always be investigated and prosecuted.

Laws that clearly distinguish between sex work and crimes like human trafficking and sexual exploitation of children help protect both sex workers and crime victims. Sex workers may be in a position to have important information about crimes such as human trafficking and sexual exploitation of children, but unless the work they themselves do is not treated as criminal, they are unlikely to feel safe reporting this information to the police.

What should governments do?

Governments should fully decriminalize sex work and ensure that sex workers do not face discrimination in law or practice. They should also strengthen services for sex workers and ensure that they have safe working conditions and access to public benefits and social safety nets.

Moreover, any regulations and controls on sex workers and their activities need to be nondiscriminatory and otherwise comply with international human rights law. For example, restrictions that would prevent those engaged in sex work from organizing collectively, or working in a safe environment, are not legitimate restrictions.

Why does Human Rights Watch support full decriminalization rather than the “Nordic model?”

The “Nordic model,” first introduced in Sweden, makes buying sex illegal, but does not prosecute the seller, the sex worker. Proponents of the Nordic model see “prostitution” as inherently harmful and coerced; they aim to end sex work by killing the demand for transactional sex. Disagreement between organizations seeking full decriminalization of sex work and groups supporting the Nordic model has been a contentious issue within the women’s rights community in many countries and globally.

Human Rights Watch supports full decriminalization rather than the Nordic model because research shows that full decriminalization is a more effective approach to protecting sex workers’ rights. Sex workers themselves also usually want full decriminalization.

The Nordic model appeals to some politicians as a compromise that allows them to condemn buyers of sex but not people they see as having been forced to sell sex. But the Nordic model actually has a devastating impact on people who sell sex to earn a living. Because its goal is to end sex work, it makes it harder for sex workers to find safe places to work, unionize, work together and support and protect one another, advocate for their rights, or even open a bank account for their business. It stigmatizes and marginalizes sex workers and leaves them vulnerable to violence and abuse by police as their work and their clients are still criminalized.

Isn’t sex work a form of sexual violence?

No. When an adult makes a decision of her, his, or their own free will to exchange sex for money, that is not sexual violence.

When a sex worker is the victim of a crime, including sexual violence, the police should promptly investigate and refer suspects for prosecution. When a person exchanges sex for money as a result of coercion – for example by a pimp – or experiences violence from a pimp or a customer, or is a victim of trafficking, these are serious crimes. The police should promptly
investigate and refer the case for prosecution.

Sex workers are often exposed to high levels of violence and other abuse or harm, but this is usually because they are working in a criminalized environment. Research by Human Rights Watch and others indicates that decriminalization can help reduce crime, including sexual violence, against sex workers.

Aside from decriminalizing sex work, what other policies does Human Rights Watch support with regard to sex workers’ rights?

People engaged in voluntary sex work may come from backgrounds of poverty or marginalization and face discrimination and inequality, including in their access to the job market. With this in mind, Human Rights Watch supports measures to improve the human rights situation for sex workers, including research and access to education, financial support, job training and placement, social services, and information. Human Rights Watch also encourages efforts to address discrimination based on gender, sexual orientation, gender identity, race, ethnicity, or immigration status affecting sex workers.

Human Rights Watch research documenting abuse against sex workers:Why We’ve Filed a Lawsuit Against a US Federal Law Targeting Sex Workers, June 2018
Greece: Police Abusing Marginalized People: Target the Homeless, Drug Users, Sex Workers in Athens, March 2015
“I’m Scared to Be a Woman”: Human Rights Abuses Against Transgender People in Malaysia, September 2014
In Harm’s Way: State Response to Sex Workers, Drug Users and HIV in New Orleans, December 2013
“Swept Away”: Abuses Against Sex Workers in China, May 2013
“Treat Us Like Human Beings”: Discrimination against Sex Workers, Sexual and Gender Minorities, and People Who Use Drugs in Tanzania, June 2013
Off the Streets: Arbitrary Detention and Other Abuses against Sex Workers in Cambodia, July 2010
Sex Workers at Risk: Condoms as Evidence of Prostitution in Four US Cities, July 2012

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August 7, 2019 News Release
South Africa: Decriminalise Sex Work


June 29, 2018 Dispatches
Why We’ve Filed a Lawsuit Against a US Federal Law Targeting Sex Workers

Ten Reasons to Decriminalize Sex Work - Open Society Foundations

Ten Reasons to Decriminalize Sex Work - Open Society Foundations

Ten Reasons to Decriminalize Sex Work

EN

Date
April 2015
Program
Public Health Program


Sex work is criminalized not only through prohibitions on selling sexual services, but also through laws that prohibit the solicitation of sex, living off the earnings of sex work, brothel-keeping, or the purchase of sexual services. By reducing the freedom of sex workers to negotiate condom use with clients, organize for fair treatment, and publicly advocate for their rights, criminalization and aggressive policing have been shown to increase sex workers' vulnerability to violence, extortion, and health risks.

This document provides ten reasons why decriminalizing sex work is the best policy for promoting health and human rights of sex workers, their families, and communities. Removing criminal prosecution of sex work goes hand-in-hand with recognizing sex work as work and protecting the rights of sex workers through workplace health and safety standards. Decriminalizing sex work means sex workers are more likely to live without stigma, social exclusion, and fear of violence.


Update (April 10, 2015): The brief has been updated to reflect the most relevant arguments, and the latest news and evidence, that suggest the decriminalization of sex work is the policy that best protects the rights, health, and safety of sex workers.

DownloadTen Reasons to Decriminalize Sex Work (2.71 MB PDF FILE)

Download the 11-page brief.

[#깨달음의파도] 미국과 유럽불교 "명상이 행복에 도움을 줄 수 있을까" #미국과유럽불교 #종교에서과학으로 | 혜주스님 - YouTube

[#깨달음의파도] 미국과 유럽불교 "명상이 행복에 도움을 줄 수 있을까" #미국과유럽불교 #종교에서과학으로 | 혜주스님 - YouTube

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👉부처님께서 깨달음을 얻으신 후 불교가 각 지역마다 어떻게 전파돼 무슨 문화를 꽃 피웠는지 조망해보는 프로그램 00:00:00 세계적인 명상 붐 00:03;03 미국과 유럽의 불교현황 00:11:03 미국불교의 시작과 발전 00:18:20 불교, 종교에서 과학으로 00:23:49 명상의 과학적 연구 흐름 00:44:12 미국과 유럽의 명상 00:44:58 미국의 다양한 명상센터들 01:10:19 명상을 연구하는 대학교들 01:17:58 명상을 활용하는 기업들 01:22:15 불교와 명상 ------------------------------------------------------------------ ▶BBS불교방송 Buddhist Broadcasting System 1990년 5월 1일 지상파라디오방송 개국/ 2008년 불교전문 BBSTV 개국 [불교계 유일, 비영리재단이 운영하는 공익방송 BBS불교방송입니다!] 만공회 후원(보시)와 방송광고수입을 방송포교불사로 환원하는 불교계 유일의 비영리재단 ‘공익방송'

Watch God in America | American Experience | Official Site | PBS

Watch God in America | American Experience | Official Site | PBS:





AIRED OCTOBER 11, 2010
God in America

Film Description

Since the days when the Puritan "city on a hill" beckoned on the horizon of the New World, religious faith and belief have forged America's ideals, molded its identity and shaped its sense of mission at home and abroad.

For the first time on television, God in America explores the tumultuous 400-year history of the intersection of religion and public life in America, from the first European settlements to the 2008 presidential election. 

A co-production of AMERICAN EXPERIENCE and FRONTLINE, this six-hour series examines how religious dissidents helped shape the American concept of religious liberty and the controversial evolution of that ideal in the nation's courts and political arena; how religious freedom and waves of new immigrants and religious revivals fueled competition in the religious marketplace; how movements for social reform —from abolition to civil rights — galvanized men and women to put their faith into political action; and how religious faith influenced conflicts from the American Revolution to the Cold War.

Interweaving documentary footage, historical dramatization and interviews with religious historians, the six-part series is narrated by actor Campbell Scott and includes appearances by actors Michael Emerson (as John Winthrop), Chris Sarandon (as Abraham Lincoln) and Keith David (as Frederick Douglass), among others.

"The American story cannot be fully understood without understanding the country's religious history," says series executive producer Michael Sullivan. "By examining that history, God in America will offer viewers a fresh, revealing and challenging portrait of the country."

As God in America unfolds, it reveals the deep roots of American religious identity in the universal quest for liberty and individualism — ideas that played out in the unlikely political union between Thomas Jefferson and defiant Baptists to oppose the established church in Virginia and that were later embraced by free-wheeling Methodists and maverick Presbyterians. Catholic and Jewish immigrants battled for religious liberty and expanded its meaning. In their quest for social reform, movements as different as civil rights and the religious right found authority and energy in their religious faith. The fight to define religious liberty fueled struggles between America's secular and religious cultures on issues from evolution to school prayer, and American individualism and the country's experiment in religious liberty were the engine that made America the most religiously diverse nation on earth.

God in America comprises six 60-minute episodes.

Features
ARTICLE
Introduction

Since the days when the Puritan "city on a hill" beckoned on the horizon of the New World, religious faith and belief have forged America's ideals, molded its identity and shaped its sense of mission at home and abroad.
ARTICLE
The Black Church

Read about the Black Church in America in this feature written by Marilyn Mellowes. Mellowes was principally responsible for the research and development of the series God in America and has served as its series producer.
ARTICLE
People and Ideas: Early American Individuals

How Early American individuals' religious ideas and spiritual experiences have impacted American social, political and cultural life.
ARTICLE
People and Ideas: Early American Groups

How Early American religious ideas and spiritual experiences from different groups have impacted American social, political and cultural life.
ARTICLE
People and Ideas: Early American Events

How Early American religious events and spiritual experiences have impacted American social, political and cultural life.
ARTICLE
People and Ideas: Europe

How European religious ideas and individuals' spiritual experiences have impacted American social, political and cultural life.
ARTICLE
People and Ideas: Early America's Formation

How some of the Founding Fathers and their experiences with religion have impacted American social, political and cultural life.
ARTICLE
People and Ideas: Civil War and Reconstruction

How religious ideas and individuals' spiritual experiences during the Civil War and Reconstruction era have impacted American social, political and cultural life.
ARTICLE
People and Ideas: Confronting Modernity/Progressive Era

The 19th century marked a shift to modernity and progressive ideas in America. Read how religious ideas and individuals' spiritual experiences during this time have impacted American social, political and cultural life.
ARTICLE
People and Ideas: The Civil Rights Movement

How religious ideas and individuals' spiritual experiences belonging to the 20th century Civil Rights movement have impacted American social, political and cultural life.
ARTICLE
People and Ideas: Cold War and Modern Era

How religious ideas and individuals' spiritual experiences during the Cold War/Modern era of the 20th Century have impacted American social, political and cultural life.
ARTICLE
Interview: Catherine Brekus

Catherine Brekus teaches American religious history at the University of Chicago Divinity School. She is the author of Strangers and Pilgrims: Female Preaching in America, 1740-1845 and editor of The Religious History of American Women: Reimagining the Past. This is the edited transcript of an interview conducted on June 23, 2009.
ARTICLE
Interview: Margaret Washington

Washington is a professor of history at Cornell University. Her most recent book is Sojourner Truth's America. This is the edited transcript of an interview conducted on June 29, 2009.
ARTICLE
Interview: Jeffrey Gurock

Gurock is a professor of Jewish history at Yeshiva University and chair of the Academic Council of the American Jewish Historical Society. This is the edited transcript of an interview conducted on March 2, 2010.
ARTICLE
Interview: Muzammil Siddiqi

Imam Siddiqi is the chairman of the Fiqh Council of North America and the educational and religious director of the Islamic Society of Orange County, Calif. This is an edited transcript of an interview conducted on Jan. 13, 2010.
ARTICLE
God in the White House

From Washington to Obama—the presidents' religious beliefs and their impact on politics.

God In America: People: Ralph Waldo Emerson | PBS

God In America: People: Ralph Waldo Emerson | PBS

People & Ideas: Ralph Waldo Emerson


Source: Library of Congress


Ralph Waldo Emerson was a writer, thinker and philosopher who became the leading proponent of Transcendentalism, a movement that imbued the austere New England Unitarian tradition with elements of mysticism.

In 1803, Emerson was born into a Unitarian family in Boston. His father, a minister, died two weeks before his 8th birthday; he was raised by his mother and influenced by his aunt, Mary Moody Emerson. He attended Harvard College, graduating in the middle of his class.

After earning a degree at the Harvard Divinity School, he became an ordained Unitarian minister of Boston's Second Church in 1829. He fell into disagreements over the administration of communion and public prayer. After three years, he resigned his post, saying: "This mode of celebrating Christ is no longer suitable to me. That is reason enough why I should abandon it."

Emerson settled in Concord, Mass., where he befriended Henry David Thoreau and kept company with the leading intell`ectuals of his day. In 1836, he and his colleagues founded the Transcendental Club, which served as the center of the Transcendentalist movement. Refusing to acknowledge any authority beyond themselves, the Transcendentalists believed that each individual must make their own decisions about God, the human race and the world. Emerson declared that the Transcendentalist "believes in miracles, in the perpetual openness of the human mind to the new influx of light and power; he believes in inspiration and ecstasy."

In July 1838, Emerson was invited to address the graduating class at the Harvard Divinity School. In his speech, Emerson dismissed biblical miracles and claimed that while Jesus was a great man, he was not God. His comments created a firestorm; he was not invited back to the Divinity School for 30 years. He continued to express his ideas, including those about God, in lectures, essays and poems./

For Emerson, God was neither the stern judge of the Calvinists nor the distant clockmaker of the Deists. Emerson believed that God was revealed through nature. Like his British Romantic contemporaries, Emerson saw a direct connection between man, nature and God. Historian Grant Wacker describes Emerson's belief: "God was best understood as a spirit, an ideal, a breath of life; everywhere and always filling the world with the inexhaustible power of the divine presence. God was as close as the atmosphere, as intimate as the 'blowing clover and the falling rain.'"

1838년 7월, 에머슨은 하버드 신학대학원 졸업반에서 연설을 하도록 초대를 받았습니다. 연설에서 에머슨은 성경의 기적을 일축하고 예수는 위대하지만 신은 아니라고 주장했습니다. 그의 발언은 폭풍을 불러일으켰습니다. 그는 30년 동안 신학교에 다시 초대받지 못했습니다. 그는 강의, 수필, 시를 통해 하나님에 관한 것을 포함하여 자신의 생각을 계속해서 표현했습니다.
에머슨에게 신은 칼빈주의자들의 엄한 재판관도 아니었고 이신론자들의 먼 시계 제작자도 아니었습니다. 에머슨은 신이 자연을 통해 계시된다고 믿었습니다. 그의 영국 낭만주의 동시대인들처럼 에머슨은 인간, 자연, 신 사이의 직접적인 연결을 보았습니다. 역사가 그랜트 바커(Grant Wacker)는 에머슨의 믿음을 다음과 같이 설명합니다. "신은 영, 이상, 생명의 숨결로 가장 잘 이해되었습니다. 모든 곳에서 그리고 항상 신성한 임재의 무진장한 힘으로 세상을 채우고 있습니다. 신은 대기만큼이나가깝고  '날리는 클로버와 내리는 비'만큼.친밀합니다.'"

Unlike most American intellectuals of his day, Emerson garnered considerable fame in Europe, and he exerted significant influence on later generations of theosophists, religious environmentalists and New Agers.

Late in life, Emerson began to lose his memory and stopped making public appearances. He died in April 1882 and was buried in Sleepy Hollow Cemetery in Concord, Mass., not far from his home.RELATED LINKS
The Divinity School Address
Emerson's Essays
Transcendentalism: The American Novel (American Masters/PBS)